# on 12-Sep-2017 (Tue)

#### Flashcard 1435531611404

Tags
#cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #introduction #lol #microeconomics #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm #study-session-4
Question
The main focus of this reading is the [...] equation for companies competing in market economies under [...]
cost side of the profit

perfect competition.

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#### Parent (intermediate) annotation

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The main focus of this reading is the cost side of the profit equation for companies competing in market economies under perfect competition.

#### Original toplevel document

1. INTRODUCTION
ined by the demand and supply behavior in the markets into which the firm sells/provides its goods or services. Costs are a function of the demand and supply interactions in resource markets, such as markets for labor and for physical inputs. <span>The main focus of this reading is the cost side of the profit equation for companies competing in market economies under perfect competition. A subsequent reading will examine the different types of markets into which a firm may sell its output. The study of the profit-maximizing firm in a single time period is t

#### Flashcard 1471271275788

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Question
Suppose Gewicht announces that a debt-to-equity ratio of 0.7 reflects its target capital structure. What weights should Anziell use in the cost of capital calculations?
A debt-to-equity ratio of 0.7 represents a weight on debt of 0.7/1.7 = 0.4118 so that wd = 0.4118 and we = 1 − 0.4118 = 0.5882. These would be the preferred weights to use in a cost of capital calculation.

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#### Flashcard 1602207485196

Tags
#cfa-level-1 #eps #financial-reporting-and-analysis #understanding-income-statement
Question

Basic EPS =

Net income − [...]
_________________________________________

[...]

Preferred dividends

Weighted average number of shares outstanding

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#### Parent (intermediate) annotation

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g over a period. The amount of income available to common shareholders is the amount of net income remaining after preferred dividends (if any) have been paid. Thus, the formula to calculate basic EPS is: Equation (1)  <span>Basic EPS = Net income − Preferred dividends _________________________________________ Weighted average number of shares outstanding The weighted average number of shares outstanding is a time weighting of common shares outstanding. For example, assume a company began the year with 2,000,000

#### Original toplevel document

Earnings Per Share
income) from continuing operations.46 Similar presentation is required under US GAAP.47 This section outlines the calculations for EPS and explains how the calculation differs for a simple versus complex capital structure. <span>Simple versus Complex Capital Structure A company’s capital is composed of its equity and debt. Some types of equity have preference over others, and some debt (and other instruments) may be converted into equity. Under IFRS, the type of equity for which EPS is presented is referred to as ordinary. Ordinary shares are those equity shares that are subordinate to all other types of equity. The ordinary shareholders are basically the owners of the company—the equity holders who are paid last in a liquidation of the company and who benefit the most when the company does well. Under US GAAP, this ordinary equity is referred to as common stock or common shares , reflecting US language usage. The terms “ordinary shares,” “common stock,” and “common shares” are used interchangeably in the following discussion. When a company has issued any financial instruments that are potentially convertible into common stock, it is said to have a complex capital structure. Examples of financial instruments that are potentially convertible into common stock include convertible bonds, convertible preferred stock, employee stock options, and warrants.48 If a company’s capital structure does not include such potentially convertible financial instruments, it is said to have a simple capital structure. The distinction between simple versus complex capital structure is relevant to the calculation of EPS because financial instruments that are potentially convertible into common stock could, as a result of conversion or exercise, potentially dilute (i.e., decrease) EPS. Information about such a potential dilution is valuable to a company’s current and potential shareholders; therefore, accounting standards require companies to disclose what their EPS would be if all dilutive financial instruments were converted into common stock. The EPS that would result if all dilutive financial instruments were converted is called diluted EPS . In contrast, basic EPS is calculated using the reported earnings available to common shareholders of the parent company and the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Companies are required to report both basic and diluted EPS. For example, Danone reported basic EPS (“before dilution”) and diluted EPS (“after dilution”) of €2.57 for 2009, somewhat lower than 2008. Kraft reported basic EPS of $2.04 and diluted EPS of$2.03 for 2009, much higher than basic and diluted EPS (from continuing operations) of $1.22 and$1.21 for 2008. (The EPS information appears at the bottom of Danone’s and Kraft’s income statements.) An analyst would try to determine the causes underlying the changes in EPS, a topic we will address following an explanation of the calculations of both basic and diluted EPS. <span><body><html>

#### Flashcard 1625118346508

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Question
Present value of a regular annuity

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Subject 4. The Future Value and Present Value of a Series of Equal Cash Flows (Ordinary Annuities, Annuity Dues, and Perpetuities)
he end of each period. Future value of a regular annuity where A = annuity amount N = number of regular annuity payments r = interest rate per period <span>Present value of a regular annuity Annuity due has a first cash flow that is paid immediately (indexed at t = 0). In other words, the payments occur at the beginning of

#### Flashcard 1636628040972

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Question
The sum of the absolute deviations of each number from the median is [...] than the sum of absolute deviations from any other number.
lower

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Subject 4. Measures of Center Tendency
The median is less sensitive to extreme scores than the mean. This makes it a better measure than the mean for highly skewed distributions. Looking at median income is usually more informative than looking at mean income, for example. <span>The sum of the absolute deviations of each number from the median is lower than the sum of absolute deviations from any other number. Note that whenever you calculate a median, it is imperative that you place the data in order first. It does not matter whether you order the data from smallest to largest o

#### Flashcard 1644479778060

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Question

spread from or as if from a central point.

ray

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Tags
#exponents
Question

### ym * yn = [...]

y(n+m)

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#### Flashcard 1647861959948

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Question
The variance of one variable, given the outcome of another.
Condicional variances

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#### Flashcard 1655402007820

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Question
The list of all possible values that the random variable can take on is called [...]
The range

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Subject 1. Basic Definitions
s computed from discrete variables are continuous. The mean on a five-point scale could be 3.117 even though 3.117 is not possible for an individual score. For any random variable, it is necessary to know two things: <span>the list of all possible values that the random variable can take on. the probability of each value occurring. These give a probability distribution. The first item on the list is called the range. With regard to the range of possible o

#### Flashcard 1663937678604

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Question
For a discrete random variable, the shorthand notation for a probability function is [...]
p(x) = P(X = x).

