BuboFlash - helps with learning

Edited, memorised or added to reading queue

Do you want BuboFlash to help you learning these things? Click here to log in or create user.

Flashcard 1417416412428

Question

The M₂ muscarinic receptors are located in the [...]

Answer

heart

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Parent (intermediate) annotation

Open it
The M 2 muscarinic receptors are located in the heart

Original toplevel document

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 - Wikipedia
] Contents [hide] 1 Function 1.1 Heart 1.2 IQ 1.3 Olfactory behavior 2 Mechanism of action 3 Ligands 3.1 Agonists 3.2 Antagonists 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External links Function[edit] Heart[edit] <span>The M 2 muscarinic receptors are located in the heart, where they act to slow the heart rate down to normal sinus rhythm after positive stimulatory actions of the parasympathetic nervous system, by slowing the speed of depolarization. They

Flashcard 1417417985292

Question

Vilken receptor binder ACh till i hjärtat?

Answer

M₂ receptorn

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Parent (intermediate) annotation

Open it
The M 2 muscarinic receptors are located in the heart

Original toplevel document

Flashcard 1417422179596

Tags

#obgyn

Question

List 5 factors which appear to predispose fetus to breech position

Answer

-uterine relaxation assc w/ great parity
-mult fetuses
-hydramnios
-oligohydramnios
-hydrocephalus
-anencephalus
-prev breech delivery
-uterine anomalies
-pelvic tumours

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417424014604

Tags

#has-images #obgyn

Question

What is a frank breech?

Answer

original url: http://birthwithoutfearblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/BreechPositions2.jpg

foot to mouth

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417427422476

Tags

#has-images #obgyn

Question

What is a complete breech?

Answer

buddah baby (knees & hips flexed)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417430830348

Tags

#has-images #obgyn

Question

What is an incomplete breech?

Answer

one/both hips not flexed and one/both feet/knees lie below buttocks (footling/kneeling breech)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417434238220

Tags

#obgyn

Question

With twin pregnancy, when can you do a footling delivery? with which baby? how much time do you have?

Answer

can footling deliver the 2nd baby since first baby will dilate cervix, but need to do w/i 15 min (if past, can't do vag delivery)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417436073228

Tags

#obgyn

Question

which breech position has best chance of safe vaginal delivery?

Answer

frank breech

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417437908236

Tags

#obgyn

Question

Which breech position is the least safe for vaginal delivery? What are they more likely to cause?

Answer

incomplete breech; more likely to experience birth trauma & death from head not delivering

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417439743244

Tags

#obgyn

Question

List 5 complications that can be anticipated with a breech presentation compared to a cephalic presentation

Answer

-perinatal morbidity & mortality from birth trauma/asphyxia (r/t head entrapment)
-low birth wt from preterm delivery and/or growth restriction
-prolapsed cord
-placenta previa
-fetal, neonatal, and infant anomalies
-uterine anomalies & tumours
-multiple fetuses
-operative intervention, esp c/s

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417441578252

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What factors indicate mother may be able to safely deliver a breech baby vaginally?

Answer

-labour occurs at term (40 weeks)
-baby is correct weight
-baby is complete/frank breech
-mom & baby are otherwise healthy w/ no abnormalities

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417443413260

Tags

#obgyn

Question

with breech presentation, c/s is recommended if:

Answer

-labour not progressing normally
-umbilical cord comes out before baby
-baby not in complete/frank breech

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417445248268

Tags

#obgyn

Question

At what week(s) should you recognize & confirm breech presentation?

Answer

35-36 weeks to have adequate time for discussion of management options

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417447083276

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What are 2 options to offer a woman with breech baby?

Answer

-external cephalic version (ECV)
-planned lower segment c/s

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417448918284

Tags

#obgyn

Question

When is the ideal time (GA) to perform external cephalic version (ECV)?

Answer

after 36 weeks

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417450753292

Tags

#obgyn

Question

Why is it ideal to perform an external cephalic version after 36 weeks?

Answer

-spontaneous version often occurs prior to 36 wks
-turning back to breech after 36 wks is uncommon
-and if complications requiring immediate delivery, fetus mature after 36 wks

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417453374732

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What are risks of ECV (external cephalic version)?

Answer

-intrauterine death secondary to cord accident
-feto-maternal hemorrhage (rare)
-abruption
-rupture of membranes
-labour
-fetal bradycardia necessitating immediate c/s (<1%)
-alloimmunization

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417455209740

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What should be done to prevent alloimmunization when performing an ECV?

