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Gin Web Framework
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Tutorial: Developing a RESTful API with Go and Gin - The Go Programming Language
ms Write a handler to add a new item Write a handler to return a specific item Conclusion Completed code This tutorial introduces the basics of writing a RESTful web service API with Go and the <span>Gin Web Framework (Gin). You’ll get the most out of this tutorial if you have a basic familiarity with Go and its tooling. If this is your first exposure to Go, please see Tutorial: Get started with Go f




Gin Web Framework
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Tutorial: Developing a RESTful API with Go and Gin - The Go Programming Language
ms Write a handler to add a new item Write a handler to return a specific item Conclusion Completed code This tutorial introduces the basics of writing a RESTful web service API with Go and the <span>Gin Web Framework (Gin). You’ll get the most out of this tutorial if you have a basic familiarity with Go and its tooling. If this is your first exposure to Go, please see Tutorial: Get started with Go f




You can use maps.Values from the golang.org/x/exp package.

Values returns the values of the map m. The values will be in an indeterminate order.

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dictionary - In Go how to get a slice of values from a map? - Stack Overflow
com/a/13427931/3172371 "hits" the target. – Mihail Jul 25, 2022 at 18:15 Add a comment | This answer is useful 61 This answer is not useful Save this answer. Show activity on this post. Go 1.18 <span>You can use maps.Values from the golang.org/x/exp package. Values returns the values of the map m. The values will be in an indeterminate order. func main() { m := map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b", 3: "c", 4: "d"} v := maps.Values(m) fmt.Println(v) } The package exp includes experimental code. The signatures may or may not change i




It will be easier to make the switch to React Router v6 if you upgrade to v5.1 first. In v5.1, we released an enhancement to the handling of <Route children> elements that will help smooth the transition to v6. Instead of using <Route component> and <Route render> props, just use regular element <Route children> everywhere and use hooks to access the router's internal state.
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Upgrading from v5 v6.21.1 | React Router
thout touching any of your router code. Once you've upgraded to React 16.8, you should deploy your app. Then you can come back later and pick up where you left off. Upgrade to React Router v5.1 <span>It will be easier to make the switch to React Router v6 if you upgrade to v5.1 first. In v5.1, we released an enhancement to the handling of <Route children> elements that will help smooth the transition to v6. Instead of using <Route component> and <Route render> props, just use regular element <Route children> everywhere and use hooks to access the router's internal state. // v4 and v5 before 5.1 function User({ id }) { // ... } function App() { return ( <Switch> <Route exact path="/" component={Home} /> <Route path="/about" component={Abou




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Writing Web Applications - The Go Programming Language
dy (the page content). Here, we define Page as a struct with two fields representing the title and body. type Page struct { Title string Body []byte } The type []byte means "a byte slice". (See <span>Slices: usage and internals for more on slices.) The Body element is a []byte rather than string because that is the type expected by the io libraries we will use, as you'll see below. The Page struct describes ho




you’ll write a function that declares type parameters in addition to its ordinary function parameters. These type parameters make the function generic, enabling it to work with arguments of different types. You’ll call the function with type arguments and ordinary function arguments.

Each type parameter has a type constraint that acts as a kind of meta-type for the type parameter. Each type constraint specifies the permissible type arguments that calling code can use for the respective type parameter.

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Tutorial: Getting started with generics - The Go Programming Language
ngle function will need a way to declare what types it supports. Calling code, on the other hand, will need a way to specify whether it is calling with an integer or float map. To support this, <span>you’ll write a function that declares type parameters in addition to its ordinary function parameters. These type parameters make the function generic, enabling it to work with arguments of different types. You’ll call the function with type arguments and ordinary function arguments. Each type parameter has a type constraint that acts as a kind of meta-type for the type parameter. Each type constraint specifies the permissible type arguments that calling code can use for the respective type parameter. While a type parameter’s constraint typically represents a set of types, at compile time the type parameter stands for a single type – the type provided as a type argument by the callin




While a type parameter’s constraint typically represents a set of types, at compile time the type parameter stands for a single type – the type provided as a type argument by the calling code. If the type argument’s type isn’t allowed by the type parameter’s constraint, the code won’t compile.