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Subject 2. Probability Function
ay, is 0 if X is continuous. In a continuous case, only a range of values can be considered (that is, 0 < X < 10), whereas in a discrete case, individual values have positive probabilities associated with them. <span>For a discrete random variable, the shorthand notation is p(x) = P(X = x). For continuous random variables, the probability function is denoted f(x) and called probability density function (pdf), or just the density. This function is effectively the continuous

#### Flashcard 1663940037900

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Question
For continuous random variables, the probability function is denoted [...]
f(x)

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Subject 2. Probability Function
e of values can be considered (that is, 0 < X < 10), whereas in a discrete case, individual values have positive probabilities associated with them. For a discrete random variable, the shorthand notation is p(x) = P(X = x). <span>For continuous random variables, the probability function is denoted f(x) and called probability density function (pdf), or just the density. This function is effectively the continuous analogue of the discrete probability function p(x). The prob

#### Flashcard 1663942397196

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Question
f(x) and called [...]
probability density function (pdf)

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Subject 2. Probability Function
a discrete case, individual values have positive probabilities associated with them. For a discrete random variable, the shorthand notation is p(x) = P(X = x). For continuous random variables, the probability function is denoted <span>f(x) and called probability density function (pdf), or just the density. This function is effectively the continuous analogue of the discrete probability function p(x). The probability density function, which has the symbol

#### Flashcard 1677889768716

Question
Is the covariance matrix always symmetric with regard to its diagonal.
No

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#### Annotation 1690060328204

 #documento-electronico #eni #normativa las condiciones establecidas en la NTI deben ser consideradas para su aplicación, al menos, sobre los siguientes tipos de documentos que se hallen en formato electrónico: i. Documentos de decisión: resoluciones, acuerdos, contratos, convenios y declaraciones. ii. Documentos de transmisión: comunicaciones, notificaciones, publicaciones y acuses de recibo. iii. Documentos de constancia: actas, certificados y diligencias. iv. Documentos de juicio: informes. v. Documentos de ciudadano: solicitudes, denuncias, alegaciones, recursos, comunicaciones, facturas y otros incautados. vi. Otros.

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#### Annotation 1690061901068

 #documento-electronico #eni #normativa anexo del ENI RD 4/2010, de 8 de enero, define el documento electrónico como: “información de cualquier naturaleza en forma electrónica, archivada en un soporte electrónico según un formato determinado, y susceptible de identificación y tratamiento diferenciado”.

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#### Annotation 1690063736076

 #documento-electronico #eni #normativa Según el artículo 26.1 de la Ley 39/2015, de 1 de octubre, “Se entiende por documentos públicos administrativos los válidamente emitidos por los órganos de las Administraciones Públicas. Las Administraciones Públicas emitirán los documentos administrativos por escrito, a través de medios electrónicos, a menos que su naturaleza exija otra forma más adecuada de expresión y constancia”

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#### Annotation 1690065308940

 #documento-electronico #eni #normativa Además, de conformidad con el artículo 26.2 de la citada Ley 39/2015, de 1 de octubre, “Para ser considerados válidos, los documentos electrónicos administrativos deberán: a) Contener información de cualquier naturaleza archivada en un soporte electrónico según un formato determinado susceptible de identificación y tratamiento diferenciado; b) Disponer de los datos de identificación que permitan su individualización, sin perjuicio de su posible incorporación a un expediente electrónico; c) Incorporar una referencia temporal del momento en que han sido emitidos; d) Incorporar los metadatos mínimos exigidos; e) Incorporar las firmas electrónicas que correspondan de acuerdo con lo previsto en al normativa aplicable”

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#### Annotation 1690067143948

 #documento-electronico #eni #normativa Entre estos componentes y dimensiones de alto nivel, destacarían los siguientes: i. El contenido, entendido como el conjunto de datos en que se sustancia la información de un documento electrónico. ii. La firma electrónica 2 , definida como un conjunto de datos en forma electrónica, consignados junto a otros o asociados con ellos, que: 2 Definición de firma electrónica avanzada según el artículo 3 de la Ley 59/2003, de 19 de diciembre, de firma electrónica. a. permite detectar cualquier cambio ulterior de los datos firmados, b. está vinculada al firmante de manera única y a los datos a los que se refiere c. y ha sido creada por medios que el firmante puede mantener bajo su exclusivo control. iii. Los metadatos, elemento que proporciona contexto al contenido, estructura y firma de un documento, contribuyendo al valor probatorio y fiabilidad de éste a lo largo del tiempo como evidencia electrónica de las actividades y procedimientos

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#### Annotation 1690068716812

 #documento-electronico #eni #normativa Un documento electrónico, en su forma más común y simple está compuesto por un solo fichero de información, un conjunto de metadatos más, en su caso, si es un documento administrativo electrónico, o si es un documento susceptible de formar parte de un expediente, obligatoriamente, una o varias firmas electrónicas.

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#### Annotation 1690070289676

 #documento-electronico #eni #normativa Nótese que un documento electrónico con múltiples ficheros constituye una única unidad digital en tanto que no permite el tratamiento de forma aislada de cada uno de los ficheros que lo conforman como unidades individuales independientes y con sentido completo, debido a la existencia de algún tipo de vínculo entre aquéllos que motiva su asociación como componentes del documento. En este sentido, la integridad de todos ellos se garantiza a través de la atención al conjunto y no a cada uno de sus componentes.

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#### Annotation 1690071862540

 #documento-electronico #eni #normativa Debe distinguirse este tipo de documentos de las agrupaciones documentales (series, fondos, agregaciones, etc. 3 ), que suelen generarse atendiendo a vínculos archivísticos (relaciones funcionales o procedimentales) y que están formadas por documentos, no por componentes, en el sentido anterior, por lo que permiten el tratamiento y gestión de cada uno de ellos de forma independiente. El tratamiento de estas agrupaciones se realizaría según lo establecido en la NTI de Expediente Electrónico

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#### Annotation 1690075008268

 #documento-electronico #eni #normativa De cara a facilitar la interoperabilidad y la gestión de dichos intercambios, la NTI establece el intercambio de documentos electrónicos simples, entendiendo éstos como aquellos que solamente incluyen un fichero de información o contenido, una o varias firmas, si procede, y un conjunto de metadatos asociados. Esta consideración, aunque no tiene una mención explícita en los apartados en que se desarrolla la NTI, se impone en la estructura XML que incluye el anexo II de la NTI para el intercambio de documentos electrónicos tal y como se desarrolla en el punto 8 de esta guía.

