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The Functions of Money
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The Functions of Money

Money performs three basic functions.

  • It serves as a medium of exchange to buy and sell.
  • It is used as an measurement unit to compare the value and cost of things.

  • It provides a way of storing value to allow the movement of purchasing power from one period to another. Although it is not the only way of storing value, it is the most liquid of all assets, due to its function as the medium of exchange.

    If both Y and V are constant, then the equation indicates that an increase in money supply will lead to a proportional increase in price level.
    This equation of exchange leads to the quantity theory of money, which hypothesizes that a change in the money supply will cause a proportional change in the price level because velocity and real output are unaffected by the quantity of money.

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Subject 1. What is Money?
tax, and borrowing activities to achieve economic goals. Monetary policy refers to central bank activities to control the supply of money. Their goals are maximum employment, stable prices, and moderate long-term interest rates. <span>The Functions of Money Money performs three basic functions. • It serves as a medium of exchange to buy and sell goods and services. Money simplifies and reduces the costs of transactions. In the absence of money, a barter economy would exist. Acquiring a belt, for example, would entail finding a belt maker who happened to want what you had to offer in exchange, making transactions tedious, enormously costly, and inefficient. Money permits us to realize the enormous gains from the specialization, division of labor, and mass-production processes that underlie our modern standard living. It is used as an accounting unit to compare the value and cost of things. As a unit of measurement, like a centimeter, money is used by people to post prices and keep track of revenues and costs. It provides a way of storing value to allow the movement of purchasing power from one period to another. Although it is not the only way of storing value, it is the most liquid of all assets, due to its function as the medium of exchange. However, many methods of holding money do not yield an interest return and the purchase power of money will decline during a time of inflation. If both Y and V are constant, then the equation indicates that an increase in money supply will lead to a proportional increase in price level. This equation of exchange leads to the quantity theory of money, which hypothesizes that a change in the money supply will cause a proportional change in the price level because velocity and real output are unaffected by the quantity of money. The Money Creation Process Reserves are the cash in a bank's vault and deposits at Federal Reserve Banks. Under the fractional reserve banking system,


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