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Physiologic Jaundice
This is defined as a total bilirubin level ≤ 15 mg/dL (≤ 257 μmol/L) in full-term infants who are otherwise healthy and have no other demonstrable cause for elevated bilirubin.
Almost all newborn infants have hyperbilirubinemia, but it is benign and self- limited.
Physiologic jaundice in a full-term baby is usually first noticed on the second or third day of life, with the bilirubin level reaching its peak at day three or four of life.
Numerous factors promote the increased enterohepatic circulation that results in physiologic jaundice:
Increased bilirubin production (from the breakdown of the short-lived fetal red cells) Relative deficiency of hepatocyte proteins and UDPGT Lack of intestinal flora to metabolize bile High levels of β-glucuronidase in meconium Minimal oral (enteral) intake in the first 2-4 days of life, resulting in slow excretion of meconium (especially common with breastfed infants).
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CLIPP 8 - neonatal jaundicethen reabsorbed into the blood stream where it binds to albumin. Newborns absorb significant quantities of bilirubin through this process, known as enterohepatic circulation.
Etiologies of Jaundice
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<span>Physiologic Jaundice
This is defined as a total bilirubin level ≤ 15 mg/dL (≤ 257 μmol/L) in full-term infants who are otherwise healthy and have no other demonstrable cause for elevated bilirubin.
Almost all newborn infants have hyperbilirubinemia, but it is benign and self- limited.
Physiologic jaundice in a full-term baby is usually first noticed on the second or third day of life, with the bilirubin level reaching its peak at day three or four of life.
Numerous factors promote the increased enterohepatic circulation that results in physiologic jaundice:
Increased bilirubin production (from the breakdown of the short-lived fetal red cells) Relative deficiency of hepatocyte proteins and UDPGT Lack of intestinal flora to metabolize bile High levels of β-glucuronidase in meconium Minimal oral (enteral) intake in the first 2-4 days of life, resulting in slow excretion of meconium (especially common with breastfed infants).
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Jaundice Associated with Breastfeeding
Some clinicians divide this into two separate entities--breastfeeding jaundice and breast-milk jaundi Summary
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