on 03-Jan-2021 (Sun)

THE CONCEPT AND DEFINITION OF ‘CONTEMPT OF COURT’

Contempt in its simple literal meaning is disgrace, scorn or disobedience.

If administration of justice has to be effective, respect for its administration has to be fostered and maintained

The result is that there are contempts and contempts ranging from mere disobedience to orders of court and involving only a wrong of a private nature as between the parties to a suit at one end and contempts involving physical violence or large-scale blackmail or mudslinging by means of publication 7 on the judge at other end.

C. burnetii has a cell wall similar to that of Gram-negative bacteria. However, this small coccobacillus (0.2 to 0.4 μm wide and 0.4 to 1 μm long) is not stainable with the Gram technique

The estimated doubling time of the bacterium is between 20 and 45 h in in vitro cell culture (7). It is an intracellular pathogen, replicating in eukaryotic cells. Its vacuole of replication progressively acquires phagolysosome-like characteristics, such as an acidic pH, acid hydrolysates, and cationic peptides

Two forms of this microorganism can be observed, corresponding to a biphasic developmental cycle. The large-cell variant (LCV) of the bacterium is an exponentially replicating form, whereas the small-cell variant (SCV) is a stationary nonreplicating form (10). SCVs are small rods (0.2 to 0.5 μm long) characterized by condensed chromatin, a thick envelope, and an unusual internal membrane system. LCVs have a larger size (>0.5 μm), a dispersed chromatin, and an envelope similar to that of classical Gram-negative bacteria. SCVs are typical of the stationary phase. They are observed after prolonged culture (21 days) in Vero cells and in axenic acidified cysteine citrate medium 2 (ACCM2) (11). SCVs are stable in the environment and are highly resistant to osmotic, mechanical, chemical, heat, and desiccation stresses. These properties led to the adoption of a high temperature (71.7°C) for pasteurization in the 1950s (12)

Also, SCVs show an unusually high number of cross-links in their peptidoglycan, which probably are involved in their exceptional environmental resistance (10). They can survive for 7 to 10 months on wool at ambient temperature, for more than 1 month on fresh meat, and for more than 40 months in milk (7). Although the SCVs are destroyed by 2% formaldehyde, they have been isolated from tissues stored in formaldehyde for 4 to 5 months (7).

The high virulence of C. burnetii, the possibility of its aerosolization, and its environmental stability and have led the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to classify this bacterium as a category B biological threat agent

The assertion at the end of the sequence is called the conclusion, and the preceding statements are called premises.

A statement (or proposition) is a sentence that is true or false but not both.

In logic, the words sentence, true, andfalse are the initial undefined terms.