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Flashcard 1425522953484

Tags

#cfa-level-1 #economics #economics-in-a-global-context #los #reading-20-international-trade-and-capital-flows

Question

GDP is more widely used as a measure of economic activity occurring within the country, which, in turn, affects employment, growth, and the [...].

Answer

investment environment

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GDP is more widely used as a measure of economic activity occurring within the country, which, in turn, affects employment, growth, and the investment environment.

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2.1. Basic Terminology
f citizens who work abroad (for example, Pakistan and Portugal), and/or pay more for the use of foreign-owned capital in domestic production than they earn on the capital they own abroad (for example, Brazil and Canada). Therefore, GDP is more widely used as a measure of economic activity occurring within the country, which, in turn, affects employment, growth, and the investment environment. Imports are goods and services that a domestic economy (i.e., households, firms, and government) purchases from other countries. For example, the US economy imports (purch

Flashcard 1425602120972

Tags

#cfa-level #economics #microeconomics #reading-13-demand-and-supply-analysis-introduction #study-session-4

Question

Demand and supply analysis is the study of [...]

Answer

how buyers and sellers interact to determine transaction prices and quantities.

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Demand and supply analysis is the study of how buyers and sellers interact to determine transaction prices and quantities.

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1. INTRODUCTION
f individual economic units, including consumers and businesses. Microeconomics is a logical starting point for the study of economics. This reading focuses on a fundamental subject in microeconomics: demand and supply analysis. Demand and supply analysis is the study of how buyers and sellers interact to determine transaction prices and quantities. As we will see, prices simultaneously reflect both the value to the buyer of the next (or marginal) unit and the cost to the seller of that unit. In private enterprise market economies,

Flashcard 1425616538892

Tags

#cfa-level #economics #microeconomics #reading-13-demand-and-supply-analysis-introduction #study-session-4

Question

This reading is organized as follows.

Section 2 explains how economists classify markets.

Section 3 covers the basic principles and concepts of demand and supply analysis of markets.

Section 4 introduces measures of sensitivity of demand to [...]

Answer

changes in prices and income.

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llows. Section 2 explains how economists classify markets. Section 3 covers the basic principles and concepts of demand and supply analysis of markets. Section 4 introduces measures of sensitivity of demand to changes in prices and income. <body><html>

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1. INTRODUCTION
s to converge to an equilibrium price? What are the conditions that would make that equilibrium stable or unstable in response to external shocks? How do different types of auctions affect price discovery? This reading is organized as follows. Section 2 explains how economists classify markets. Section 3 covers the basic principles and concepts of demand and supply analysis of markets. Section 4 introduces measures of sensitivity of demand to changes in prices and income. A summary and practice problems conclude the reading. <body><html>

Flashcard 1430341684492

Tags

#cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #microeconomics #reading-13-demand-and-supply-analysis-introduction #study-session-4

Question

In our example, there are three exogenous variables (I, P_y, and W) and three endogenous variables: P_x, Qdx , and Qsx .

Hence, we have a system of two equations and three unknowns. We need another equation to solve this system. That equation is called the equilibrium condition , and it is simply [...] .

Answer

Qdx=Qsx

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and three endogenous variables: P x , Qdx , and Qsx . Hence, we have a system of two equations and three unknowns. We need another equation to solve this system. That equation is called the equilibrium condition , and it is simply Qdx=Qsx .<body><html>

Original toplevel document

3.6. Market Equilibrium
e of the demand and supply model of this particular market. Because of that, they are called exogenous variables . Price and quantity, however, are determined within the model for this particular market and are called endogenous variables . In our simple example, there are three exogenous variables (I, P y , and W) and three endogenous variables: P x , Qdx , and Qsx . Hence, we have a system of two equations and three unknowns. We need another equation to solve this system. That equation is called the equilibrium condition , and it is simply Qdx=Qsx . Continuing with our hypothetical examples, we could assume that income equals $50 (thousand, per year), the price of automobiles equals $20 (thousand, per automobile), and

Flashcard 1432236985612

Tags

#cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #microeconomics #reading-14-demand-and-supply-analysis-consumer-demand #section-2-consumer-theory-from-preferences-to-demand-function #study-session-4-microeconomics-analysis

Question

Consumer theory explores consumers’ willingness to [...], both of which the consumer finds beneficial.

