philosophy committed to rational demonstration of the fixed and antecedent certainty of the ideal, with asharp demarcation of knowledge and higher activity from all forms of practical activity, is aphilosophy which perpetuates the obstacles in the way of realization of the possibility that has been pointed out. It is easy both to minimize the practical effect of philosophic theories and to exaggerate it. Directly, it is not very great. But as an intel- lectual formulation and justification of habits and attitudes already obtaining among men its influence is immense. The vis inertiae of habit is tremendous, and when it is reinforced by aphilosophy which also is embodied in institutions, it is so great as to be afactor in sustaining the present confusion and conflict of authorities and allegiances.