Answer

give Rhogam if mom Rh -ve

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417457044748

Tags

#obgyn

Question

vag breech birth can be assc w/ higher risk of what than elective c/s?

Answer

perinatal mortality & short-term neonatal morbidity (e.g. seizures)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417458879756

Tags

#obgyn

Question

what outcome doesn't differ b/w vag breech birth & elective c/s?

Answer

long-term neurologic infant outcomes don't differ even when serious short-term morbidities present (through vag deliv)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417460714764

Tags

#obgyn

Question

do a pre/early labour US in breech presentation to assess:

Answer

-type of breech
-estimated fetal wt (EFW)
-attitude of fetal head (flexion preferred)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417462549772

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What should you do if US is not available in breech presentation?

Answer

c/s

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417464384780

Tags

#obgyn

Question

List 5 contraindications for labour in breech:

Answer

-cord presentation
-fetal growth restriction
-macrosomia
-any presentation other than frank/complete
-inadequate maternal pelvis
-fetal anomaly incompatible w/ vag deliv (e.g. hydrocephalus)
-woman refuses trial of vag breech birth

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417466219788

Tags

#obgyn

Question

At what range of estimated fetal wt (EFW) can we offer vag breech deliv?

Answer

2500-4000g (normal wt)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417468054796

Tags

#obgyn

Question

List 7 steps in labour management of vag breech deliv

Answer

-check maternal pelvis for any abn pelvic contraction
-good labour progress is best indicator that there's adequate room for fetus (c/s advised if labour progress inadequate)
-continuous fetal monitoring preferred
-check for prolapsed cord when membranes ruptured
-induction of labour is not recommended
-oxytocin augmentation of labour is acceptable if contractions are infreq/weak
-active 2nd stage (pushing) should be done near OR, prepared to perform C/S
-hcp for vag breech birth needs the skills & experience
-hcp skilled in neonatal resusc should be in attendance for deliv in case head is trapped or nuchal arms are irreducible (arms stuck behind head)
-once active pushing occurs, c/s recommended if deliv not imminent after 60 min

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417469889804

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What are methods of intrauterine resusc?

Answer

-change maternal position
-IV fluid
-O2
-stop oxy if abn tracing while in labour

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417471724812

Tags

#obgyn

Question

if fetal head doesn't restitute spontaneously in delivery, probably [...]

Answer

shoulder dystocia

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417473559820

Tags

#obgyn

Question

List 5 risk factors for shoulder dystocia

Answer

-post-term pregnancy
-maternal obesity
-fetal macrosomia
-prev shoulder dystocia
-operative vag deliv (c/s)
-prolonged labour
-poorly controlled DM

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417475394828

Tags

#obgyn

Question

maternal complications of shoulder dystocia (list 4)

Answer

-PPH
-uterine atony
-maternal lacerations
-uterine rupture

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417477229836

Tags

#obgyn

Question

fetal complications of shoulder dystocia (list 5)

Answer

-birth injuries
-fractures (clavicle, humerus)
-brachial plexus palsy
-hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE)
-death

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417479064844

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What causes brachial plexus palsy in a delivery with shoulder dystocia? what's affected?

Answer

-extreme lateral traction on head at C5,6 level
-forearm flexors & supinators affected, so arm will be extended & pronated (erb's palsy)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417480899852

Tags

#has-images #obgyn

Question

What is the pneumonic for a successful shoulder dystocia delivery?

Answer

A - ask for help (call for 'shoulders')
L - lift/hyperflex legs (McRobert's) - gives extra space at inlet (knees to ears)
A - ant shoulder disimpaction (mom should not be pushing during this)
---suprapubic presure (mazzanti)

original url: http://image.slidesharecdn.com/shoulderdystocia-130123061425-phpapp01/95/shoulder-dystocia-20-638.jpg?cb=1358921877

- ask nurse to do
---vaginal shoulder pressure (Rubin)
R - rotation of posterior shoulder (Woods' corkscrew maneuver) - also get mom to stop pushing
M - manual removal of posterior arm (delivering post arm can slide ant shoulder out)
E - episiotomy (just helps w/ access to post arm/shoulder)
R - roll over on all 4 (increases size of inlet)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417485094156

Tags

#obgyn

Question

If ALARMER maneuver doesn't deliver fetus with shoulder dystocia, other suggestions are:

Answer

-deliberate fracture of clavicle (very hard to do)
-symphysiotomy
-zavanelli maneuver (put fetus back in uterus & do c/s) - stop oxy, flex baby's head and push back as high as can

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417486929164

Tags

#obgyn

Question

DO NOT do what with shoulder dystocia delivery?