Answer

trade off between two goods (or two baskets of goods)

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Consumer theory explores consumers’ willingness to trade off between two goods (or two baskets of goods), both of which the consumer finds beneficial.

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2. CONSUMER THEORY: FROM PREFERENCES TO DEMAND FUNCTIONS
mer choice theory can be defined as the branch of microeconomics that relates consumer demand curves to consumer preferences. Consumer choice theory begins with a fundamental model of how consumer preferences and tastes might be represented. It explores consumers’ willingness to trade off between two goods (or two baskets of goods), both of which the consumer finds beneficial. Consumer choice theory then recognizes that to consume a set of goods and services, consumers must purchase them at given market prices and with a limited income. In effect, consumer ch

Flashcard 1435011517708

Tags

#cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #microeconomics #reading-13-demand-and-supply-analysis-introduction #study-session-4

Question

For most goods and services, [...] is much more elastic than the short-run demand.

Answer

the long-run demand

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For most goods and services, the long-run demand is much more elastic than the short-run demand. The reason is that if price were to change for, say, gasoline, we probably would not be able to respond quickly with a significant reduct

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4.1. Own-Price Elasticity of Demand
the price of housing were to rise significantly, however, most households would try to find a way to reduce the quantity they buy, at least in the long run. This example leads to another characteristic regarding price elasticity. For most goods and services, the long-run demand is much more elastic than the short-run demand. The reason is that if price were to change for, say, gasoline, we probably would not be able to respond quickly with a significant reduction in the quantity we consume. In the short run, we tend to be locked into modes of transportation, housing and employment location, and so on. The longer the adjustment time, however, the greater the degree to which a household could adjust to the change in price. Hence, for most goods, long-run elasticity of demand is greater than short-run elasticity. Durable goods, however, tend to behave in the opposite way. If the price of washing machines were to fall, people might react quickly because they have an old machine that they know will need to be replaced fairly soon anyway. So when price falls, they might decide to go ahead and make the purchase. If the price of washing machines were to stay low forever, however, it is unlikely that a typical consumer would buy all that many more machines over a lifetime. Certainly, whether the good or service is seen to be non-discretionary or discretionary would help determine its sensitivity to a price change. Faced with the same percenta

Flashcard 1438445079820

Tags

#analyst-notes #cfa-level-1 #corporate-finance #reading-35-capital-budgeting #study-session-10

Question

A post-audit is a [...] process; it is conducted after a project has been implemented.

Answer

backward-looking

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Independent versus mutually exclusive projects. Mutually exclusive projects are investments that compete in some way for a company's resources - a firm can select one or another but not both. Independent projects, on the other hand, do not compete for the firm's resources. A company can select one or the other or both, so long

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Subject 2. Basic Principles of Capital Budgeting
In a non-conventional cash flow pattern, the initial outflow can be followed by inflows and/or outflows. Some project interactions: Independent versus mutually exclusive projects. Mutually exclusive projects are investments that compete in some way for a company's resources - a firm can select one or another but not both. Independent projects, on the other hand, do not compete for the firm's resources. A company can select one or the other or both, so long as minimum profitability thresholds are met. Project sequencing. How does one sequence multiple projects over time, since investing in project B may depend on the result of investing in project A? Unlimited funds versus capital rationing. Capital rationing occurs when management places a constraint on the size of the firm's capital budget during a particular period. In such situations, capital is scarce and should be allocated to the projects most likely to maximize the firm's aggregate NPV. The firm's capital budget and cost of capital must be determined simultaneously to best allocate the firm's capital. On the other hand, a firm can raise the funds it wants for all profitable projects simply by paying the required rate of return. Learning Outcome Statements b. describe the basic principles of capital budgeting; c. explain how the evaluat

Flashcard 1439244094732

Tags

#eximbank #fees #octopus #usa

Question

Direct loan commitment: [...] percent per year on the undisbursed balance of the loan.

