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Flashcard 4789163396364

Tags
#Cardiologie #Médecine #Physiologie #Rythmologie
Question

Anti-arythmic drugs

By blocking catecholamine and sympathetically mediated actions, beta blockers [...] the effective refractory period of the AV node.

Answer

increase

They also slow the rate of discharge of the sinus and ectopic pacemakers


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By blocking catecholamine and sympathetically mediated actions, beta blockers slow the rate of discharge of the sinus and ectopic pacemakers, and increase the effective refractory period of the AV node. They also slow both antegrade and retrograde conduction in anomalous pathways [18 ]. Carvedilol is a beta-blocker with unique additional

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celeration of phase 0 upstroke velocity or the rate of membrane depolarization. ●An increase in delayed afterpotentials, especially when the cell is calcium loaded, such as in digoxin toxicity. <span>By blocking catecholamine and sympathetically mediated actions, beta blockers slow the rate of discharge of the sinus and ectopic pacemakers, and increase the effective refractory period of the AV node. They also slow both antegrade and retrograde conduction in anomalous pathways [18]. Carvedilol is a beta-blocker with unique additional properties. In addition to beta- and alpha-adrenergic blockade, carvedilol can also block potassium (KCNH2, formerly HERG), calcium, and sodium currents and modestly prolong APD. However, when administered chronically, carvedilol increases the number of these channels, which is probably a favorable effect in diseased hearts [19]. The most recent classification (table 2 and table 3) expands the definition of class II to include "autonomic inhibitors and activators," with subclass IIa as beta adrenergic blockers s






Flashcard 4789166542092

Tags
#Cardiologie #Médecine #Physiologie #Rythmologie
Question
What are the accessory effects of CARVEDILOL ? (In addition to beta- and alpha-adrenergic blockade) (4)
Answer
Carvedilol can also block potassium (KCNH2, formerly HERG), calcium, and sodium currents and modestly prolong APD

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so slow both antegrade and retrograde conduction in anomalous pathways [18 ]. Carvedilol is a beta-blocker with unique additional properties. In addition to beta- and alpha-adrenergic blockade, <span>carvedilol can also block potassium (KCNH2, formerly HERG), calcium, and sodium currents and modestly prolong APD. However, when administered chronically, carvedilol increases the number of these channels, which is probably a favorable effect in diseased hearts [19 ]. <span>

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celeration of phase 0 upstroke velocity or the rate of membrane depolarization. ●An increase in delayed afterpotentials, especially when the cell is calcium loaded, such as in digoxin toxicity. <span>By blocking catecholamine and sympathetically mediated actions, beta blockers slow the rate of discharge of the sinus and ectopic pacemakers, and increase the effective refractory period of the AV node. They also slow both antegrade and retrograde conduction in anomalous pathways [18]. Carvedilol is a beta-blocker with unique additional properties. In addition to beta- and alpha-adrenergic blockade, carvedilol can also block potassium (KCNH2, formerly HERG), calcium, and sodium currents and modestly prolong APD. However, when administered chronically, carvedilol increases the number of these channels, which is probably a favorable effect in diseased hearts [19]. The most recent classification (table 2 and table 3) expands the definition of class II to include "autonomic inhibitors and activators," with subclass IIa as beta adrenergic blockers s






Flashcard 4789172047116

Tags
#Immunologie #Médecine #Physiologie
Question
Beyond providing early defense against infections, give another role of Innate Immune response :
Answer

Innate immune response enhances adaptive immune response against the infectious agents


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the proteins of the complement system. All these mechanisms of innate immunity spe- cifically recognize and react against microbes. In addition to providing early defense against infec- tions, <span>innate immune responses enhance adaptive immune responses against the infectious agents <span>

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Annotation 4806533319948

Haitham bin Tariq Al Said (Arabic: هيثم بن طارق آل سعيد ‎; born 13 October 1954)[1] is the
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Haitham bin Tariq Al Said - Wikipedia
aid Bilarab bin Haitham Al-Said Thuraya bint Haitham Al-Said Omaima bint Haitham Al-Said House Al Said Father Tariq bin Taimur [ar ] Mother Shawana bint Hamud Al-Busaidiyah Religion Ibadi Islam <span>Haitham bin Tariq Al Said (Arabic : هيثم بن طارق آل سعيد‎; born 13 October 1954)[1] is the sultan of Oman , having succeeded his cousin Qaboos bin Said on 11 January 2020.[2] He previously served as Minister of Heritage and Culture in the Sultanate of Oman. [3][4] Contents 1



Flashcard 4806534892812

Question
[default - edit me]
Answer
sultan of Oman

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Haitham bin Tariq Al Said - Wikipedia
use Al Said Father Tariq bin Taimur [ar ] Mother Shawana bint Hamud Al-Busaidiyah Religion Ibadi Islam Haitham bin Tariq Al Said (Arabic : هيثم بن طارق آل سعيد‎; born 13 October 1954)[1] is the <span>sultan of Oman , having succeeded his cousin Qaboos bin Said on 11 January 2020.[2] He previously served as Minister of Heritage and Culture in the Sultanate of Oman. [3][4] Contents 1 Biography 2 Rol