Keep in mind that a type parameter must support all the operations the generic code is performing on it. For example, if your function’s code were to try to perform string operations (such as indexing) on a type parameter whose constraint included numeric types, the code wouldn’t compile.

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Tutorial: Getting started with generics - The Go Programming Language
pe constraint that acts as a kind of meta-type for the type parameter. Each type constraint specifies the permissible type arguments that calling code can use for the respective type parameter. <span>While a type parameter’s constraint typically represents a set of types, at compile time the type parameter stands for a single type – the type provided as a type argument by the calling code. If the type argument’s type isn’t allowed by the type parameter’s constraint, the code won’t compile. Keep in mind that a type parameter must support all the operations the generic code is performing on it. For example, if your function’s code were to try to perform string operations (such as indexing) on a type parameter whose constraint included numeric types, the code wouldn’t compile. In the code you’re about to write, you’ll use a constraint that allows either integer or float types. Write the code Beneath the two functions you added previously, paste the following




Specify for the V type parameter a constraint that is a union of two types: int64 and float64. Using | specifies a union of the two types, meaning that this constraint allows either type. Either type will be permitted by the compiler as an argument in the calling code.
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Tutorial: Getting started with generics - The Go Programming Language
es that map keys be comparable. So declaring K as comparable is necessary so you can use K as the key in the map variable. It also ensures that calling code uses an allowable type for map keys. <span>Specify for the V type parameter a constraint that is a union of two types: int64 and float64. Using | specifies a union of the two types, meaning that this constraint allows either type. Either type will be permitted by the compiler as an argument in the calling code. Specify that the m argument is of type map[K]V, where K and V are the types already specified for the type parameters. Note that we know map[K]V is a valid map type because K is a compa




Specify for the K type parameter the type constraint comparable. Intended specifically for cases like these, the comparable constraint is predeclared in Go. It allows any type whose values may be used as an operand of the comparison operators == and !=. Go requires that map keys be comparable.
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Tutorial: Getting started with generics - The Go Programming Language
mIntsOrFloats function with two type parameters (inside the square brackets), K and V, and one argument that uses the type parameters, m of type map[K]V. The function returns a value of type V. <span>Specify for the K type parameter the type constraint comparable. Intended specifically for cases like these, the comparable constraint is predeclared in Go. It allows any type whose values may be used as an operand of the comparison operators == and !=. Go requires that map keys be comparable. So declaring K as comparable is necessary so you can use K as the key in the map variable. It also ensures that calling code uses an allowable type for map keys. Specify for the V type




You can omit type arguments in calling code when the Go compiler can infer the types you want to use. The compiler infers type arguments from the types of function arguments.

Note that this isn’t always possible. For example, if you needed to call a generic function that had no arguments, you would need to include the type arguments in the function call.

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Tutorial: Getting started with generics - The Go Programming Language
this section, you’ll add a modified version of the generic function call, making a small change to simplify the calling code. You’ll remove the type arguments, which aren’t needed in this case. <span>You can omit type arguments in calling code when the Go compiler can infer the types you want to use. The compiler infers type arguments from the types of function arguments. Note that this isn’t always possible. For example, if you needed to call a generic function that had no arguments, you would need to include the type arguments in the function call. Write the code In main.go, beneath the code you already have, paste the following code. fmt.Printf("Generic Sums, type parameters inferred: %v and %v\n", SumIntsOrFloats(ints), SumIntsO




You declare a type constraint as an interface. The constraint allows any type implementing the interface. For example, if you declare a type constraint interface with three methods, then use it with a type parameter in a generic function, type arguments used to call the function must have all of those methods.

Constraint interfaces can also refer to specific types

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Tutorial: Getting started with generics - The Go Programming Language
raint you defined earlier into its own interface so that you can reuse it in multiple places. Declaring constraints in this way helps streamline code, such as when a constraint is more complex. <span>You declare a type constraint as an interface. The constraint allows any type implementing the interface. For example, if you declare a type constraint interface with three methods, then use it with a type parameter in a generic function, type arguments used to call the function must have all of those methods. Constraint interfaces can also refer to specific types, as you’ll see in this section. Write the code Just above main, immediately after the import statements, paste the following code to declare a type constraint. type Number interface { i




declare a type constraint.

