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Flashcard 1431699066124

Tags
#cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #microeconomics #reading-14-demand-and-supply-analysis-consumer-demand #section-3-utility-theory #study-session-4
Question
Because of the [...], no two indifference curves for a given consumer can ever cross.
Answer
transitivity assumption

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Because of the transitivity assumption, no two indifference curves for a given consumer can ever cross.

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3. UTILITY THEORY: MODELING PREFERENCES AND TASTES
presents the consumer’s utility function. Any curve above and to the right represents a higher level of utility. Because of the completeness assumption, there will be one indifference curve passing through every point in the set. <span>Because of the transitivity assumption, no two indifference curves for a given consumer can ever cross. Exhibit 4 shows why. If bundle a and bundle b lie on the same indifference curve, the consumer must be indifferent between the two. If a and c lie on the same indifference curve, she mu







Flashcard 1602966916364

Tags
#analyst-notes #cfa-level-1 #financial-reporting-and-analysis #reading-26-understanding-balance-sheets
Question
What is typically the starting place for analyzing a company?
Answer
the balance sheet

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Subject 1. Components and Format of the Balance Sheet
The starting place for analyzing a company is typically the balance sheet. Think of the balance sheet as a photo of the business at a specific point in time. It presents the assets, liabilities, and equity ownership of a company as of a specific date. A







Flashcard 1644412144908

Tags
#reading-8-statistical-concepts-and-market-returns
Question

To compute the sample semivariance, for example, we take the following steps:

  1. Calculate the sample mean.

  2. [...] .

  3. Compute the sum of the squared negative deviations from the mean.

  4. Divide the sum from Step iii by [...] .

Answer
Identify the observations that are smaller than or equal to the mean (discarding observations greater than the mean)

the total sample size minus 1: n − 1

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Flashcard 1649007004940

Tags
#reading-9-probability-concepts
Question
The multinomial formula with two different labels (k = 2) is especially important. This special case is called the [...]
Answer
combination formula.

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Flashcard 1652129402124

Tags
#reading-9-probability-concepts
Question
A listing in which the order DOES matter is known as a [...]
Answer
permutation

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Subject 10. Principles of Counting
(The combination formula, or the binomial formula): For example, if you select two of the ten stocks you are analyzing, how many ways can you select the stocks? 10! / [(10 - 2)! x 2!] = 45. <span>An ordered listing is known as a permutation, and the formula that counts the number of permutations is known as the permutation formula. The number of ways that we can choose r objects from a total of n objects, where the order i







Flashcard 1652376866060

Tags
#reading-9-probability-concepts
Question
The multinomial formula with two different labels (k = 2) is called the [...]
Answer
combination formula or binominal formula

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Multinominal formula
A mutual fund guide ranked 18 bond mutual funds by total returns for the year 2014. The guide also assigned each fund one of five risk labels: high risk (four funds), above-average risk (four funds), average risk (t







Stetkevych assumes familiarity with and acceptance of his approach to Arabic poetry, which is in part anthropological. His interpretations are also marked by a formalist inflection of the principle that essence lies in origins.
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Presubmission inquiries allow you to ask several editors from different journals at the same time whether your paper might be something they would be interested in seeing
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To quote Vivian Siegel, ?Treat editors as your colleagues and they will become your advocates
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Who lives within the Empire belongs to the people of God; who lives outside has not attained to full humanity. By zantium is the civilized world, the oikoumene; the regions beyond are eremos, desert. 3
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Islam divides the world into regions under its control, the ddr al-Isldm, and regions not subjected as yet, the ddr al-harb. Between this "area of warfare" and the Mushm-dominated part of the world there can be no peace. Practical considerations may induce the Muslim leaders to conclude an armistice, but the obligation to conquer and, if possible, convert never lapses. Nor can territory once under Muslim rule be lawfully yielded to the unbeliever. Legal theory has gone so far as to define as ddr al~ Isldm any area where at least one Muslim custom is still observed. Thanks to this concept, the waging of war acquires religious merit. The Muslim community is under an obligation to combat the infidel.
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Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia is the most likely cause of this patient's jejunal wall thickening and dilation, ongoing hypotension, fever, and abdominal pain.
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Flashcard 1652934184204

Question
[...] is the most likely cause of this patient's jejunal wall thickening and dilation, ongoing hypotension, fever, and abdominal pain.
Answer
Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia

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Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia is the most likely cause of this patient's jejunal wall thickening and dilation, ongoing hypotension, fever, and abdominal pain.