Answer

0.5

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Direct loan commitment: 0.5 percent per year on the undisbursed balance of the loan.

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Government-Assisted Foreign Buyer Financing (Eximbank USA)
disbursement of a loan to the foreign buyers. Generally, goods shipped by sea must be carried exclusively on U.S. vessels. Direct loans are best used when the buyer insists on a fixed rate. Fees and Ex-Im Bank Contact Information Letter of interest: $50 for online application; $100 for paper application via mail and fax. Preliminary commitment: 0.1 of 1 percent of the financed amount up to $25,000. Guarantee commitment: 0.125 percent per year on the undisbursed balance of the loan. Direct loan commitment: 0.5 percent per year on the undisbursed balance of the loan. Exposure fee: varies, depending upon tenor, country risk, and buyer credit risk. For more information about loans from Ex-Im Bank, visit its Web site at www.exim.gov or call 1-800-565-EXIM (3946). <body><html>

Flashcard 1441768017164

Tags

#cfa-level-1 #factors-that-determine-market-structures #microeconomics #porter-5-forces #reading-16-the-firm-and-market-structures #section-2-analysis-of-mkt-structures #study-session-4

Question

PORTER’S FIVE FORCES

Threat of entry;
[...]
Power of buyers (customers);
[...]
Rivalry among existing competitors.

Answer

Power of suppliers;

Threat of substitutes;

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usiness School professor Michael E. Porter. His book, Competitive Strategy, presented a systematic analysis of the practice of market strategy. Porter (2008) identified the five forces as: Threat of entry; Power of suppliers; Power of buyers (customers); Threat of substitutes; and Rivalry among existing competitors. It is easy to note the p