type Number interface { int64 | float64
}
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Tutorial: Getting started with generics - The Go Programming Language
hods. Constraint interfaces can also refer to specific types, as you’ll see in this section. Write the code Just above main, immediately after the import statements, paste the following code to <span>declare a type constraint. type Number interface { int64 | float64 } In this code, you: Declare the Number interface type to use as a type constraint. Declare a union of int64 and float64 inside the interface. Essentially, you’re moving the union from th




The number and order of the columns is fixed, and each column has a name. The number of rows is variable — it reflects how much data is stored at a given moment
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When a table is read, the rows will appear in an unspecified order, unless sorting is explicitly requested
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SQL does not assign unique identifiers to rows, so it is possible to have several completely identical rows in a table.
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Each column has a data type. The data type constrains the set of possible values that can be assigned to a column and assigns semantics to the data stored in the column so that it can be used for computations
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date for dates, time for time-of-day values, and timestamp for values containing both date and time
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the column list is comma-separated and surrounded by parentheses
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Mamba is fully compatible with conda packages and supports most of conda’s commands
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Welcome to Mamba’s documentation! — documentation
ome to Mamba’s documentation! Welcome to Mamba’s documentation!# Mamba is a fast, robust, and cross-platform package manager. It runs on Windows, OS X and Linux (ARM64 and PPC64LE included) and <span>is fully compatible with conda packages and supports most of conda’s commands. The mamba-org organization hosts multiple Mamba flavors: mamba: a Python-based CLI conceived as a drop-in replacement for conda, offering higher speed and more reliable environment sol




The mamba-org organization hosts multiple Mamba flavors:

  • mamba : a Python-based CLI conceived as a drop-in replacement for conda , offering higher speed and more reliable environment solutions

  • micromamba : a pure C++-based CLI, self-contained in a single-file executable

  • libmamba : a C++ library exposing low-level and high-level APIs on top of which both mamba and micromamba are built

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Welcome to Mamba’s documentation! — documentation
t, robust, and cross-platform package manager. It runs on Windows, OS X and Linux (ARM64 and PPC64LE included) and is fully compatible with conda packages and supports most of conda’s commands. <span>The mamba-org organization hosts multiple Mamba flavors: mamba: a Python-based CLI conceived as a drop-in replacement for conda, offering higher speed and more reliable environment solutions micromamba: a pure C++-based CLI, self-contained in a single-file executable libmamba: a C++ library exposing low-level and high-level APIs on top of which both mamba and micromamba are built Note In this documentation, Mamba will refer to all flavors while flavor-specific details will mention mamba, micromamba or libmamba. Note micromamba is especially well fitted for the C




Fresh install (recommended)#

We recommend that you start with the Miniforge distribution >= Miniforge3-22.3.1-0 . If you need an older version of Mamba, please use the Mambaforge distribution. Miniforge comes with the popular conda-forge channel preconfigured, but you can modify the configuration to use any channel you like.

After successful installation, you can use the mamba commands as described in mamba user guide .

Note

  1. After installation, please make sure that you do not have the Anaconda default channels configured.

  2. Do not install anything into the base environment as this might break your installation. See here for details.

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Mamba Installation — documentation
oduction visibility Start Free Ad by EthicalAds · ℹ️ .rst .pdf Mamba Installation Contents Fresh install (recommended) Existing conda install (not recommended) Docker images Mamba Installation# <span>Fresh install (recommended)# We recommend that you start with the Miniforge distribution >= Miniforge3-22.3.1-0. If you need an older version of Mamba, please use the Mambaforge distribution. Miniforge comes with the popular conda-forge channel preconfigured, but you can modify the configuration to use any channel you like. After successful installation, you can use the mamba commands as described in mamba user guide. Note After installation, please make sure that you do not have the Anaconda default channels configured. Do not install anything into the base environment as this might break your installation. See here for details. Existing conda install (not recommended)# Warning This way of installing Mamba is not recommended. We strongly recommend to use the Miniforge method (see above). To get mamba, just inst




micromamba is a fully statically-linked, self-contained, executable
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Micromamba Installation — documentation
gers Homebrew Mamba-org releases Install script Self updates Manual installation Linux and macOS Windows Nightly builds Docker images Build from source Shell completion Micromamba Installation# <span>micromamba is a fully statically-linked, self-contained, executable. This means that the base environment is completely empty. The configuration for micromamba is slighly different, namely all environments and cache will be created by default under the




For now, only micromamba provides shell completion on bash and zsh .

