Reading 20. International Trade and Capital Flows explains the flows of goods and services, physical capital, and financial capital across national borders.

The reading explains how the different types of flows are linked and how trade may benefit trade partners.

The accounting for these flows and the institutions that facilitate and regulate them are also covered.

The payment system supporting trade and investment depends on world currency markets.

Investment practitioners need to understand how these markets function in detail because of their importance in portfolio management and economic analysis.

Reading 21. Currency Exchange Rates provides an overview of currency market fundamentals.