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Annotation 149624601

#finance #greeks #has-images

	Spot Price (S)	Volatility ( $\sigma$ )	Time to Expiry ( $\tau$ )
Value (V)	$\Delta$ Delta	$\nu$ Vega	$\Theta$ Theta
Delta ( $\Delta$ )	$\Gamma$ Gamma	Vanna	Charm
Vega ( $\nu$ )	Vanna	Vomma

...

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Greeks (finance) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
or4.2 Speed4.3 Ultima4.4 Zomma 5 Greeks for multi-asset options6 Formulas for European option Greeks7 Related measures 7.1 Bond duration and convexity7.2 Beta7.3 Fugit 8 See also9 Notes10 References11 External links Use of the Greeks[edit] Spot Price (S)Volatility ()Time to Expiry ()Value (V) Delta Vega ThetaDelta () GammaVannaCharmVega () VannaVommaVetaGamma () SpeedZommaColorVomma UltimaTotto Definition of Greeks as the sensitivity of an option's price and risk (in the first column) to the underlying parameter (in the first row). First-order Greeks are in blue, second-order Greeks are in green, and third-order Greeks are in yellow. Note that vanna appears twice as it should, and rho is left out as it is not as important as the rest. The Greeks are vital tools in risk management. Each Greek measures the sensitivity of the value of a portfolio to a small change in a given underlying parameter, so that component risks

Flashcard 149625984

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Question

Suppose we have a class


public class Point {
    private final int x;
    private final int y;

    @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
	if (!(o instanceof Point))
	    return false;
	Point p = (Point)o;
	return p.x == x && p.y == y;
    }
    // Remainder omitted
}

and a subclass

public class ColorPoint extends Point {
    private final Color color;

    @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
      if (!(o instanceof ColorPoint))
         return false;
      return super.equals(o) && ((ColorPoint) o).color == color;
     }

    // Remainder omitted
}

what are the consequences of implementing equals() method on ColorPoint like above?

Answer

It violates symmetry. You get different results when comparing a point to a color point and vice versa.

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Flashcard 149626363

Tags

#bonds #duration #finance

Question

For most practical calculations, the Macaulay duration is calculated using the [...]

Answer

yield to maturity

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For most practical calculations, the Macaulay duration is calculated using the yield to maturity

Original toplevel document

Bond duration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
ey are and the final large circle including the final principal repayment. If these circles were put on a balance beam, the fulcrum of the beam would represent the weighted average distance (time to payment), which is 1.78 years in this case. For most practical calculations, the Macaulay duration is calculated using the yield to maturity to calculate the : (2) (3) where: indexes the cash flows, is the present value of the th cash payment from an asset, is the cash flow of the th payment from an asset, is the y

Flashcard 149626370

Tags

#bonds #duration #finance

Question

DV01 is the ratio of a [...]to unit change in input (a basis point of yield).

Answer

price change in output (dollars)

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DV01 is the ratio of a price change in output (dollars) to unit change in input (a basis point of yield).

Original toplevel document

Bond duration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
to yield: so that it is the product of the modified duration and the price (value): ($ per 1 percentage point change in yield) or ($ per 1 basis point change in yield) The DV01 is analogous to the delta in derivative pricing (The Greeks) – it is the ratio of a price change in output (dollars) to unit change in input (a basis point of yield). Dollar duration or DV01 is the change in price in dollars, not in percentage. It gives the dollar variation in a bond's value per unit change in the yield. It is often measured per 1 bas

Flashcard 149626377

Tags

#bonds #duration #finance

Question

DV01 is the ratio of a price change in output (dollars) to [...].

Answer

unit change in input (a basis point of yield)

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DV01 is the ratio of a price change in output (dollars) to unit change in input (a basis point of yield).

Original toplevel document

Flashcard 149626385

Tags

#bonds #duration #finance

Question

[another name of DV01, not the meaning of the abbreviation DV01] or DV01 is the change in price in dollars, not in percentage.

Answer

Dollar duration

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Dollar duration or DV01 is the change in price in dollars, not in percentage.