To activate it, it’s as simple as running:

 micromamba shell completion
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Micromamba Installation — documentation
build build/ --parallel You will find the executable under “build/micromamba/micromamba”. The executable can be striped to remove its size: strip "build/micromamba/micromamba" Shell completion# <span>For now, only micromamba provides shell completion on bash and zsh. To activate it, it’s as simple as running: micromamba shell completion The completion is now available in any new shell opened or in the current shell after sourcing the configuration file to take modifications into account. source ~/.<shell>rc Just




#has-images

In Unix-like platforms, installing a piece of software consists of placing files in subdirectories of an “installation prefix”:

  • no file is placed outside of the installation prefix

  • dependencies must be installed in the same prefix (or standard system prefixes with lower precedence)

Note

Examples on Unix: the root of the filesystem, the /usr/ and /usr/local/ directories.

A prefix is a fully self-contained and portable installation. To disambiguate with root prefix , prefix is often referred to as target prefix. Without an explicit target or root prefix, you can assume it refers to a target prefix.
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Concepts — documentation
n Deactivation Concepts# A few concepts are extensively used in Mamba and in this documentation as well. You should start by getting familiar with those as a starting point. Prefix/Environment# <span>In Unix-like platforms, installing a piece of software consists of placing files in subdirectories of an “installation prefix”: no file is placed outside of the installation prefix dependencies must be installed in the same prefix (or standard system prefixes with lower precedence) Note Examples on Unix: the root of the filesystem, the /usr/ and /usr/local/ directories. A prefix is a fully self-contained and portable installation. To disambiguate with root prefix, prefix is often referred to as target prefix. Without an explicit target or root prefix, you can assume it refers to a target prefix. An environment is just another name for a target prefix. Mamba’s environments are similar to virtual environments as seen in Python’s virtualenv and similar software, but more powerful




An environment is just another name for a target prefix.

Mamba’s environments are similar to virtual environments as seen in Python’s virtualenv and similar software, but more powerful since Mamba also manages native dependencies and generalizes the virtual environment concept to many programming languages.

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Concepts — documentation
nd portable installation. To disambiguate with root prefix, prefix is often referred to as target prefix. Without an explicit target or root prefix, you can assume it refers to a target prefix. <span>An environment is just another name for a target prefix. Mamba’s environments are similar to virtual environments as seen in Python’s virtualenv and similar software, but more powerful since Mamba also manages native dependencies and generalizes the virtual environment concept to many programming languages. Root prefix# When downloading for the first time the index of packages for resolution of the environment, or the packages themselves, a cache is generated to speed up future operations:




Root prefix#

When downloading for the first time the index of packages for resolution of the environment, or the packages themselves, a cache is generated to speed up future operations:

  • the index has a configurable time-to-live (TTL) during which it will be considered as valid

  • the packages are preferentially hard-linked to the cache location

This cache is shared by all environments or target prefixes based on the same root prefix. Basically, that cache directory is a subdirectory located at $root_prefix/pkgs/ .

The root prefix also provide a convenient structure to store environments $root_prefix/envs/ , even if you are free to create an environment elsewhere.

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Concepts — documentation
s seen in Python’s virtualenv and similar software, but more powerful since Mamba also manages native dependencies and generalizes the virtual environment concept to many programming languages. <span>Root prefix# When downloading for the first time the index of packages for resolution of the environment, or the packages themselves, a cache is generated to speed up future operations: the index has a configurable time-to-live (TTL) during which it will be considered as valid the packages are preferentially hard-linked to the cache location This cache is shared by all environments or target prefixes based on the same root prefix. Basically, that cache directory is a subdirectory located at $root_prefix/pkgs/. The root prefix also provide a convenient structure to store environments $root_prefix/envs/, even if you are free to create an environment elsewhere. Base environment# The base environment is the environment located at the root prefix. This is a legacy environment from conda implementation that is still heavily used. The base environ




The base environment is the environment located at the root prefix.

This is a legacy environment from conda implementation that is still heavily used. The base environment contains the conda and mamba installation alongside a Python installation (since mamba and conda require Python to run). mamba and conda , being themselves Python packages, are installed in the base environment, making the CLIs available in all activated environments based on this base environment.

