Technically speaking, although the tests for ‘public authorities’ (in human rights law) and ‘public bodies’y (judicial review) are separate, in reality there is a large degree of overlap. In Aston Cantlow and Wilmcote with Billesley Parochial Church Council v Wallbank and Another [2003] UKHL 37, Lord Hope stated that cases concerning the amenability of bodies to judicial review could not be regarded as determinative for defining a public authority under the HRA 1998, as they have different rationales. However, they could provide assistance.