These cases may be contrasted with the case of White v Chief Constable of the South Yorkshire Police [1999] 1 All ER 1). Here the claimants were police officers on duty during the Hillsborough football stadium disaster. They had assisted in removing the dead bodies and carrying the injured to safety as well as trying to resuscitate spectators. Their action was for post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of these experiences. They claimed both as employees and as professional rescuers. The House of Lords dismissed their appeal. Their status as employees did not automatically convert the claimants from secondary victims to primary victims. The ordinary criteria of nervous shock (as set out in Alcock, discussed below) applied. Their argument as to being professional rescuers also failed in that they had not actually been exposed to danger themselves.