Note

You can’t create the base environment because it’s already part of the root prefix structure. Directly install in base instead.

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Concepts — documentation
d at $root_prefix/pkgs/. The root prefix also provide a convenient structure to store environments $root_prefix/envs/, even if you are free to create an environment elsewhere. Base environment# <span>The base environment is the environment located at the root prefix. This is a legacy environment from conda implementation that is still heavily used. The base environment contains the conda and mamba installation alongside a Python installation (since mamba and conda require Python to run). mamba and conda, being themselves Python packages, are installed in the base environment, making the CLIs available in all activated environments based on this base environment. Note You can’t create the base environment because it’s already part of the root prefix structure. Directly install in base instead. Activation/Deactivation# Activation# The activation of an environment makes all its contents available to your shell. It mainly adds target prefix subdirectories to your $PATH environme




Activation#

The activation of an environment makes all its contents available to your shell. It mainly adds target prefix subdirectories to your $PATH environment variable.

Note

activation implementation is platform dependent.

When activating an environment from another, you can choose to stack or not upon the currently activated env. Stacking will result in a new intermediate prefix : system prefix < base < env1 < env2 .

Deactivation#

The deactivation is the opposite operation of activation , removing from your shell what makes the environment content accessible.

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Concepts — documentation
nts based on this base environment. Note You can’t create the base environment because it’s already part of the root prefix structure. Directly install in base instead. Activation/Deactivation# <span>Activation# The activation of an environment makes all its contents available to your shell. It mainly adds target prefix subdirectories to your $PATH environment variable. Note activation implementation is platform dependent. When activating an environment from another, you can choose to stack or not upon the currently activated env. Stacking will result in a new intermediate prefix: system prefix < base < env1 < env2. Deactivation# The deactivation is the opposite operation of activation, removing from your shell what makes the environment content accessible. previous Micromamba Installation next Mamba User Guide Contents Prefix/Environment Root prefix Base environment Activation/Deactivation Activation Deactivation By QuantStack & mamba




You can create an environment with the name nameofmyenv by calling:

 mamba create - n nameofmyenv < list of packages > 

After this process has finished, you can _activate_ the virtual environment by calling mamba activate <nameofmyenv> . For example, to install JupyterLab from the conda-forge channel and then run it, you could use the following commands:

 mamba create - n myjlabenv jupyterlab - c conda - forge mamba activate myjlabenv # activate our environment jupyter lab # this will start up jupyter lab and open a browser 

Once an environment is activated, mamba install can be used to install further packages into the environment.

 mamba activate myjlabenv mamba install bqplot # now you can use bqplot in myjlabenv mamba install "matplotlib>=3.5.0" cartopy # now you installed matplotlib with 
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Mamba User Guide — documentation
his world, don’t panic you will find everything you need in this documentation. We recommend to get familiar with concepts first. Quickstart# The mamba create command creates a new environment. <span>You can create an environment with the name nameofmyenv by calling: mamba create -n nameofmyenv <list of packages> After this process has finished, you can _activate_ the virtual environment by calling mamba activate <nameofmyenv>. For example, to install JupyterLab from the conda-forge channel and then run it, you could use the following commands: mamba create -n myjlabenv jupyterlab -c conda-forge mamba activate myjlabenv # activate our environment jupyter lab # this will start up jupyter lab and open a browser Once an environment is activated, mamba install can be used to install further packages into the environment. mamba activate myjlabenv mamba install bqplot # now you can use bqplot in myjlabenv mamba install "matplotlib>=3.5.0" cartopy # now you installed matplotlib with version>=3.5.0 and default version of cartopy mamba vs conda CLIs# mamba is a drop-in replacement and uses the same commands and configuration options as conda. You can swap almost a




micromamba supports a subset of all mamba or conda commands and implements a command line interface from scratch.
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Micromamba User Guide — documentation
ge manager. It is a statically linked C++ executable with a separate command line interface. It does not need a base environment and does not come with a default version of Python. Quickstarts# <span>micromamba supports a subset of all mamba or conda commands and implements a command line interface from scratch. You can see all implemented commands with micromamba --help: $ micromamba --help Subcommands: shell Generate shell init scripts create Create new environment install Install packages in