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#### Annotation 1690080775436

 [unknown IMAGE 1690079464716] Estructura logica del documento electronico #documento-electronico #eni #has-images #normativa

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#### Annotation 1690083396876

 Most people tend to remember images better than sentences. (If you know what your coffee cup and kitchen look like, I bet you turn the sentence into a visual image right away, don’t you? This helps you to remember.) Visualization is so powerful because it allows us to create more ‘connections’ in the mind. It makes something easier to remember.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
with a verbal story. “I left the apple on top of the coffee cup on my kitchen table.” This is hard to remember with words alone, however. If you tell this to somebody who has never seen your kitchen before, she probably won’t remember. <span>Most people tend to remember images better than sentences. (If you know what your coffee cup and kitchen look like, I bet you turn the sentence into a visual image right away, don’t you? This helps you to remember.) Visualization is so powerful because it allows us to create more ‘connections’ in the mind. It makes something easier to remember. Picture this scene in your mind as vividly as possible… image all the bright colors, smells and senses as strongly as possible, at every step. “You’re looking at a coffee cup on the

#### Annotation 1690085494028

 Picture this scene in your mind as vividly as possible… image all the bright colors, smells and senses as strongly as possible, at every step. “You’re looking at a coffee cup on the table in front of you, and you’re sitting inside your kitchen. Picture the scene vividly. You look up and notice that a friend of yours is across the room, and he has an extremely unusual apple in his hand. It is massive and bright stop-sign red, almost glowing. It’s about a foot in diameter, with a long stem that reaches the floor. You can smell the apple and coffee strongly. Your friend throws the apple and it lands on top of your cup, balancing perfectly on the rim.”

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
k like, I bet you turn the sentence into a visual image right away, don’t you? This helps you to remember.) Visualization is so powerful because it allows us to create more ‘connections’ in the mind. It makes something easier to remember. <span>Picture this scene in your mind as vividly as possible… image all the bright colors, smells and senses as strongly as possible, at every step. “You’re looking at a coffee cup on the table in front of you, and you’re sitting inside your kitchen. Picture the scene vividly. You look up and notice that a friend of yours is across the room, and he has an extremely unusual apple in his hand. It is massive and bright stop-sign red, almost glowing. It’s about a foot in diameter, with a long stem that reaches the floor. You can smell the apple and coffee strongly. Your friend throws the apple and it lands on top of your cup, balancing perfectly on the rim.” Bizarre scene, right? There’s a reason it’s like this. I’ll explain soon. You have many more images in your mind to link to this memory – your kitchen, bright red apple, unusually l

#### Annotation 1690087066892

 You have many more images in your mind to link to this memory – your kitchen, bright red apple, unusually long stem, an apple sitting in the cup, the strong smell of apple and coffee, the friend throwing the apple onto your cup. Now that you’ve created all these links, chances are next time you’re in your kitchen with a coffee cup in front of you, if you visualized it clearly enough, you’ll think of this apple and this bizarre story.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
that reaches the floor. You can smell the apple and coffee strongly. Your friend throws the apple and it lands on top of your cup, balancing perfectly on the rim.” Bizarre scene, right? There’s a reason it’s like this. I’ll explain soon. <span>You have many more images in your mind to link to this memory – your kitchen, bright red apple, unusually long stem, an apple sitting in the cup, the strong smell of apple and coffee, the friend throwing the apple onto your cup. Now that you’ve created all these links, chances are next time you’re in your kitchen with a coffee cup in front of you, if you visualized it clearly enough, you’ll think of this apple and this bizarre story. Unique, emotional images are an important tool for remembering. Making the images as strange and bright as possible lends to your ability to remember. The stronger the senses you imag

#### Annotation 1690088639756

 Unique, emotional images are an important tool for remembering. Making the images as strange and bright as possible lends to your ability to remember. The stronger the senses you imagine, the more “Hi-Fi” the image, the better. Sexual imagery also works very well, because our minds regard it as something very ‘important’.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
wing the apple onto your cup. Now that you’ve created all these links, chances are next time you’re in your kitchen with a coffee cup in front of you, if you visualized it clearly enough, you’ll think of this apple and this bizarre story. <span>Unique, emotional images are an important tool for remembering. Making the images as strange and bright as possible lends to your ability to remember. The stronger the senses you imagine, the more “Hi-Fi” the image, the better. Sexual imagery also works very well, because our minds regard it as something very ‘important’. To make images stand out to your mind, make them unusually massive or tiny, use unusually bright colors, make them animated. Think of the kind of weirdness that makes Alice in Wonde

#### Annotation 1690090212620

 #gestion-it Objetivos del marketing social: Generar tráfico dirigido a nuestra web. Recibir opiniones de nuestros usuarios, así como de los potenciales usuarios. Proteger la marca y mejorar la reputación. Incrementar los contactos. Llegar al público objetivo.

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#### Annotation 1690091785484

 To make images stand out to your mind, make them unusually massive or tiny, use unusually bright colors, make them animated.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
strange and bright as possible lends to your ability to remember. The stronger the senses you imagine, the more “Hi-Fi” the image, the better. Sexual imagery also works very well, because our minds regard it as something very ‘important’. <span>To make images stand out to your mind, make them unusually massive or tiny, use unusually bright colors, make them animated. Think of the kind of weirdness that makes Alice in Wonderland so enchanting and memorable. This also makes memory techniques a lot of fun, by the way. The “Hi-Fi” Image Creati

#### Annotation 1690093358348

 Think of the kind of weirdness that makes Alice in Wonderland so enchanting and memorable.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
ge, the better. Sexual imagery also works very well, because our minds regard it as something very ‘important’. To make images stand out to your mind, make them unusually massive or tiny, use unusually bright colors, make them animated. <span>Think of the kind of weirdness that makes Alice in Wonderland so enchanting and memorable. This also makes memory techniques a lot of fun, by the way. The “Hi-Fi” Image Creation Checklist for Creating Vivid Imagery: Include vivid visual images, strong smells & t

#### Annotation 1690094931212

 The “Hi-Fi” Image Creation Checklist for Creating Vivid Imagery: Include vivid visual images, strong smells & tastes, loud noises, & strange tactile feelings.Strange imagery and sexual imagery are especially memorable. Use things that are not the correct size or color, but still recognizable.The image must directly remind you of what you want to remember, without any other information. Does the image you create logically lead to the thing you want to remember?