Original toplevel document

Bond duration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
e point change in yield) or ($ per 1 basis point change in yield) The DV01 is analogous to the delta in derivative pricing (The Greeks) – it is the ratio of a price change in output (dollars) to unit change in input (a basis point of yield). Dollar duration or DV01 is the change in price in dollars, not in percentage. It gives the dollar variation in a bond's value per unit change in the yield. It is often measured per 1 basis point - DV01 is short for "dollar value of an 01" (or 1 basis poi

Flashcard 149626396

Tags

#bonds #duration #finance

Question

Dollar duration or [short name of dollar duration] is the change in price in dollars, not in percentage.

Answer

DV01

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Parent (intermediate) annotation

Open it
Dollar duration or DV01 is the change in price in dollars, not in percentage.

Original toplevel document

Flashcard 149626407

Tags

#bonds #duration #finance

Question

Dollar duration or DV01 is the change in price in [...], not in [...].

Answer

in dollars, not in percentage

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Parent (intermediate) annotation

Open it
Dollar duration or DV01 is the change in price in dollars, not in percentage.

Original toplevel document

Flashcard 149626419

Tags

#bonds #finance #yield-to-maturity #z-spread

Question

Given a single series of nominal cash flows (like a riskless bond). If these payments are discounted to net present value with a static [...]yield curve the sum of their values will tend to overestimate the market price of the priced instrument. The parallel shift, which, if applied to the yield curve makes the NPV of the anticipated receipts equal to the market price is the Yield curve spread (aka Z-spread).

Answer

treasury

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Given a single series of nominal cash flows (like a riskless bond). If these payments are discounted to net present value with a static treasury yield curve the sum of their values will tend to overestimate the market price of the priced instrument. The parallel shift, which, if applied to the yield curve makes the NPV of the ant

Original toplevel document

Z-spread - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
age-backed securities, a model of typical repayment rates tends to be given; for example, the PSA formula for a particular Fannie Mae MBS might equate a particular group of mortgages to an 8 year amortizing bond with a 5% mortality per annum. This gives a single series of nominal cash flows (like a riskless bond). If these payments are discounted to net present value with a static treasury yield curve the sum of their values will tend to overestimate the market price of the MBS. The parallel shift, which, if applied to the yield curve makes the NPV of the anticipated receipts equal to the market price is the Yield curve spread. The Z-spread of a bond is the number of basis points one needs to add to the Treasury spot rates yield curve, so that the NPV of the bond cash flows (using the adjusted yield curve) equa

Flashcard 149626426

Tags

#bonds #finance #yield-to-maturity #z-spread

Question

Given a single series of nominal cash flows (like a riskless bond). If these payments are discounted to net present value with a static treasury yield curve the sum of their values will tend to [overestimate or underestimate?] the market price of the priced instrument. The parallel shift, which, if applied to the yield curve makes the NPV of the anticipated receipts equal to the market price is the Yield curve spread (aka Z-spread).

Answer

overestimate

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Parent (intermediate) annotation

Original toplevel document

Flashcard 149626437

Tags

#bonds #finance #yield-to-maturity #z-spread

Question

Answer

parallel shift, which, if applied to the yield curve makes the NPV of the anticipated receipts equal to the market price

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gle series of nominal cash flows (like a riskless bond). If these payments are discounted to net present value with a static treasury yield curve the sum of their values will tend to overestimate the market price of the priced instrument. The parallel shift, which, if applied to the yield curve makes the NPV of the anticipated receipts equal to the market price is the Yield curve spread (aka Z-spread).<body><html>

Original toplevel document

Flashcard 149626455

Tags

#bonds #duration #finance

Question

Macaulay duration is a weighted average [...] until repayment (measured in [...])

Answer

time until repayments, e.g. coupons and principal (measured in units of time such as years)

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Macaulay duration is a weighted average time until repayment (measured in units of time such as years)

Original toplevel document

Bond duration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
the asset. This gives the well-known relation between Macaulay duration and modified duration quoted above. It should be remembered that, even though Macaulay duration and modified duration are closely related, they are conceptually distinct. Macaulay duration is a weighted average time until repayment (measured in units of time such as years) while modified duration is a price sensitivity measure when the price is treated as a function of yield, the percentage change in price with respect to yield. Units[edit] For modified du

Flashcard 149626468

Tags

#bonds #duration #finance

Question

[...]is a price sensitivity measure when the price is treated as a function of yield, the percentage change in price with respect to yield.