Specification files
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Micromamba User Guide — documentation
───────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Confirm changes: [Y/n] ... After the installation is finished, the environment can be activated with: $ micromamba activate xtensor_env <span>Specification files# The create syntax also allows you to use specification or environment files (also called spec files) to easily re-create environments. The supported syntaxes are: Simple text spec file




Conda (package manager)
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Conda (package manager) - Wikipedia
Conda (package manager) - Wikipedia Home Random Nearby Log in Settings Donate About Wikipedia Disclaimers Search Conda (package manager) Article Talk Language Watch Edit This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages




Psycopg is the most popular PostgreSQL database adapter for the Python programming language. Its main features are the complete implementation of the Python DB API 2.0 specification and the thread safety (several threads can share the same connection). It was designed for heavily multi-threaded applications that create and destroy lots of cursors and make a large number of concurrent INSERT s or UPDATE s.
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Psycopg – PostgreSQL database adapter for Python — Psycopg 2.9.9 documentation
Psycopg – PostgreSQL database adapter for Python — Psycopg 2.9.9 documentation Psycopg 2.9.9 documentation Installation → Home Psycopg – PostgreSQL database adapter for Python¶ Psycopg is the most popular PostgreSQL database adapter for the Python programming language. Its main features are the complete implementation of the Python DB API 2.0 specification and the thread safety (several threads can share the same connection). It was designed for heavily multi-threaded applications that create and destroy lots of cursors and make a large number of concurrent INSERTs or UPDATEs. Psycopg 2 is mostly implemented in C as a libpq wrapper, resulting in being both efficient and secure. It features client-side and server-side cursors, asynchronous communication and no




Psycopg 2 is mostly implemented in C as a libpq wrapper, resulting in being both efficient and secure. It features client-side and server-side cursors, asynchronous communication and notifications , COPY support. Many Python types are supported out-of-the-box and adapted to matching PostgreSQL data types ; adaptation can be extended and customized thanks to a flexible objects adaptation system .

Psycopg 2 is both Unicode and Python 3 friendly.

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Psycopg – PostgreSQL database adapter for Python — Psycopg 2.9.9 documentation
threads can share the same connection). It was designed for heavily multi-threaded applications that create and destroy lots of cursors and make a large number of concurrent INSERTs or UPDATEs. <span>Psycopg 2 is mostly implemented in C as a libpq wrapper, resulting in being both efficient and secure. It features client-side and server-side cursors, asynchronous communication and notifications, COPY support. Many Python types are supported out-of-the-box and adapted to matching PostgreSQL data types; adaptation can be extended and customized thanks to a flexible objects adaptation system. Psycopg 2 is both Unicode and Python 3 friendly. Contents Installation Quick Install Prerequisites Non-standard builds Running the test suite If you still have problems Basic module usage Passing parameters to SQL queries Adaptation o




Article 7608239000844

What I learn about exFat and allocation unit size

Recently, I became a Mac user again (I was one back in the 90's). I attempted to hook up some usb drives to the Mac and notice a number of different problems: 1) native support for NTFS is rather limited. 2) There are some quirks to exFat. For this post, we will limit the discussion to exfat. I notice two things about the Mac OS Big Sur implementation of exfat Mac seems to be finicky about unit allocation size. Mac's exfat is significantly slower than the other file formats. Unit Allocation Size When I connect an exfat drive formatted on a PC, it refused to mount on the Mac. After some experimentation, it turns out to be a unit allocation issue. Mac Big Sur can only mount drives with a unit allocation size of 1024K or less. If your drive is formatted with unit allocation larger than that, it will fail to mount. This is because on larger drives, the Mac will expand a larger Unit allocation, which may be different than the default on a PC. For a 5 Tb drive, Macs



database adapters implementing the DB API 2.0
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Basic module usage — Psycopg 2.9.9 documentation
> Basic module usage — Psycopg 2.9.9 documentation Psycopg 2.9.9 documentation ← Installation The psycopg2 module content → Home Basic module usage¶ The basic Psycopg usage is common to all the <span>database adapters implementing the DB API 2.0 protocol. Here is an interactive session showing some of the basic commands: >>> import psycopg2 # Connect to an existing database >>> conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname=




