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Annotation 5871119240460

What means „Interactive“ ? • Camera control • Object / player control • Object modeling • Virtual reality / simulation

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Flashcard 5871129988364

Question

What means „Interactive“ ?

• [1] control

• [2] control

• Object [3]

• [4] / [5]

Answer

[1] Camera

[2] Object / player

[3] modeling

[4] Virtual reality [5] simulation

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What means „Interactive“ ? • Camera control • Object / player control • Object modeling • Virtual reality / simulation

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• What means "interactive computer graphics"? • Generation of animated images of 3D virtual worlds fast enough to allow for interaction • Interactive: ~10+ fps (frames per second) • Real-time: 60+ fps, VR: 2x90 fps → as fast as the display allows

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Flashcard 5871134706956

Question

• What means "interactive computer graphics"?

• [1] of animated images of 3D virtual worlds fast enough to [2]

• Interactive: [3] fps (frames per second)

• Real-time: [4] fps, VR: [5] fps → as fast as [6]

Answer

[1] Generation [2] allow for interaction

[3] ~10+

4] 60+ [5] 2x90 [6] the display allows

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• What means "interactive computer graphics"? • Generation of animated images of 3D virtual worlds fast enough to allow for interaction • Interactive: ~10+ fps (frames per second) • Real-time: 60+ fps, VR: 2x90 fps → as fast as the display allo

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Flashcard 5871144930572

Tags

#has-images

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Annotation 5871148862732

• Full-HD resolution: 2 mio pixels

• 60 fps → 120 mio pixels/second

• RGBA+depth = 8 byte/pixel → 1 GB/second of data

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Flashcard 5871150435596

Question

• Full-HD resolution: [1] pixels

• 60 fps → [2] pixels/second

• RGBA+depth = 8 byte/pixel → [3] of data

Answer

[1] 2 mio [2] 120 mio [3] 1 GB/second

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• Full-HD resolution: 2 mio pixels • 60 fps → 120 mio pixels/second • RGBA+depth = 8 byte/pixel → 1 GB/second of data

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Annotation 5871153057036

• Requires dedicated hardware • but can be parallelized well

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Flashcard 5871154629900

Question

• Requires [1]

• but can [2]

Answer

[1] dedicated hardware

[2] be parallelized well

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• Requires dedicated hardware • but can be parallelized well

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Annotation 5871157775628

• Graphics development always went hand in hand with computing hardware development

• But has also impact to other disciplines: Todays advances in machine learning only become possible with GPUs

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Flashcard 5871160134924

Question

• Graphics development always went hand in hand with [1]

• But has also impact to other disciplines: Todays advances in [2] only become possible with GPUs

Answer

[1] computing hardware development

[2] machine learning

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• Graphics development always went hand in hand with computing hardware development • But has also impact to other disciplines: Todays advances in machine learning only become possible with GPUs

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Flashcard 5871165639948

Tags

#has-images

[unknown IMAGE Atari Pong 1972]

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Flashcard 5871174552844

Tags

#has-images

Question

Pipeline of Commodore 64

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Annotation 5871181106444

• Commodore 64 (1982): CPU writes frame buffer, graphics chip generates video signal

• 1 MHz, 8 bit processor

• Games possible due to Sprites

→ small binary images with 24x21 pixels

→ can be positioned freely on screen

→ handled by graphics chip

→ also generates collision events

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Flashcard 5871183990028

Question

• Commodore 64 (1982): CPU [1], graphics chip [2]

• 1 MHz, 8 bit processor

• Games possible due to [3]

→ small [4] with 24x21 pixels

→ can be positioned [5]

→ handled by [6]

→ also generates [7]

Answer

[1] writes frame buffer [2] generates video signal

[3] Sprites

[4] binary images

[5] freely on screen

[6] graphics chip

[7] collision events

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• Commodore 64 (1982): CPU writes frame buffer, graphics chip generates video signal • 1 MHz, 8 bit processor • Games possible due to Sprites → small binary images with 24x21 pixels → can be positioned freely on screen → handled by

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Flashcard 5871188970764

Tags

#has-images

Answer

Atari ST (1985)

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Flashcard 5871193951500

Tags

#has-images

Question

Pipeline of Atari ST

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Annotation 5871197359372

Atari ST (1985): GPU supports simple 2D graphics operations (bit block transfer), as needed for windows, menues etc.

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Flashcard 5871199718668

Question

Atari ST (1985): GPU supports simple [1], as needed for [2]

Answer

[1] 2D graphics operations (bit block transfer) [2] windows, menues etc.

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Atari ST (1985): GPU supports simple 2D graphics operations (bit block transfer), as needed for windows, menues etc.