Answer

-pull (on head)
-push (on fundus)
-panic
-pivot (severely angulate head)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417488764172

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What should you document for a shoulder dystocia delivery?

Answer

-severity of shoulder dystocia
-maneuvers necessary to deliver
-recommendation (or not) of future vag deliv

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417556397324

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What is the gold standard method of assessment of baby in labour?

Answer

intermittent auscultation (IA)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417558232332

Tags

#obgyn

Question

early decels are due to?

Answer

vasovagal stimulation from pressure on head (scallop shaped decels)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417560067340

Tags

#obgyn

Question

List 5 maternal factors that reduce availability of oxygen to fetus which may result in abnormal fetal tracing.

Answer

(decreased maternal oxygen carrying capacity)
-significant anemia
-carboxyhemoglobin
(decreased uterine blood flow)
-hypotension
-regional anesthesia
-maternal poisoning
(chr maternal conditions)
-vasculopathies (SLE, T1DM, chr HTN)
-antiphospholipid syndrome

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417561902348

Tags

#obgyn

Question

List 4 utero-placental factors that can result in abnormal fetal tracings, due to reduced availability of oxygen to fetus.

Answer

(uterine hypertonus)
-hyperstimulation d/t oxytocin/prostaglandins/normal labour
-placental abruption
(uteroplacental dysfn)
-placental abruption
-placental infarction/dysfn marked by oligohydramnios/abn doppler studies
-chorioamnionitis

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417563737356

Tags

#obgyn

Question

List 5 fetal factors that can result in abnormal fetal tracings due to decreased oxygen delivery to the fetus.

Answer

-cord compression
-oligohydramnios
-cord prolapse/entanglement
-decreased fetal oxygen carrying capability
-significant anemia (isoimmunization, fetomaternal bleed)
-carboxyhemoglobin (smokers)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417565572364

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What must be present to declare intrapartum fetal asphyxia?

Answer

-apgar score 0 to 3 for >5 min
-neonatal neurologic sequelae (hypotonia, seizures, coma)
-evidence of multi-organ system dysfn in the immediate neonatal period
-umbilical cord arterial pH <7.0 and base deficit > 16 mmol/L

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417567407372

Tags

#obgyn

Question

respiratory acidosis (in pregnancy) develops [how fast] and disappears following [...]

Answer

rapidly; the first neonatal breaths

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417569242380

Tags

#obgyn

Question

List 5 causes of fetal bradycardia (<110 bpm)

Answer

• Maternal hypotension
• Drug effects
• Maternal position
• Umbilical cord occlusion
• Fetal hypoxia
• Fetal vagal stimulation (head compression)
• Fetal hypothermia
• Fetal acidosis
• Fetal cardiac conduction or structural defect

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417571077388

Tags

#obgyn

Question

respiratory acidosis (in preg) occurs in vessels when [...] is disrupted (e.g. cord compression). It's a part of normal delivery.

Answer

CO2 transport from fetus to placenta

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Open it
respiratory acidosis (in preg) occurs in vessels when CO2 transport from fetus to placenta is disrupted (e.g. cord compression). It's a part of normal delivery.

Flashcard 1417572650252

Tags

#obgyn

Question

respiratory acidosis (in preg) occurs in vessels when CO2 transport from fetus to placenta is disrupted (e.g. [...]). It's a part of normal delivery.

Answer

cord compression

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Open it
respiratory acidosis (in preg) occurs in vessels when CO2 transport from fetus to placenta is disrupted (e.g. cord compression). It's a part of normal delivery.

Flashcard 1417575533836

Tags

#obgyn

Question

Metabolic acidosis (in preg) develops as a result of [...] that causes the fetus to shift to anaerobic metabolism to maintain positive energy balance. Metabolic acidosis is generated in hypoxic tissues, takes longer to develop and disappear, and has the potential to cause significant fetal damage.

