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Tags
#exam #nephrology
Question
What is the approach to edema?
Answer
edema = Alterations in Starling (hydrostatic & oncotic) forces:
Increased hydrostatic pressure (Na+ retention)
• Heart failure
• Drugs: Eg. CCBs, NSAIDs, Thiazolidinediones, Minoxidil
Decreased oncotic pressure (hypoalbuminemia)
• Protein loss: nephrotic syndrome, protein losing enteropathy
• Reduced albumin synthesis: liver disease
Increased capillary permeability
• Diabetes
• Malnutrition

Approach: hx, p/e, labs, investigations

Tags
#exam #nephrology
Question
What is the approach to edema?
Answer
?

Tags
#exam #nephrology
Question
What is the approach to edema?
Answer
edema = Alterations in Starling (hydrostatic & oncotic) forces:
Increased hydrostatic pressure (Na+ retention)
• Heart failure
• Drugs: Eg. CCBs, NSAIDs, Thiazolidinediones, Minoxidil
Decreased oncotic pressure (hypoalbuminemia)
• Protein loss: nephrotic syndrome, protein losing enteropathy
• Reduced albumin synthesis: liver disease
Increased capillary permeability
• Diabetes
• Malnutrition

Approach: hx, p/e, labs, investigations

Summary

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