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Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia is caused by decreased mesenteric perfusion in low-flow states such as heart failure, sepsis, profound hypotension, or hypovolemia. It may also occur with use of vasoactive medications such as vasopressors, ergots, triptans, cocaine, and digitalis.
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Flashcard 1652937854220

Question
Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia is caused by decreased mesenteric perfusion in low-flow states such as [...]. It may also occur with use of vasoactive medications such as vasopressors, ergots, triptans, cocaine, and digitalis.
Answer
heart failure, sepsis, profound hypotension, or hypovolemia

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Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia is caused by decreased mesenteric perfusion in low-flow states such as heart failure, sepsis, profound hypotension, or hypovolemia. It may also occur with use of vasoactive medications such as vasopressors, ergots, triptans, cocaine, and digitalis.

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Patients with cirrhotic-stage liver disease and a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score of 15 or greater have better survival with liver transplantation than without.
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Flashcard 1652941786380

Question
Patients with cirrhotic-stage liver disease and a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score of [...] or greater have better survival with liver transplantation than without.
Answer
15

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Patients with cirrhotic-stage liver disease and a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score of 15 or greater have better survival with liver transplantation than without.

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Patients with MELD scores greater than 10 are at risk of hepatic decompensation and mortality from any surgery, and especially with higher-risk surgeries such as a surgical portosystemic shunt
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Flashcard 1652945194252

Question
Patients with MELD scores greater than [...] are at risk of hepatic decompensation and mortality from any surgery, and especially with higher-risk surgeries such as a surgical portosystemic shunt
Answer
10

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Patients with MELD scores greater than 10 are at risk of hepatic decompensation and mortality from any surgery, and especially with higher-risk surgeries such as a surgical portosystemic shunt

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a TIPS is contraindicated in patients with MELD scores greater than 15 to 18 or serum bilirubin levels greater than 4 mg/dL (68.4 µmol/L), owing to high risk of mortality.
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Flashcard 1652948602124

Question
a TIPS is contraindicated in patients with MELD scores greater than [...] or serum bilirubin levels greater than 4 mg/dL (68.4 µmol/L), owing to high risk of mortality.
Answer
15 to 18

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a TIPS is contraindicated in patients with MELD scores greater than 15 to 18 or serum bilirubin levels greater than 4 mg/dL (68.4 µmol/L), owing to high risk of mortality.

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Flashcard 1652950437132

Question
a TIPS is contraindicated in patients with MELD scores greater than 15 to 18 or serum bilirubin levels greater than [...] µmol/L), owing to high risk of mortality.
Answer
4 mg/dL (68.4

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a TIPS is contraindicated in patients with MELD scores greater than 15 to 18 or serum bilirubin levels greater than 4 mg/dL (68.4 µmol/L), owing to high risk of mortality.

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Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely performed during pregnancy, particularly in the second trimester.
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Flashcard 1652954369292

Question
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely performed during pregnancy, particularly in the [...] trimester.
Answer
second

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Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely performed during pregnancy, particularly in the second trimester.