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
them unusually massive or tiny, use unusually bright colors, make them animated. Think of the kind of weirdness that makes Alice in Wonderland so enchanting and memorable. This also makes memory techniques a lot of fun, by the way. <span>The “Hi-Fi” Image Creation Checklist for Creating Vivid Imagery: Include vivid visual images, strong smells & tastes, loud noises, & strange tactile feelings. Strange imagery and sexual imagery are especially memorable. Use things that are not the correct size or color, but still recognizable. The image must directly remind you of what you want to remember, without any other information. Does the image you create logically lead to the thing you want to remember? The next technique is Elaboration. Elaboration (Give Meaning To Meaningless Things) Elaboration gives extra meaning to something above and beyond what it already means to us. Thi

#### Annotation 1690096504076

 When it comes to remembering, organization is just as important as creating vivid memories. After all, you have to be able to retrieve memories when you want to use them.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
split the number up in many different ways, and give it many different meanings. It all depends on what has significance to you. Organize Your Brain Now that you know the basics about how to create vivid memories, organization is up next. <span>When it comes to remembering, organization is just as important as creating vivid memories. After all, you have to be able to retrieve memories when you want to use them. There are many ways to organize your memories. Normally, our memories are organized by ‘cues’ that are naturally attached to a memory. For example, when you hear a song that you use

#### Annotation 1690098339084

 #gestion-it En la elaboración de esta estrategia de comunicación 2.0 es necesario centrarse en los siguientes aspectos: Conocer a la audiencia. Determinar a quién van dirigidos los servicios prestados por la organización y conocer las características, necesidades y gustos de esas personas.Determinar los objetivos. Establecer claramente qué se quiere conseguir con la comunicación. Los objetivos pueden ser de múltiples tipos: Políticos: Aumentar la visibilidad de los objetivos de la organización.Reforzar la imagen corporativa. Estratégicos: Acercar nuestros servicios a la ciudadanía. Mejorar la calidad de nuestros servicios. Superar el actual modelo de comunicación. Obtener retroalimentación (feedback). Sociales: Satisfacer las necesidades de información. Fomentar la participación, la colaboración y el intercambio de ideas. Orientar en el acceso a los servicios. Definir el punto de partida: determinar la situación en la que nos encontramos: De qué recursos disponemos (políticos, económicos y humanos).suscripción por correo electrónico y/o por sindicación de contenidos,presencia previa en redes sociales,...).Qué tecnologías estamos utilizando (páginas web, blogs, sistemas de Qué información tenemos y cuál estamos proporcionando (no siempre coincide): publicaciones, proyectos, información institucional, enlaces, eventos,... Concretar la estrategia 2.0: Seleccionar los contenidos cuya difusión quere...

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#### Annotation 1690099911948

 In this section I’m going to give you an overview of how to use these organizational systems: AcrosticsAcronymsStoriesMethod of Loci / Memory PalacesThe Number Rhyme SystemThe Number Shape System

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
ind what you were looking for. But in this case, organization IS necessary because your brain contains millions, if not billions, of other files. To do this, it just takes a bit of preparation. It’s like putting dividers in a file folder. <span>In this section I’m going to give you an overview of how to use these organizational systems: Acrostics Acronyms Stories Method of Loci / Memory Palaces The Number Rhyme System The Number Shape System Acronyms I’m sure you’re already familiar with acronyms. They’re useful tools for remembering short lists, quickly. The benefit of using them is that you don’t have to invest much

#### Annotation 1690101484812

 Ordered lists are one of the hardest things to remember. By using a simple acronym, you’re encoding the list into an easily remembered word.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
st few letters of a word to remember something: Countries that border Belgium: FraGerLuxNe – France, Germany, Luxembourg, Netherlands. This way, you can create an invented word that rolls off the tongue and is fairly easy to remember. <span>Ordered lists are one of the hardest things to remember. By using a simple acronym, you’re encoding the list into an easily remembered word. Acrostics An acrostic is a sentence or block of text where the first letters of the words are used to spell a message. Acrostics are a bit like acronyms, but they use a sentence t

#### Annotation 1690104106252

 Acronyms: They’re simply a word formed from a list of items that can be pronounced. The word can be real or fake. The order the great Greek philosophers lived: SPA – Socrates, Plato, Aristotle.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
Rhyme System The Number Shape System Acronyms I’m sure you’re already familiar with acronyms. They’re useful tools for remembering short lists, quickly. The benefit of using them is that you don’t have to invest much time in them. <span>They’re simply a word formed from a list of items that can be pronounced. The word can be real or fake. The order the great Greek philosophers lived: SPA – Socrates, Plato, Aristotle. Names of the provinces of Canada that border the United States: BASMO Q (pronounced Baz-Mok) – British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec Felony Murder qu

#### Annotation 1690106465548

 #gestion-it esta guía debe definir: Si los empleados pueden tener perfiles en las redes sociales en las que se indique que son empleados. Si los empleados pueden hablar en nombre de la organización. Si, cuando los empleados hablen en nombre de la organización, deben identificarse con su nombre o con su puesto en la organización. Si los mensajes enviados por la organización llevarán algún tipo de firma, y cuál. El tipo de lenguaje a utilizar (por ejemplo, si se debe usar el tú o el usted, si se debe usar un registro jurídico, coloquial o de otro tipo, ...). La línea editorial de los perfiles corporativos en las redes sociales. Los derechos de propiedad intelectual en cuanto al contenido publicado (derechos restringidos, licencias abiertas Creative Commons, ...).