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Flashcard 5871205747980

Tags

#has-images

Answer

SGI Indy (1993)

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Annotation 5871208893708

• Atari Pong 1972

• Discrete logic (no CPU)

• 66 Chips

• 455x262 pixels

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Flashcard 5871211253004

Question

• Atari Pong 1972

• [...] logic (no CPU)

• 66 Chips

• 455x262 pixels

Answer

Discrete

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• Atari Pong 1972 • Discrete logic (no CPU) • 66 Chips • 455x262 pixels

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Flashcard 5871216233740

Tags

#has-images

Question

Pipeline of SGI Indy

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Annotation 5871221476620

• SGI O2 (1996):

video hardware for rasterization and transformations

→ GPU (graphics processing unit)

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Flashcard 5871223835916

Question

• SGI O2 (1996):

video hardware for [1]

→ [2]

Answer

[1] rasterization and transformations

[2] GPU (graphics processing unit)

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• SGI O2 (1996): video hardware for rasterization and transformations → GPU (graphics processing unit)

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Flashcard 5871227243788

Tags

#has-images

Answer

SGI O2 (1996)

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Flashcard 5871230127372

Tags

#has-images

Question

Pipeline of SGI O2

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Flashcard 5871235894540

Tags

#has-images

Answer

Commodore 64 (1982)

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Annotation 5871237205260

SGI Indy (1993): special chip for rasterization of triangles (Gouraud shading, no textures)

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Flashcard 5871238778124

Question

SGI Indy (1993): special chip for [1] (Gouraud shading, no textures)

Answer

[1] rasterization of triangles

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SGI Indy (1993): special chip for rasterization of triangles (Gouraud shading, no textures)

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Annotation 5871241137420

• SGI Onyx, nVidia GeForce2...

GPU does entire pipeline including texturing

• fixed function pipeline: each stage has fixed functionality, but can be configured

e.g.: only Phong-Lighting, but colors and light positions can be set

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Flashcard 5871243496716

Question

• SGI Onyx, nVidia GeForce2...

GPU does [1] including [2]

• fixed function pipeline: each stage has [3], but can [4]

e.g.: only Phong-Lighting, but [5] can be set

Answer

[1] entire pipeline [2] texturing

[3] fixed functionality [4] be configured

[5] colors and light positions

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• SGI Onyx, nVidia GeForce2... GPU does entire pipeline including texturing • fixed function pipeline: each stage has fixed functionality, but can be configured e.g.: only Phong-Lighting, but colors and light positions can be set </sp

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Flashcard 5871249001740

Tags

#has-images

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Annotation 5871253196044

Until 200x: Fixed Function Pipeline

• Configuration

• By matrix

• By Lighting parameter (Blinn-Phong model)

• By texturing parameters

• Configurable, but no real programming of the GPU

• Most new features by OpenGL extensions

• Portable programming very difficult

• Very short innovation cycles

• High costs for industry

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Flashcard 5871257652492

Question

Until 200x: Fixed Function Pipeline

• Configuration

• By [1]

• By [2] (Blinn-Phong model)

• By [3]

• [5], but [6] of the GPU

• Most new features by [7]

• [8] very difficult

• Very short [9]

• High [10] for industry

Answer

[1] matrix

[2] Lighting parameter

[3] texturing parameters

[5] Configurable [6] no real programming

[7] OpenGL extensions

[8] Portable programming

[9] innovation cycles

[10] costs

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Until 200x: Fixed Function Pipeline • Configuration • By matrix • By Lighting parameter (Blinn-Phong model) • By texturing parameters • Configurable, but no real programming of the GPU • Most new features by OpenGL extensions • Portable programming

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Annotation 5871260011788

Until 200x: Fixed Function Pipeline

• Trend to unification: make pipeline programmable

• Upload code to GPU

• C-like languages

• Vendor independent

• Libraries of effects

• Cg (C for graphics)

• GLSL (OpenGL Shading Language)

• HLSL (high level shading language)

• …

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Flashcard 5871262371084

Question

Until 200x: Fixed Function Pipeline

• Trend to unification: make pipeline [1]

• [2] code to GPU

• [3] languages

• [4] independent

• Libraries of [5]

• Cg ([6])

• GLSL ([7])

• HLSL ([8])

• …

Answer

[1] programmable

[2] Upload

[3] C-like

[4] Vendor

[5] effects

[6] C for graphics

[7] OpenGL Shading Language

[8] high level shading language

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Annotation 5871356218636

#artificial-intelligence #geb #goedel-escher-bach #hofstadter

Hofstadter's Law: It always takes longer than you expect, even when you take into account Hofstadter's Law

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Annotation 5871357267212

#artificial-intelligence #geb #goedel-escher-bach #hofstadter

recursively enumerable set. For a set to be r.e. means that it can be generated from a set of starting points (axioms), by the repeated applica tion of rules of inference.

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Edited, memorised or added to reading queue

on 05-Oct-2020 (Mon)

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