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Bile acid dissolution therapy is expensive, requires long-term multiple daily dosing, necessitates repeated ultrasonography, and has a potential long-term risk for cancer in the remaining gallbladder. Finally, most nonsurgical therapies for gallstones are contraindicated in pregnant patients.
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Flashcard 1652957515020

Question
Bile acid dissolution therapy is [...], requires long-term multiple daily dosing, necessitates repeated ultrasonography, and has a potential long-term risk for cancer in the remaining gallbladder. Finally, most nonsurgical therapies for gallstones are contraindicated in pregnant patients.
Answer
expensive

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Bile acid dissolution therapy is expensive, requires long-term multiple daily dosing, necessitates repeated ultrasonography, and has a potential long-term risk for cancer in the remaining gallbladder. Finally, most nonsurgica

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Flashcard 1652959087884

Question
Bile acid dissolution therapy is expensive, requires long-term multiple daily dosing, necessitates repeated ultrasonography, and has a potential long-term risk for [...] in the remaining gallbladder. Finally, most nonsurgical therapies for gallstones are contraindicated in pregnant patients.
Answer
cancer

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Bile acid dissolution therapy is expensive, requires long-term multiple daily dosing, necessitates repeated ultrasonography, and has a potential long-term risk for cancer in the remaining gallbladder. Finally, most nonsurgical therapies for gallstones are contraindicated in pregnant patients.

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Flashcard 1652960660748

Question
Bile acid dissolution therapy is expensive, requires long-term multiple daily dosing, necessitates repeated ultrasonography, and has a potential long-term risk for cancer in the remaining gallbladder. Finally, most nonsurgical therapies for gallstones are [...] in pregnant patients.
Answer
contraindicated

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tion therapy is expensive, requires long-term multiple daily dosing, necessitates repeated ultrasonography, and has a potential long-term risk for cancer in the remaining gallbladder. Finally, most nonsurgical therapies for gallstones are <span>contraindicated in pregnant patients.<span><body><html>

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Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is reserved for patients with symptomatic gallstones who are poor candidates for surgery and in those patients with bile duct stones that are refractory to removal at ERCP owing to large size.
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Flashcard 1652964330764

Question
Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is reserved for patients with [...] and in those patients with bile duct stones that are refractory to removal at ERCP owing to large size.
Answer
symptomatic gallstones who are poor candidates for surgery

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Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is reserved for patients with symptomatic gallstones who are poor candidates for surgery and in those patients with bile duct stones that are refractory to removal at ERCP owing to large size.

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Peptic ulcer disease is the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding
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Flashcard 1652968262924

Question
[...] disease is the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Answer
Peptic ulcer

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Peptic ulcer disease is the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding

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This patient has upper GIB, which is predicted based on four aspects of his presentation: hematemesis, melena detected on physical examination, absence of blood clots in the stool, and an elevated blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (>30).
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Flashcard 1652971408652

Question
This patient has upper GIB, which is predicted based on four aspects of his presentation: hematemesis, melena detected on physical examination, absence of [...] in the stool, and an elevated blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (>30).
Answer
blood clots

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This patient has upper GIB, which is predicted based on four aspects of his presentation: hematemesis, melena detected on physical examination, absence of blood clots in the stool, and an elevated blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (>30).

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Flashcard 1652972981516

Question
This patient has upper GIB, which is predicted based on four aspects of his presentation: hematemesis, melena detected on physical examination, absence of blood clots in the stool, and an elevated blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (>[...]).
Answer
30

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is patient has upper GIB, which is predicted based on four aspects of his presentation: hematemesis, melena detected on physical examination, absence of blood clots in the stool, and an elevated blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (><span>30).<span><body><html>

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The most common causes of upper GIB are peptic ulcer disease (34%), esophageal varices (33%), esophagitis (8%), and Mallory-Weiss tear (6%).
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Flashcard 1652976389388

Question
The most common causes of upper GIB are peptic ulcer disease (34%), esophageal [...] (33%), esophagitis (8%), and Mallory-Weiss tear (6%).
Answer
varices

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The most common causes of upper GIB are peptic ulcer disease (34%), esophageal varices (33%), esophagitis (8%), and Mallory-Weiss tear (6%).

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