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2. ANALYSIS OF MARKET STRUCTURES
d monopoly is the local electrical power provider. In most cases, the monopoly power provider is allowed to earn a normal return on its investment and prices are set by the regulatory authority to allow that return. 2.2. Factors That Determine Market Structure Five factors determine market structure: The number and relative size of firms supplying the product; The degree of product differentiation; The power of the seller over pricing decisions; The relative strength of the barriers to market entry and exit; and The degree of non-price competition. The number and relative size of firms in a market influence market structure. If there are many firms, the degree of competition increases. With fewer firms supplying a good or service, consumers are limited in their market choices. One extreme case is the monopoly market structure, with only one firm supplying a unique good or service. Another extreme is perfect competition, with many firms supplying a similar product. Finally, an example of relative size is the automobile industry, in which a small number of large international producers (e.g., Ford and Toyota) are the leaders in the global market, and a number of small companies either have market power because they are niche players (e.g., Ferrari) or have little market power because of their narrow range of models or limited geographical presence (e.g., Škoda). In the case of monopolistic competition, there are many firms providing products to the market, as with perfect competition. However, one firm’s product is differentiated in some way that makes it appear better than similar products from other firms. If a firm is successful in differentiating its product, the differentiation will provide pricing leverage. The more dissimilar the product appears, the more the market will resemble the monopoly market structure. A firm can differentiate its product through aggressive advertising campaigns; frequent styling changes; the linking of its product with other, complementary products; or a host of other methods. When the market dictates the price based on aggregate supply and demand conditions, the individual firm has no control over pricing. The typical hog farmer in Nebraska and the milk producer in Bavaria are price takers . That is, they must accept whatever price the market dictates. This is the case under the market structure of perfect competition. In the case of monopolistic competition, the success of product differentiation determines the degree with which the firm can influence price. In the case of oligopoly, there are so few firms in the market that price control becomes possible. However, the small number of firms in an oligopoly market invites complex pricing strategies. Collusion, price leadership by dominant firms, and other pricing strategies can result. The degree to which one market structure can evolve into another and the difference between potential short-run outcomes and long-run equilibrium conditions depend on the strength of the barriers to entry and the possibility that firms fail to recoup their original costs or lose money for an extended period of time and are therefore forced to exit the market. Barriers to entry can result from very large capital investment requirements, as in the case of petroleum refining. Barriers may also result from patents, as in the case of some electronic products and drug formulas. Another entry consideration is the possibility of high exit costs. For example, plants that are specific to a special line of products, such as aluminum smelting plants, are non-redeployable, and exit costs would be high without a liquid market for the firm’s assets. High exit costs deter entry and are therefore also considered barriers to entry. In the case of farming, the barriers to entry are low. Production of corn, soybeans, wheat, tomatoes, and other produce is an easy process to replicate; therefore, those are highly competitive markets. Non-price competition dominates those market structures where product differentiation is critical. Therefore, monopolistic competition relies on competitive strategies that may not include pricing changes. An example of non-price competition is product differentiation through marketing. In other circumstances, non-price competition may occur because the few firms in the market feel dependent on each other. Each firm fears retaliatory price changes that would reduce total revenue for all of the firms in the market. Because oligopoly industries have so few firms, each firm feels dependent on the pricing strategies of the others. Therefore, non-price competition becomes a dominant strategy. Exhibit 1. Characteristics of Market Structure Market Structure Number of Sellers Degree of Product Differentiation Barriers to Entry Pricing Power of Firm Non-price Competition Perfect competition Many Homogeneous/ Standardized Very Low None None Monopolistic competition Many Differentiated Low Some Advertising and Product Differentiation Oligopoly Few Homogeneous/ Standardized High Some or Considerable Advertising and Product Differentiation Monopoly One Unique Product Very High Considerable Advertising From the perspective of the owners of the firm, the most desirable market structure is that with the most control over price, because this control can lead to large profits. Monopoly and oligopoly markets offer the greatest potential control over price; monopolistic competition offers less control. Firms operating under perfectly competitive market conditions have no control over price. From the consumers’ perspective, the most desirable market structure is that with the greatest degree of competition, because prices are generally lower. Thus, consumers would prefer as many goods and services as possible to be offered in competitive markets. As often happens in economics, there is a trade-off. While perfect competition gives the largest quantity of a good at the lowest price, other market forms may spur more innovation. Specifically, there may be high costs in researching a new product, and firms will incur such costs only if they expect to earn an attractive return on their research investment. This is the case often made for medical innovations, for example—the cost of clinical trials and experiments to create new medicines would bankrupt perfectly competitive firms but may be acceptable in an oligopoly market structure. Therefore, consumers can benefit from less-than-perfectly-competitive markets. PORTER’S FIVE FORCES AND MARKET STRUCTURE A financial analyst aiming to establish market conditions and consequent profitability of incumbent firms should start with the questions framed by Exhibit 1: How many sellers are there? Is the product differentiated? and so on. Moreover, in the case of monopolies and quasi monopolies, the analyst should evaluate the legislative and regulatory framework: Can the company set prices freely, or are there governmental controls? Finally, the analyst should consider the threat of competition from potential entrants. This analysis is often summarized by students of corporate strategy as “Porter’s five forces,” named after Harvard Business School professor Michael E. Porter. His book, Competitive Strategy, presented a systematic analysis of the practice of market strategy. Porter (2008) identified the five forces as: Threat of entry; Power of suppliers; Power of buyers (customers); Threat of substitutes; and Rivalry among existing competitors. It is easy to note the parallels between four of these five forces and the columns in Exhibit 1. The only “orphan” is the power of suppliers, which is not at the core of the theoretical economic analysis of competition, but which has substantial weight in the practical analysis of competition and profitability. Some stock analysts (e.g., Dorsey 2004) use the term “economic moat” to suggest that there are factors protecting the profitability of a firm that are similar to the moats (ditches full of water) that used to protect some medieval castles. A deep moat means that there is little or no threat of entry by invaders, i.e. competitors. It also means that customers are locked in because of high switching costs. <body><html>