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### Acrostics

An acrostic is a sentence or block of text where the first letters of the words are used to spell a message.

Acrostics are a bit like acronyms, but they use a sentence to encode information.

For example:

Remembering Guitar Strings:

Every Beautiful Guitar Deserves Amps Everyday or

Every Boy Gets Dinner At Eight – EADGBE

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
is way, you can create an invented word that rolls off the tongue and is fairly easy to remember. Ordered lists are one of the hardest things to remember. By using a simple acronym, you’re encoding the list into an easily remembered word. <span>Acrostics An acrostic is a sentence or block of text where the first letters of the words are used to spell a message. Acrostics are a bit like acronyms, but they use a sentence to encode information. For example: Remembering Guitar Strings: Every Beautiful Guitar Deserves Amps Everyday or Every Boy Gets Dinner At Eight – EADGBE Lovely Cadbury Dairy Milk – Major Roman Numerals L, C, D, M for 50, 100, 500, 1000. Will A Jolly Man Make A Jolly Visitor? – First 8 US Presidents: George W ashington, John A da

#### Annotation 1690110397708

 When you create a story properly, one thing vividly links to the next, and it becomes easier to remember. Stories are best for medium sized lists, and they take little or no preparation to create. The key is in how well you create the story. The more vivid & unusual the imagery, the more memorable.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
, John A dams, Thomas J efferson, James M adison, James M onroe, John Quincy A dams, Andrew J ackson, Martin V an Buren Stories / Journeys When the list of information is a bit longer, you might want to create a story around it. <span>When you create a story properly, one thing vividly links to the next, and it becomes easier to remember. Stories are best for medium sized lists, and they take little or no preparation to create. The key is in how well you create the story. The more vivid & unusual the imagery, the more memorable. Once you start using this technique more often, you’ll get better at knowing if the image you created will remind you of the thing you want to remember. Try this short story. Imag

### Stories / Journeys

When the list of information is a bit longer, you might want to create a story around it.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
M for 50, 100, 500, 1000. Will A Jolly Man Make A Jolly Visitor? – First 8 US Presidents: George W ashington, John A dams, Thomas J efferson, James M adison, James M onroe, John Quincy A dams, Andrew J ackson, Martin V an Buren <span>Stories / Journeys When the list of information is a bit longer, you might want to create a story around it. When you create a story properly, one thing vividly links to the next, and it becomes easier to remember. Stories are best for medium sized lists, and they take little or no preparati

#### Annotation 1690113543436

 The problem with stories is that they take a long time to develop. You have to imagine all the space in vivid detail and give every aspect of the story spacial dimensions. You may need to go over the story a few times before it becomes concrete in your mind. Until you’re really good at creating imagery quickly, it’s hard to know whether or not you’ve linked things together so that you’ll be able to remember.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
ith things that you do know. The images just need to remind you of the info you want to remember. If you visualized the story vividly enough, all you have to do to remember the countries of South America is walk through the story again. <span>The problem with stories is that they take a long time to develop. You have to imagine all the space in vivid detail and give every aspect of the story spacial dimensions. You may need to go over the story a few times before it becomes concrete in your mind. Until you’re really good at creating imagery quickly, it’s hard to know whether or not you’ve linked things together so that you’ll be able to remember. And if you forget one section of the story, it might be hard to remember the rest of the list. Though it’s important to know how stories function, I usually only use them in conjunc

#### Annotation 1690115116300

 Though it’s important to know how stories function, I usually only use them in conjunction with the next method – the Memory Palace, or the Method Of Loci, which is much more effective.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
’re really good at creating imagery quickly, it’s hard to know whether or not you’ve linked things together so that you’ll be able to remember. And if you forget one section of the story, it might be hard to remember the rest of the list. <span>Though it’s important to know how stories function, I usually only use them in conjunction with the next method – the Memory Palace, or the Method Of Loci, which is much more effective. Keys to creating stories: Vivid imagery that reminds you of the item you’re trying to remember Link everything together through actions, and relate everything together through space

#### Annotation 1690116689164

 Keys to creating stories: Vivid imagery that reminds you of the item you’re trying to rememberLink everything together through actions, and relate everything together through space. What direction does one object move to interact with the next object, and how far away is it? Create a complete world in your mind.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
, it might be hard to remember the rest of the list. Though it’s important to know how stories function, I usually only use them in conjunction with the next method – the Memory Palace, or the Method Of Loci, which is much more effective. <span>Keys to creating stories: Vivid imagery that reminds you of the item you’re trying to remember Link everything together through actions, and relate everything together through space. What direction does one object move to interact with the next object, and how far away is it? Create a complete world in your mind. The Method of Loci / Memory Palaces Using memory palaces is much more reliable than using stories. The first time I used a memory palace, I was amazed at how well it worked. And

#### Annotation 1690118524172

 Great thing about this, is that it’s very flexible. When you go back through your Memory Palace and you can’t remember something, all you have to do is change the image or change the structure of your memory palace. Next, you can experiment with different organizational structures. You can try to place 2 items on each wall to store more information. Or maybe you can go to all 3 walls in a room, then also go to the ceiling and then to the floor.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
dly enough, or in a memorable way. The image you imagined doesn’t remind you of the item in the list well enough. After doing this 2 or 3 times, you’ll start to get the hang of it. You’ll know when an image isn’t clear enough to remember. <span>Great thing about this, is that it’s very flexible. When you go back through your Memory Palace and you can’t remember something, all you have to do is change the image or change the structure of your memory palace. Next, you can experiment with different organizational structures. You can try to place 2 items on each wall to store more information. Or maybe you can go to all 3 walls in a room, then also go to the ceiling and then to the floor. You just need to establish the rules for how you’ll travel through the house in advance, and that’s how the information will be organized. For every set of information, you’ll need