Answer

fetal hypoxia

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Open it
Metabolic acidosis (in preg) develops as a result of fetal hypoxia that causes the fetus to shift to anaerobic metabolism to maintain positive energy balance. Metabolic acidosis is generated in hypoxic tissues, takes longer to develop and disappear, a

Flashcard 1417577106700

Tags

#obgyn

Question

Metabolic acidosis (in preg) develops as a result of fetal hypoxia that causes the fetus to shift to [...] to maintain positive energy balance. Metabolic acidosis is generated in hypoxic tissues, takes longer to develop and disappear, and has the potential to cause significant fetal damage.

Answer

anaerobic metabolism

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417578679564

Tags

#obgyn

Question

Metabolic acidosis (in preg) develops as a result of fetal hypoxia that causes the fetus to shift to anaerobic metabolism to maintain positive energy balance. Metabolic acidosis is generated in [...], takes longer to develop and disappear, and has the potential to cause significant fetal damage.

Answer

hypoxic tissues

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417580252428

Tags

#obgyn

Question

Metabolic acidosis (in preg) develops as a result of fetal hypoxia that causes the fetus to shift to anaerobic metabolism to maintain positive energy balance. Metabolic acidosis is generated in hypoxic tissues, takes [...] to develop and disappear, and has the potential to cause significant fetal damage.

Answer

longer

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Open it
<head>Metabolic acidosis (in preg) develops as a result of fetal hypoxia that causes the fetus to shift to anaerobic metabolism to maintain positive energy balance. Metabolic acidosis is generated in hypoxic tissues, takes longer to develop and disappear, and has the potential to cause significant fetal damage.<html>

Flashcard 1417581825292

Tags

#obgyn

Question

Metabolic acidosis (in preg) develops as a result of fetal hypoxia that causes the fetus to shift to anaerobic metabolism to maintain positive energy balance. Metabolic acidosis is generated in hypoxic tissues, takes longer to develop and disappear, and has the potential to cause [...].

Answer

significant fetal damage

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Open it
s a result of fetal hypoxia that causes the fetus to shift to anaerobic metabolism to maintain positive energy balance. Metabolic acidosis is generated in hypoxic tissues, takes longer to develop and disappear, and has the potential to cause <span>significant fetal damage.<span><body><html>

Flashcard 1417584708876

Tags

#obgyn

Question

List 5 causes for fetal tachycardia (>160 bpm)

Answer

• Maternal: fever, infection, dehydration, hyperthyroidism, anxiety, drugs, anemia
• Fetal: infection, prolonged fetal activity, chronic hypoxemia, cardiac abnormality, congenital anomalies, anemia

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417587330316

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What are the characteristics of variable decels (FHR)?

Answer

Abrupt decrease in FHR > 15 bpm below baseline for at least 15 sec but < 2 min

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417589165324

Tags

#obgyn

Question

[...] decel (FHR) is reflex vagal response due to head compression; not normally associated with fetal acidemia

Answer

Early

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Open it
Early decel (FHR) is reflex vagal response due to head compression; not normally associated with fetal acidemia

Flashcard 1417590738188

Tags

#obgyn

Question

Early decel (FHR) is reflex vagal response due to [...]; not normally associated with fetal acidemia

Answer

head compression

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Open it
Early decel (FHR) is reflex vagal response due to head compression; not normally associated with fetal acidemia

Flashcard 1417592311052

Tags

#obgyn

Question

Early decel (FHR) is reflex vagal response due to head compression; not normally associated with [...]

Answer

fetal acidemia

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Open it
Early decel (FHR) is reflex vagal response due to head compression; not normally associated with fetal acidemia

Flashcard 1417595194636

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What are the characteristics of abn variable decels (FHR)?

Answer

Abnormal variable decelerations if: <70 bpm, >60 sec, prolonged return to baseline, loss of variability in baseline FHR

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417597029644

Tags

#obgyn

Question

What are variable decels associated with? What about abn variable decels?

Answer

Associated with vagal stimulation due to cord compression or head compression in 2nd stage
If abnormal variable decels, may be associated with fetal acidemia

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Flashcard 1417598864652

Tags

#obgyn

Question

Late decels indicate poor oxygenation and can occur with: (list 5 causes)

Answer

altered maternal blood flow to placenta (maternal hypotension); reduced maternal oxygen saturation; placental insufficiency; uterine hypertonus; fetal academia

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

Edited, memorised or added to reading queue

on 09-Nov-2016 (Wed)

Parent (intermediate) annotation

Original toplevel document

Parent (intermediate) annotation

Original toplevel document