Following treatment, the physician and patient should review the sequence of events that led to DKA to prevent future recur- rences. Foremost is patient education about the symptoms of DKA, its precipitating factors, and the management of diabetes during a concurrent illness. During illness or when oral intake is compro- mised, patients should (1) frequently measure the capillary blood glucose; (2) measure urinary ketones when the serum glucose is >13.7 mmol/L (250 mg/dL); (3) drink fluids to maintain hydration; (4) continue or increase insulin; and (5) seek medical attention if dehydration, persistent vomiting, or uncontrolled hyperglycemia develop. Using these strategies, early DKA can be prevented or detected and treated appropriately on an outpatient basis.