Flashcard 1442536099084

Tags

#cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #lol #microeconomics #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm #section-2-objectives-of-the-firm #study-session-4

Question

Objectives can be classified in profitability or on [...]

Answer

controlling risk

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When managers of for-profit companies have been surveyed about the objectives of the companies they direct, researchers have often concluded that a) companies frequently have multiple objectives; b) objectives can often be classified as focused on profitability (e.g., maximizing profits, increasing market share) or on controlling risk (e.g., survival, stable earnings

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2. OBJECTIVES OF THE FIRM
be known with certainty (i.e., the theory of the firm under conditions of certainty). The main contrast of this type of analysis is to the theory of the firm under conditions of uncertainty, where prices, and therefore profit, are uncertain. Under market uncertainty, a range of possible profit outcomes is associated with the firm’s decision to produce a given quantity of goods or services over a specific time period. Such complex theory typically makes simplifying assumptions. When managers of for-profit companies have been surveyed about the objectives of the companies they direct, researchers have often concluded that a) companies frequently have multiple objectives; b) objectives can often be classified as focused on profitability (e.g., maximizing profits, increasing market share) or on controlling risk (e.g., survival, stable earnings growth); and c) managers in different countries may have different emphases. Finance experts frequently reconcile profitability and risk objectives by stating that the objective of the firm is, or should be, shareholder wealth maximization (i.e.,

Flashcard 1442902314252

Tags

#gramatica-española #tulio

Question

La gramática comprende dos partes: la [...] y la [...]

Answer

morfología

sintaxis.

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En un sentido estrecho, la gramática sólo estudia las unidades significativas y su combinatoria. Comprende dos partes: la morfología y la sintaxis.

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En un sentido estrecho, la gramática sólo estudia las unidades significativas y su combinatoria. Comprende dos partes: la morfología y la sintaxis. La [16] primera se ocupa de la estructura interna de las palabras. Su unidad de análisis es el morfema, la unidad significativa mínima. Una palabra como libro no es segmentable en par

Flashcard 1446738791692

Tags

#cfa-level-1 #economics #has-images #microeconomics #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm #section-3-analysis-of-revenue-costs-and-profit #study-session-4

Question

In which market structure does this happen?

Answer

Perfect competition

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Flashcard 1450274327820

Tags

#cfa-level-1 #microeconomics #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm

Question

As a firm grows in size, [...] occurs along with a related increase in fixed cost.

Answer

fixed asset expansion

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Other fixed costs evolve primarily from investments in such fixed assets as real estate, production facilities, and equipment. As a firm grows in size, fixed asset expansion occurs along with a related increase in fixed cost. However, fixed cost cannot be arbitrarily cut when production declines. Regardless of the volume of output, an investment in a given