Answer

modified duration

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modified duration is a price sensitivity measure when the price is treated as a function of yield, the percentage change in price with respect to yield.

Original toplevel document

Bond duration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
t should be remembered that, even though Macaulay duration and modified duration are closely related, they are conceptually distinct. Macaulay duration is a weighted average time until repayment (measured in units of time such as years) while modified duration is a price sensitivity measure when the price is treated as a function of yield, the percentage change in price with respect to yield. Units[edit] For modified duration the common units are the percent change in price per one percentage point change in yield per year (for example yield going from 8% per year (y = 0.08)

Flashcard 149626487

Tags

#bonds #finance #yield-to-maturity #z-spread

Question

Conventionally, the zero rates for calculating Z-spread are determined from the Treasury curve, with [...]compounding.

Answer

semi-annual

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Conventionally, the zero rates for calculating Z-spread are determined from the Treasury curve, with semi-annual compounding.

Original toplevel document

Z-spread - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
onal factors such as liquidity and credit risk. The Z-spread quantifies the impact of these additional factors. It is the spread you need to add to the curve you are discounting with in order to generate a price that matches the market price. Conventionally, the zero rates are determined from the Treasury curve, with semi-annual compounding. The Problem with YTM spreads[edit] Coupon Paying bonds are essentially portfolios of Zero Coupon Bond components and the Yield to Maturity of such instruments can be thought of as being

Flashcard 149626507

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Question

How to calculate hash code of a double?

Answer

Double.doubleToLongBits(f) and then calculate hash code of the resulting long.

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Flashcard 149626518

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Question

How to combine hash codes from different fields of an object?

Answer

Initially, result = 17; // any non zero value
then result = 31 * result + hashCodeOfAField; // for each field

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Flashcard 149626529

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Question

clone() creates an object without [...]

Answer

without calling the constructor

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Flashcard 149626540

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Question

Programmers assume that if they extend a class and invoke super.clone from the subclass X, the returned object will be an instance of [...].

Answer

the subclass X

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Flashcard 149626551

Question

Programmers assume that if they extend a class and invoke super.clone from the subclass, the returned object will be an instance of the subclass. The only way a superclass can provide this functionality is to return an object obtained by calling [...] and have [...] obey the same rule [...] which creates [...]

Answer

super.clone() and have all the superclasses obey the same rule up till Object, which creates the object of the correct class.

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Flashcard 149626566

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Question

what does the Object's clone() method return? Describe 2 cases

Answer

it returns a copy of the object of the correct (runtime) class and copies fields as if by (assignment) = operator if actual class implements Cloneable, otherwise it throws CloneNotSupportedException.

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Flashcard 149626577

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Question

the clone architecture is incompatible with normal use of [...] fields referring to mutable objects

Answer

final

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Annotation 149626597

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Object’s clone method is declared to throw CloneNotSupportedException, but overriding clone methods can omit this declaration.

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Flashcard 149626604

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Question

what methods does Cloneable interface have?

Answer

none, not even clone() - you are expected to provide public clone() though on classes that implement Cloneable

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Article 149626615

Joshua Bloch "Effective Java"
#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Book on effective use of Java, must-read when you prepare for an interview as a Java programmer. I was reading the book and every flashcard or article I created were annotated like this: #bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #pXX, where XX is page number. The book can be found in amazon.co.uk

Flashcard 149626624

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Question

Because of its many shortcomings, some expert programmers simply choose never to override the clone() method and never to invoke it except, perhaps, to copy [...]

Answer

arrays

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Annotation 149626644

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

the same caveat applies to compareTo() as to equals(): there is no way to extend an instantiable class with a new value component while preserving the compareTo contract, unless you are willing to forgo the benefits of object-oriented abstraction

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Flashcard 149626651

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Question

What is wrong with this implementation of compareTo()?


public int compareTo(PhoneNumber pn) {
    return lineNumber - pn.lineNumber;
}

Answer

if pn.lineNumber is large and negative, int substraction can overflow silently

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Annotation 149626671

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

For top-level (non-nested) classes and interfaces, there are only two possible access levels: package-private and public.

