FF nanotubes have been transformed into spherical vesi- cle structures by diluting the solution of FF in pH 7. It should be emphasized that different morphologies can be created by simple modification of the solution’s parameters, such as the solvent used and its concentration level. In fact, con- centration of FF plays a critical role in defining the final nanostructure morphology. The transition from FF nanotubes to vesicles is reversible and dependent on FF concentration. This is attributed to the sufficient free energy association gained by intermolecular interaction at high concentrations of FF (100 mg/ml), while decreased concentrations disas- semble the organized arrangement (Fig. 4) [25]. Yan et al. has described, in more detail, the various nanostructures derived from FF, their self-assembly mechanisms, and their potential application