#### Annotation 1690120097036

 You just need to establish the rules for how you’ll travel through the house in advance, and that’s how the information will be organized. For every set of information, you’ll need a new memory palace. These are real places in your mind, and two sets of images cannot exist on top of one another.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
lace. Next, you can experiment with different organizational structures. You can try to place 2 items on each wall to store more information. Or maybe you can go to all 3 walls in a room, then also go to the ceiling and then to the floor. <span>You just need to establish the rules for how you’ll travel through the house in advance, and that’s how the information will be organized. For every set of information, you’ll need a new memory palace. These are real places in your mind, and two sets of images cannot exist on top of one another. To get more palaces, you can take the time to create a new ‘virtual’ space just by imagining it, or you can go to Google Maps and use street view to walk through a real location and t

#### Annotation 1690121669900

 Keys to creating & using a memory palace: Make sure you know the place well. If you don’t know it well enough, walk through it in your mind and make it seem more real before using it as a memory palace. You can also create an imaginary place from scratch, but it takes a little longer and you might run into problems if you’re new to this.Place it in the real world somewhere. Even if it’s a fake place. Imagine it’s location in the real world. Put it behind a door you’ve seen, or maybe place it in a secret door underneath a landmark you know of. (Eg in a secret door that opens up underneath the Eiffel Tower)Establish a specific route you’ll take through the memory palacePlace items you’d like to remember throughout the palace. Make them vivid and outlandish. Give them life and movement.Walk through the palace and make sure you can see all of the items you placed. If you can’t remember them, change the way you’ve visualized them.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
a new ‘virtual’ space just by imagining it, or you can go to Google Maps and use street view to walk through a real location and take note of landmarks (Eg. You can use a park near your house and use the swingsets, ponds etc as landmarks). <span>Keys to creating & using a memory palace: Make sure you know the place well. If you don’t know it well enough, walk through it in your mind and make it seem more real before using it as a memory palace. You can also create an imaginary place from scratch, but it takes a little longer and you might run into problems if you’re new to this. Place it in the real world somewhere. Even if it’s a fake place. Imagine it’s location in the real world. Put it behind a door you’ve seen, or maybe place it in a secret door underneath a landmark you know of. (Eg in a secret door that opens up underneath the Eiffel Tower) Establish a specific route you’ll take through the memory palace Place items you’d like to remember throughout the palace. Make them vivid and outlandish. Give them life and movement. Walk through the palace and make sure you can see all of the items you placed. If you can’t remember them, change the way you’ve visualized them. Now, you might be thinking: well, it’s easy to visualize food in my memory palace, but how do I use this to remember numbers, names and speeches that don’t have smells and textures?

#### Annotation 1690125339916

 To remember short numbers quickly and easily, there are a bunch of techniques you can use. Since numbers don’t have much emotional significance to us, we must encode them into images.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
list for the numbers 1 to 9. After assigning all the numbers images, you can use the Number Shape System in the same way you used the Number Rhyme System. Test them both out, and see which works best for you. How to Remember Numbers <span>To remember short numbers quickly and easily, there are a bunch of techniques you can use. Since numbers don’t have much emotional significance to us, we must encode them into images. To do that, there are ready-made systems you can use. The simplest system to use is the Number Rhyme System or the Number Shape System. You take the number you want to remember, say

#### Annotation 1690126912780

 Let’s use the Rhyme System for now. 2 – shoe 9 – wine 3 – tree 8 – bait Then link all these images together into one image using a logical order such as left to right or top to bottom.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
eady-made systems you can use. The simplest system to use is the Number Rhyme System or the Number Shape System. You take the number you want to remember, say it’s 2938, and you use all the images you already know from one of the systems. <span>Let’s use the Rhyme System for now. 2 – shoe 9 – wine 3 – tree 8 – bait Then link all these images together into one image using a logical order such as left to right or top to bottom. So you could have an image where a shoe is upside down, and a bottle of wine is defying gravity pouring up into the shoe, the bottle is perched precariously on top of a tree, and the

#### Annotation 1690128485644

 So you could have an image where a shoe is upside down, and a bottle of wine is defying gravity pouring up into the shoe, the bottle is perched precariously on top of a tree, and the tree’s roots are made out of fishing hooks and bait. Then you would place this image in the physical space where you want to remember it. If 2938 is your gym locker code, you can place it outside your gym, towering over the building.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
s you already know from one of the systems. Let’s use the Rhyme System for now. 2 – shoe 9 – wine 3 – tree 8 – bait Then link all these images together into one image using a logical order such as left to right or top to bottom. <span>So you could have an image where a shoe is upside down, and a bottle of wine is defying gravity pouring up into the shoe, the bottle is perched precariously on top of a tree, and the tree’s roots are made out of fishing hooks and bait. Then you would place this image in the physical space where you want to remember it. If 2938 is your gym locker code, you can place it outside your gym, towering over the building. Then whenever you want to recall the combination, all you have to do is remember your gym, and see the image in your mind. Since the rule you set from the beginning is top to bottom,

#### Annotation 1690130058508

 Then whenever you want to recall the combination, all you have to do is remember your gym, and see the image in your mind. Since the rule you set from the beginning is top to bottom, or left to right, and each image rhymes with it’s corresponding number, you’ll be able to decode the image quickly and easily. If it’s a longer number, you can use a memory palace to store it. Store one image at each point in the memory palace, and walk through for the order of the numbers.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
the tree’s roots are made out of fishing hooks and bait. Then you would place this image in the physical space where you want to remember it. If 2938 is your gym locker code, you can place it outside your gym, towering over the building. <span>Then whenever you want to recall the combination, all you have to do is remember your gym, and see the image in your mind. Since the rule you set from the beginning is top to bottom, or left to right, and each image rhymes with it’s corresponding number, you’ll be able to decode the image quickly and easily. If it’s a longer number, you can use a memory palace to store it. Store one image at each point in the memory palace, and walk through for the order of the numbers. Of course, using this technique, you can store only 4 numbers at each point in the palace. That brings us to the next chapter. Advanced Techniques To Remember Numbers If you’re

### Remember Short Numbers Quickly

How useful would it be to remember every specification about the product you’re selling, or to never worry about forgetting a PIN, or to be able to memorize telephone numbers without having to take out your phone or a piece of paper?