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Flashcard 149626678

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java

Question

Why is it wrong?
public static final Thing[] VALUES = { ... };

Answer

Non-zero length arrays are always mutable

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Article 149626689

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #p109

A class or interface whose declaration has one or more type parameters is a generic class or interface.

Flashcard 149626698

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

A class or interface whose declaration has one or more [...]is a generic class or interface.

Answer

(formal) type parameters

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Open it
A class or interface whose declaration has one or more type parameters is a generic class or interface.

Flashcard 149626705

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

A class or interface whose declaration has one or more type parameters is a [...]class or interface.

Answer

generic

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Open it
A class or interface whose declaration has one or more type parameters is a generic class or interface.

Flashcard 149626721

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Generic classes and interfaces are collectively known as [...].

Answer

generic types

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Article 149626728

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #p109

Each generic type defines a set of parameterized types, which consist of the class or interface name followed by an angle-bracketed list of actual type parameters corresponding to the generic type’s formal type parameters.

Flashcard 149626737

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Each generic type defines a set of [...], which consist of the class or interface name followed by an angle-bracketed list of actual type parameters corresponding to the generic type’s formal type parameters.

Answer

parameterized types

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Each generic type defines a set of parameterized types, which consist of the class or interface name followed by an angle-bracketed list of actual type parameters corresponding to the generic type’s formal type parameters.</bo

Flashcard 149626744

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Each generic type defines a set of parameterized types, which consist of the class or interface name followed by an angle-bracketed list of [...].

Answer

actual type parameters (corresponding to the generic type’s formal type parameters)

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Article 149626755

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #p109

Each generic type defines a raw type, which is the name of the generic type used without any accompanying actual type parameters

Flashcard 149626764

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Each generic type defines a [...], which is the name of the generic type used without any accompanying actual type parameters

Answer

raw type

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Each generic type defines a raw type, which is the name of the generic type used without any accompanying actual type parameters

Flashcard 149626771

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Each generic type defines a raw type, which is the

Answer

name of the generic type used without any accompanying actual type parameters

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Each generic type defines a raw type, which is the name of the generic type used without any accompanying actual type parameters

Flashcard 149626778

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

What element can you put into Collection<?> ?

Answer

only null

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Flashcard 149626789

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

How can you use generics in class literals, e.g. XX.class or (y instanceof XX) ?

Answer

You can't. For example List<String>.class is illegal. You have to use raw types.

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Article 149626800

generics terms quick reference
#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #p115

TermExampleParameterized typeList<String>Actual type parameterStringGeneric typeList<E>Formal type parameterEUnbounded wildcard typeList<?>Raw typeListBounded type parameter<E extends Number>Recursive type bound<T extends Comparable<T>>Bounded wildcard typeList<? extends Number>Generic method static<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)Type tokenString.class

Flashcard 149626809

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Term	Example
[...]	List<String>
Actual type parameter	String
Generic type	List<E>
Formal type parameter	E
Unbounded wildcard type	List<?>
Raw type	List
Bounded type parameter	<E extends Number>
Recursive type bound	<T extends Comparable<T>>
Bounded wildcard type	List<? extends Number>
Generic method static	<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)
Type token	String.class

Answer

Parameterized type

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generics terms quick reference
TermExampleParameterized typeListActual type parameterStringGeneric typeListFormal type parameterEUnbounded wildcard typeListRaw typeListBounded type parameterRecursive type bound>Bounded wildcard typeListGeneric

Flashcard 149626816

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Term	Example
Parameterized type	List<String>
[...]	String
Generic type	List<E>
Formal type parameter	E
Unbounded wildcard type	List<?>
Raw type	List
Bounded type parameter	<E extends Number>
Recursive type bound	<T extends Comparable<T>>
Bounded wildcard type	List<? extends Number>
Generic method static	<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)
Type token	String.class

Answer

Actual type parameter

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Flashcard 149626823

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Term	Example
Parameterized type	List<String>
Actual type parameter	String
[...]	List<E>
Formal type parameter	E
Unbounded wildcard type	List<?>
Raw type	List
Bounded type parameter	<E extends Number>
Recursive type bound	<T extends Comparable<T>>
Bounded wildcard type	List<? extends Number>
Generic method static	<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)
Type token	String.class

