• Shorten field lengths, especially unusually long ones that disrupt the visual flow, and reduce cardinality when reasonable. • Each column should have a unique header; multiple or redundant headers can be merged. • Label the currency type or percentage in the header, not next to each entry. • Remove random cell annotations or consolidate them in an additional column titled “Explanations.” • Fill blank cells with appropriate treatment or leave them blank to indicate unknown or unavailable values. • Confirm that all rows have identical numbers of columns aligning with headers. • If necessary, change the rows to columns or columns to rows. • Merge rows or columns to eliminate empty cells or an emphasis on sparsity of data. • Group associated variables into categories or ranges to facilitate visualization.