Original toplevel document

Costs
rate of change in total variable cost. In Exhibit 13, TC at 5 units is 400—of which 300 is variable cost and 100 is fixed cost. At 10 units, total costs are 1,650, which is the sum of 1,550 in variable cost and 100 in fixed cost. Total fixed cost (TFC) is the summation of all expenses that do not change when production varies. It can be a sunk or unavoidable cost that a firm has to cover whether it produces anything or not, or it can be a cost that stays the same over a range of production but can change to another constant level when production moves outside of that range. The latter is referred to as a quasi-fixed cost , although it remains categorized as part of TFC. Examples of fixed costs are debt service, real estate lease agreements, and rental contracts. Quasi-fixed cost examples would be certain utilities and administrative salaries that could be avoided or be lower when output is zero but would assume higher constant values over different production ranges. Normal profit is considered to be a fixed cost because it is a return required by investors on their equity capital regardless of output level. At zero output, total costs are always equal to the amount of total fixed cost that is incurred at this production point. In Exhibit 13, total fixed cost remains at 100 throughout the entire production range. Other fixed costs evolve primarily from investments in such fixed assets as real estate, production facilities, and equipment. As a firm grows in size, fixed asset expansion occurs along with a related increase in fixed cost. However, fixed cost cannot be arbitrarily cut when production declines. Regardless of the volume of output, an investment in a given level of fixed assets locks the firm into a certain amount of fixed cost that is used to finance the physical capital base, technology, and other capital assets. When a firm downsizes, the last expense to be cut is usually fixed cost. Total variable cost (TVC), which is the summation of all variable expenses, has a direct relationship with quantity. When quantity increases, total variable cost increases

Flashcard 1450312076556

Tags

#cfa-level-1 #microeconomics #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm

Question

[...] is the cost of producing each unit exclusive of any fixed cost allocation to production units.

Answer

Per unit variable cost

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Per unit variable cost is the cost of producing each unit exclusive of any fixed cost allocation to production units.

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Costs
of fixed assets locks the firm into a certain amount of fixed cost that is used to finance the physical capital base, technology, and other capital assets. When a firm downsizes, the last expense to be cut is usually fixed cost. Total variable cost (TVC), which is the summation of all variable expenses, has a direct relationship with quantity. When quantity increases, total variable cost increases; total variable cost declines when quantity decreases. At zero production, total variable cost is always zero. Variable cost examples are payments for labor, raw materials, and supplies. As indicated above, total costs mirror total variable cost, with the difference being a constant fixed cost. The change in total variable cost (which defines marginal cost) declines up to a certain output point and then increases as production approaches capacity limits. In Exhibit 13, total variable cost increases with an increase in quantity. However, the change from 1 to 2 units is 25, calculated as (75 – 50); the change from 9 to 10 units is 350, calculated as (1,550 – 1,200). Another approach to calculating total variable cost is to determine the variable cost per unit of output and multiply this cost figure by the number of production units. Per unit variable cost is the cost of producing each unit exclusive of any fixed cost allocation to production units. One can assign variable cost individually to units or derive an average variable cost per unit. Whenever a firm initiates a downsizing, retrenchment, or defensive strategy, variable cost is the first to be considered for reduction given its variability with output. However, variable cost is reducible only so far because all firms have to maintain a minimum amount of labor and other variable resources to function effectively. <body><html>

Flashcard 1450632154380

Tags

#cfa-level-1 #economics #microeconomics #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm #section-3-analysis-of-revenue-costs-and-profit #study-session-4

Question

Under any form of imperfect competition, the individual seller confronts a [...] demand curve.

Answer

negatively sloped

where price and the quantity demanded by consumers are inversely related.

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Under any form of imperfect competition, the individual seller confronts a negatively sloped demand curve, where price and the quantity demanded by consumers are inversely related.