Answer

Generic type

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Flashcard 149626830

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Term	Example
Parameterized type	List<String>
Actual type parameter	String
Generic type	List<E>
[...]	E
Unbounded wildcard type	List<?>
Raw type	List
Bounded type parameter	<E extends Number>
Recursive type bound	<T extends Comparable<T>>
Bounded wildcard type	List<? extends Number>
Generic method static	<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)
Type token	String.class

Answer

Formal type parameter

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 149626837

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Term	Example
Parameterized type	List<String>
Actual type parameter	String
Generic type	List<E>
Formal type parameter	E
[...]	List<?>
Raw type	List
Bounded type parameter	<E extends Number>
Recursive type bound	<T extends Comparable<T>>
Bounded wildcard type	List<? extends Number>
Generic method static	<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)
Type token	String.class

Answer

Unbounded wildcard type

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 149626844

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Term	Example
Parameterized type	List<String>
Actual type parameter	String
Generic type	List<E>
Formal type parameter	E
Unbounded wildcard type	List<?>
[...]	List
Bounded type parameter	<E extends Number>
Recursive type bound	<T extends Comparable<T>>
Bounded wildcard type	List<? extends Number>
Generic method static	<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)
Type token	String.class

Answer

Raw type

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 149626851

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Term	Example
Parameterized type	List<String>
Actual type parameter	String
Generic type	List<E>
Formal type parameter	E
Unbounded wildcard type	List<?>
Raw type	List
[...]	<E extends Number>
Recursive type bound	<T extends Comparable<T>>
Bounded wildcard type	List<? extends Number>
Generic method static	<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)
Type token	String.class

Answer

Bounded type parameter

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 149626858

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Term	Example
Parameterized type	List<String>
Actual type parameter	String
Generic type	List<E>
Formal type parameter	E
Unbounded wildcard type	List<?>
Raw type	List
Bounded type parameter	<E extends Number>
[...]	<T extends Comparable<T>>
Bounded wildcard type	List<? extends Number>
Generic method static	<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)
Type token	String.class

Answer

Recursive type bound

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 149626865

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Term	Example
Parameterized type	List<String>
Actual type parameter	String
Generic type	List<E>
Formal type parameter	E
Unbounded wildcard type	List<?>
Raw type	List
Bounded type parameter	<E extends Number>
Recursive type bound	<T extends Comparable<T>>
[...]	List<? extends Number>
Generic method static	<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)
Type token	String.class

Answer

Bounded wildcard type

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 149626872

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Term	Example
Parameterized type	List<String>
Actual type parameter	String
Generic type	List<E>
Formal type parameter	E
Unbounded wildcard type	List<?>
Raw type	List
Bounded type parameter	<E extends Number>
Recursive type bound	<T extends Comparable<T>>
Bounded wildcard type	List<? extends Number>
[...]	<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)
Type token	String.class

Answer

Generic method static

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

generics terms quick reference
tml>TermExampleParameterized typeListActual type parameterStringGeneric typeListFormal type parameterEUnbounded wildcard typeListRaw typeListBounded type parameterRecursive type bound>Bounded wildcard typeListGeneric method static List asList(E[] a)Type tokenString.class<html>

Flashcard 149626879

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

Term	Example
Parameterized type	List<String>
Actual type parameter	String
Generic type	List<E>
Formal type parameter	E
Unbounded wildcard type	List<?>
Raw type	List
Bounded type parameter	<E extends Number>
Recursive type bound	<T extends Comparable<T>>
Bounded wildcard type	List<? extends Number>
Generic method static	<E> List<E> asList(E[] a)
[...]	String.class

Answer

Type token

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

generics terms quick reference
xampleParameterized typeListActual type parameterStringGeneric typeListFormal type parameterEUnbounded wildcard typeListRaw typeListBounded type parameterRecursive type bound>Bounded wildcard typeListGeneric method static List asList(E[] a)Type tokenString.class<body><html>

Flashcard 149626886

Tags

#bloch-effective-java-2ed #java #java-generics

Question

How to cast raw type Set to typesafe Set using generics?


if (o instanceof Set) { // Raw type
  // here
}

Answer

Use unbounded wildcard type:


if (o instanceof Set) { // Raw type
  Set<?> m = (Set<?>) o; // Wildcard type
  // rest of the code
}

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

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