Trigger functions can be written in most of the available procedural languages, including PL/pgSQL (Chapter 43), PL/Tcl (Chapter 44), PL/Perl (Chapter 45), and PL/Python (Chapter 46).
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It is also possible to write a trigger function in C, although most people find it easier to use one of the procedural languages
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It is not currently possible to write a trigger function in the plain SQL function language
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The spacing effect was reported by a German psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus in 1885. He observed that we tend to remember things more effectively, if we spread reviews out over time, instead of studying multiple times in one session.
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Background - Anki Manual
are using paper flashcards, it's easy to flick through all of them if you only have 30 of them to review, but as the number grows to 300 or 3000, it quickly becomes unwieldy. Spaced Repetition <span>The spacing effect was reported by a German psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus in 1885. He observed that we tend to remember things more effectively, if we spread reviews out over time, instead of studying multiple times in one session. Since the 1930s, there have been a number of proposals for utilizing the spacing effect to improve learning, in what has come to be called spaced repetition. One example was in 1972, wh




Anki's spaced repetition system is based on an older version of the SuperMemo algorithm called SM-2.
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Background - Anki Manual
ishing library of add-ons contributed by end-users. It is multi-platform, running on Windows, macOS, Linux/FreeBSD, and some mobile devices. And it is considerably easier to use than SuperMemo. <span>Anki's spaced repetition system is based on an older version of the SuperMemo algorithm called SM-2. <span>




For a quick way to dive into Anki, please have a look at these intro videos. Some were made with a previous Anki version, but the concepts are the same.

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Getting Started - Anki Manual
ts Cards Types of Cards Decks Notes & Fields Card Types Note Types Collection Shared Decks Installing & Upgrading Please see the instructions for your computer: Windows Mac Linux Videos <span>For a quick way to dive into Anki, please have a look at these intro videos. Some were made with a previous Anki version, but the concepts are the same. Shared Decks and Review Basics Syncing Switching Card Order Styling Cards Typing in the Answer If YouTube is unavailable in your country, you can download the videos instead. Key Concepts Cards A question and answer pair is called a 'card'. This is based on a paper flashcard with




  • New: A new card is one that you have downloaded or entered in, but have never studied before.

  • Learning: Cards that were seen for the first time recently, and are still being learnt.

  • Review: Cards that were previously learnt, and now need to be reviewed so you don’t forget them. There are two types of review cards:

    • Young: A young card is one that has an interval of less than 21 days, but is not in learning.
    • Mature: A mature card is one that has an interval of 21 days or greater.
  • Relearn: A relearning card is a card that you have failed in review mode, thus returning it to learning mode to be relearned.

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    Getting Started - Anki Manual
    ows you: Q: Chemical symbol for oxygen? A: O After confirming that you are correct, you can tell Anki how well you remembered, and Anki will choose a next time to show you again. Types of Cards <span>New: A new card is one that you have downloaded or entered in, but have never studied before. Learning: Cards that were seen for the first time recently, and are still being learnt. Review: Cards that were previously learnt, and now need to be reviewed so you don’t forget them. There are two types of review cards: Young: A young card is one that has an interval of less than 21 days, but is not in learning. Mature: A mature card is one that has an interval of 21 days or greater. Relearn: A relearning card is a card that you have failed in review mode, thus returning it to learning mode to be relearned. Decks A 'deck' is a group of cards. You can place cards in different decks to study parts of your card collection instead of studying everything at once. Each deck can have different se




    Anki starts with a deck called “default”; any cards which have somehow become separated from other decks will go here. Anki will hide the default deck if it contains no cards and you have added other decks. Alternatively, you may rename this deck and use it for other cards
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    Getting Started - Anki Manual
    t have been nested under another deck (that is, that have at least one “::” in their names) are often called 'subdecks', and top-level decks are sometimes called 'superdecks' or 'parent decks'. <span>Anki starts with a deck called “default”; any cards which have somehow become separated from other decks will go here. Anki will hide the default deck if it contains no cards and you have added other decks. Alternatively, you may rename this deck and use it for other cards. Decks are displayed in the deck list alphabetically. This can result in a surprising order if your decks contain numbers - for example, "My Deck 10" will come before "My Deck 9", as 1