Urine citrate inhibits stone formation by binding calcium in the tubular lumen, preventing it from precipitating with oxalate. Citrate excretion can be enhanced in patients with low urine citrate levels by alkalinizing the serum with potassium citrate, which decreases uptake of filtered citrate from the tubular lumen.
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ELBOMBARDO - (no access) - MKSAP_17.pdf, p3542
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