I bet it could save you a lot of time, and could be very useful for talking to prospects and clients.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
remember acronym or acrostic, you can use your peg system to commit your list to memory. I’ve already explained how to do that with the Number Rhyme System and the Number Shape System, so please refer back to those sections for details. <span>Remember Short Numbers Quickly How useful would it be to remember every specification about the product you’re selling, or to never worry about forgetting a PIN, or to be able to memorize telephone numbers without having to take out your phone or a piece of paper? I bet it could save you a lot of time, and could be very useful for talking to prospects and clients. If you want to remember telephone numbers, PIN codes, product prices, product identification codes or specifications, and any other short numbers quickly and easily, you can use any o

#### Annotation 1690133204236

 The key to a strong password is to use a long series of letters, numbers and characters that have too many possible combinations to be guessed by modern computers, even if they’re given millions of guesses. Very strong passwords have: at least 10 charactersnumbersupper case letterslower case letterssymbols (eg. #, $, !, *) status not read Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius ds are hacked regularly, and they are the source of most website vulnerabilities. According to PasswordStrengthCalculator.com, a normal PC can guess a 6-character password that uses only lower case letters and numbers in 0.000435 seconds. <span>The key to a strong password is to use a long series of letters, numbers and characters that have too many possible combinations to be guessed by modern computers, even if they’re given millions of guesses. Very strong passwords have: at least 10 characters numbers upper case letters lower case letters symbols (eg. #,$, !, *) A sample strong password: sfaEH@*25fagae!v According to the password strength calculator, this password would take a normal PC 235,650,869,377 years to calculate! Even a superco

#### Annotation 1690134777100

 A sample strong password: sfaEH@*25fagae!v According to the password strength calculator, this password would take a normal PC 235,650,869,377 years to calculate! Even a supercomputer would take 11,782,543 years to crack it.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
ny possible combinations to be guessed by modern computers, even if they’re given millions of guesses. Very strong passwords have: at least 10 characters numbers upper case letters lower case letters symbols (eg. #, \$, !, *) <span>A sample strong password: sfaEH@*25fagae!v According to the password strength calculator, this password would take a normal PC 235,650,869,377 years to calculate! Even a supercomputer would take 11,782,543 years to crack it. Incredible difference for only a few more characters, huh? Problem is, this type of password is really hard to remember. So what can you do? The easiest way to create a really s

#### Annotation 1690136349964

 According to PasswordStrengthCalculator.com, a normal PC can guess a 6-character password that uses only lower case letters and numbers in 0.000435 seconds.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
ns (this is called a brute-force attack). Using a single word that can be found in the dictionary just doesn’t cut it any more. On the Internet, weak passwords are hacked regularly, and they are the source of most website vulnerabilities. <span>According to PasswordStrengthCalculator.com, a normal PC can guess a 6-character password that uses only lower case letters and numbers in 0.000435 seconds. The key to a strong password is to use a long series of letters, numbers and characters that have too many possible combinations to be guessed by modern computers, even if they’re giv

#### Annotation 1690137922828

 The easiest way to create a really strong password is by using Acrostics, plus your own password rules. Sentences or song lyrics are much easier to remember than a mix of meaningless characters, after all.

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius
0,869,377 years to calculate! Even a supercomputer would take 11,782,543 years to crack it. Incredible difference for only a few more characters, huh? Problem is, this type of password is really hard to remember. So what can you do? <span>The easiest way to create a really strong password is by using Acrostics, plus your own password rules. Sentences or song lyrics are much easier to remember than a mix of meaningless characters, after all. So make up your own poem, or flip through a book to find an easy to use acrostic. Maybe something in this book, or on Wikipedia. Alternatively, use a sentence you already know, like a

#### Annotation 1690139495692

 If you create your own sentence, also include the the name of the website or email account the password belongs to, so that the account is linked to the password in your mind. You can start the sentence with the name of the website or email account, and it won’t reduce the strength of the password. Here’s an example that I found on Wikipedia: “Gmail was invitation only in 2004 and was available to the general public in 2007” Then, using rules for Acrostics, create a password using the first character in each word and number: Gwioi2awattgpi2

Memory Breakthrough: The Ultimate Guide To Remember Almost Anything - InnerGenius

#### Annotation 1690190351628

 A poet anticipated close scrutiny of his work and took care to ensure its linguistic and poetic soundness and ethical propriety. But he also relied on his audience to gauge his technical bravado. 15 In particular he assumed their knowledge of themes and motifs, enabling them to identify how much of a line or hemistich came from an existing verse and how he enhanced it by giving it a new form and meaning. The sariqa 'theft' or akhdh 'taking over', as well as talmf~ 'allusion' and taqmfn 'quotation' by which modern poets referred to each other and the ancients formed an integral part of Abbasid poetry, designed for an audience steeped in the classical tradition. Borrowing was then not frowned upon in general, but depended in each case on how elegantly a poet appropriated and recast a sariqa in his own verse.

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#### Annotation 1690191924492

 The scribes themselves composed poetry for their own pleasure and hence became a threat to the professional poets. The scribes could even afford to hold their own literary circles and garner compliments for their verses from attending professional poets, whose praise need not have been candid

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#### Annotation 1690196380940

 Bencheikh notes a decline in the level of discourse from erudite discussion to shallow divertissement: Poetry becomes for most of them [ sc. the scribes] an exercise in style, an agreeable occupation that lends itself to the most diverse occasions. It is the mode of communication par excellence, the mainstay of a culture; it reveals all of the attitudes these men take towards existence. But, what it gains in terms of sociocultural expression, it loses in terms of artistic exploration. Practiced too frequently as a habit and in the most banal circumstances, it dilutes itself in [its] daily [use] and is saved only by taking on the forms of mannerism. 19

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#### Annotation 1690197953804

 The scribes could turn their lack of technique into an advantage by striving for elegance and simplicity. In addition they prided themselves on not subjecting poetry to a specific purpose - praise or blame - but practicing it as pure art.

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#### Annotation 1690199788812

 a singer could only appear at a caliph's familiar sessions devoted to light divertissement, whereas a poet might offer praises both at public ceremonies and familiar sessions. Therefore singers could 8 THE BACKGROUND not easily serve as go-betweens for panegyrists and patrons. If a panegyrist needed to contact a new patron or patch up a faux pas with a current sponsor, he approached an honorable individual who had access to the patron's circle and was in his confidence, thus being better equipped to intervene on the poet's behalf. These intercessors gave rise to a new sub-genre of praise poetry, the poem of intercession, which praised the intercessor and the one who responded to intercession alike.

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#### Annotation 1690201361676

 The Abbasid patron did not choose a poet for his political or religious leaning, which the poet usually concealed when disadvantageous. Although it was not a prerequisite, an ethnic or religious affiliation between a poet and his patron could enhance their relationship. Ultimately, however, the poet owed his patron loyalty against his own personal preferences. 29

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#### Annotation 1690220236044

 orally administered drugs tend to have a lower bioavailability.

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#### Annotation 1690221284620

 Basic drugs that remain intact in the stomach acids can pass through and are more readily absorbed in the intestine.

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#### Annotation 1690222333196

 Presystemic elimination refers to the elimination of drug by the gastrointesti- nal system before the drug reaches the systemic circulation.

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#### Annotation 1690223381772

 liver biotransforms ingested drug before it reaches the effect site. 4 This liver activity is called first-pass hepatic effect.

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#### Annotation 1690224954636

 from the gastrointestinal tract after oral ingestion enter the portal venous blood and pass through the liver first

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#### Annotation 1690226003212

 tatistical learning refers to a vast set of tools for understanding data.

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#### Annotation 1690227576076

 The most rapid and predictable route to the systemic circulation is the parenteral route.

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#### Annotation 1690228624652

 The sublingual and buccal routes of administration of drugs bypass the presystemic, portal system first-pass effect and are deliv- ered rapidly to the superior vena cava for transport to the effect site.

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#### Annotation 1690229673228

 Drugs placed in the proximal rectum are absorbed into the portal system via the superior hemorrhoidal vein. They will therefore undergo significant first-pass effect in the liver before entering the systemic circulation, leading to unpredictable responses. 1

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#### Annotation 1690230983948

 Occasionally the rectal route of drug administration is the ideal route for prevention of emesis caused by irritation of the gas- trointestinal mucosa by the drug.

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#### Annotation 1690232032524

 intravenous injections allow for rapid and accurate delivery of drug into the systemic circulation

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#### Annotation 1690233081100

 Parenteral administration is the route of choice for anesthetists,

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#### Annotation 1690234129676

 These agents must have a molecular weight of less than 1000, dose requirements less than 10 mg in a 24-hour period, and a pH of 5 to 9.

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#### Annotation 1690235178252

 Bioavailability is the extent to which a drug reaches its effect site after its introduction into the circulatory system

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#### Annotation 1690236226828

 aqueous solution are more rapidly absorbed than those given in oily solution or solid form because they mix more readily with the aqueous phase at the absorptive site

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#### Annotation 1690237275404

 the local anesthetic is highly ionized (basic agent in acidic environment) and therefore cannot enter the lipid nerve membrane to reach the site of action.

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#### Annotation 1690238323980

 Compartment models depict the body as composed of distinct sec- tions that represent theoretic spaces with calculated volumes and are used to describe the pharmacokinetics of agents.

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#### Annotation 1690239634700

 The central compartment represents only approximately 10% of body mass in an adult; how- ever, it receives approximately 75% of the cardiac output and is also referred to as the vessel-rich group.

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#### Annotation 1690240683276

 The area to which the drug is applied must have a relatively thin epidermis with a sufficient blood supply

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#### Annotation 1690241731852

 The transdermal route is usually chosen for administration of a sustained release agent, providing the patient with a steady therapeutic plasma con- centration.

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#### Annotation 1690242780428

 Drugs leave by distribution into the tissues or via metabolism and excretion

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#### Annotation 1690243829004

 The volume of distribution (Vd) is a proportional expression that relates the amount of drug in the body to the serum concentration.

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#### Annotation 1690244877580

 The volume of distribution is used to calculate the loading dose of a drug that will achieve a steady-state concentration.

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#### Annotation 1691256753420

 Ali chegando, contou ter visto, à beira dos mares longínquos que percorrera, homenzinhos vestidos com folhas de palmeira, que abandonaram suas aldeias para se refugiarem nas montanhas logo que perceberam o navio; e que desembarcando nessas aldeias nenhum mal haviam feito, contentando-se em lançar mão do gado que teve ao seu alcance

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#### Annotation 1691263044876

 Os Gindanes confinam com os Maces. Dizem que suas mulheres trazem no tornozelo tantos anéis de pele quanto os homens com os quais já tiveram relações, e a que ostenta maior número de anéis é a mais estimada, por ter-se feito amar por um maior número de homens.

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#### Flashcard 1691264617740

Tags
#história
Question
Qual povo da Líbia antiga que suas mulheres trazem no tornozelo tantos anéis de pele quanto os homens com os quais já tiveram relações, e a que ostenta maior número de anéis é a mais estimada, por ter-se feito amar por um maior número de homens
Gindanes

status measured difficulty not learned 37% [default] 0

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#### Annotation 1691268025612

 Os Mácíies deixam crescer o cabelo atrás da cabeça, e os Auseus na frente. Numa festa que esses povos celebram todos os anos em honra a Minerva, as moças solteiras dividem-se em dois grupos e batem-se, umas contra as outras, a pauladas e a pedradas. Dizem elas ter sido tal rito instituído por seus pais, em honra à deusa, nascida no país, e a que chamamos Minerva.

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#### Annotation 1691269598476

 Os Trácios constituem, depois dos Indianos, a nação mais populosa da Terra.

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#### Flashcard 1691283754252

Tags
#história
Question
Os [povo] constituem, depois dos Indianos, a nação mais populosa da Terra.
Trácios

status measured difficulty not learned 37% [default] 0

#### Parent (intermediate) annotation

Open it
Os Trácios constituem, depois dos Indianos, a nação mais populosa da Terra.

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#### Flashcard 1691288210700

Tags
#história
Question
Os Trácios constituem, depois dos [...], a nação mais populosa da Terra.