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3. ANALYSIS OF REVENUE, COSTS, AND PROFITS
zation requires that we examine both of those components. Revenue comes from the demand for the firm’s products, and cost comes from the acquisition and utilization of the firm’s inputs in the production of those products. 3.1.1. Total, Average, and Marginal Revenue This section briefly examines demand and revenue in preparation for addressing cost. Unless the firm is a pure monopolist (i.e., the only seller in its market), there is a difference between market demand and the demand facing an individual firm. A later reading will devote much more time to understanding the various competitive environments (perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, and monopoly), known as market structure . To keep the analysis simple at this point, we will note that competition could be either perfect or imperfect. In perfect competition , the individual firm has virtually no impact on market price, because it is assumed to be a very small seller among a very large number of firms selling essentially identical products. Such a firm is called a price taker . In the second case, the firm does have at least some control over the price at which it sells its product because it must lower its price to sell more units. Exhibit 4 presents total, average, and marginal revenue data for a firm under the assumption that the firm is price taker at each relevant level of quantity of goods sold. Consequently, the individual seller faces a horizontal demand curve over relevant output ranges at the price level established by the market (see Exhibit 5). The seller can offer any quantity at this set market price without affecting price. In contrast, imperfect competition is where an individual firm has enough share of the market (or can control a certain segment of the market) and is therefore able to exert some influence over price. Instead of a large number of competing firms, imperfect competition involves a smaller number of firms in the market relative to perfect competition and in the extreme case only one firm (i.e., monopoly). Under any form of imperfect competition, the individual seller confronts a negatively sloped demand curve, where price and the quantity demanded by consumers are inversely related. In this case, price to the firm declines when a greater quantity is offered to the market; price to the firm increases when a lower quantity is offered to the market. This is shown in Exhibits 6 and 7. Exhibit 4. Total, Average, and Marginal Revenue under Perfect Competition Quantity Sold (Q) Price (P) Total Revenue (TR) Average Re

Flashcard 1450662300940

Tags

#cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm #section-3-analysis-of-revenue-costs-and-profit

Question

Over an initial range of production, average variable cost declines and then reaches [...].

Answer

a minimum point

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Over an initial range of production, average variable cost declines and then reaches a minimum point. Thereafter, cost increases as the firm utilizes more of its production capacity. This higher cost results primarily from production constraints imposed by the fixed assets at higher vo

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Average variable cost (AVC) is derived by dividing total variable cost by quantity. For example, average variable cost at 5 units is (300 ÷ 5) or 60. Over an initial range of production, average variable cost declines and then reaches a minimum point. Thereafter, cost increases as the firm utilizes more of its production capacity. This higher cost results primarily from production constraints imposed by the fixed assets at higher volume levels. The minimum point on the AVC coincides with the lowest average variable cost. However, the minimum point on the AVC does not correspond to the least-cost quantity for average total cost. In Exhibit 13, average variable cost is minimized at 2 units, whereas average total cost is the lowest at 3 units. Average total cost (ATC) is calculated by dividing total costs by quantity or by summing average fixed cost and average variable cost. For instance, in Exhibit 13, at 8 un

Flashcard 1450710535436

Tags

#cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #has-images #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm #section-3-analysis-of-revenue-costs-and-profit

Question

In the long run, however, the firm is not able to survive if [...] are not completely covered.

Answer

fixed costs

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In the long run, however, the firm is not able to survive if fixed costs are not completely covered. Any operating point above point B (the minimum point on ATC), such as point D, generates an economic profit.

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d A), it shuts down because of its inability to cover variable costs in full. Between points A and B, the firm can operate in the short run because it is meeting variable cost payments even though it is unable to cover all of its fixed costs. In the long run, however, the firm is not able to survive if fixed costs are not completely covered. Any operating point above point B (the minimum point on ATC), such as point D, generates an economic profit. A firm’s shutdown point occurs when average revenue is less than average variable cost (any output below Q shutdown ), which corresponds to point A in Exhibit 17. Shutdow

Flashcard 1450823519500

Tags

#estrategias

Question

La [...] se basa principalmente en la obtención de una ventaja competitiva en el mercado .

Answer

estrategia de negocios

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de negocios es la forma en que un negocio compite en un sector particular. Las decisiones estratégicas adoptadas a nivel negocio tienen que ver con asuntos tales como la fijación de precios y la eficacia en la fabricación y la publicidad. La estrategia de negocios se basa principalmente en la obtención de una ventaja competitiva en el mercado . <body><html>

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Estrategia de negocios y corporativa
respecto a la dirección de la organización en su conjunto. Esta estrategia se refiere a los asuntos que afectan a la empresa en general, tales como decidir el tamaño y la composición del portafolio de negocios. Estrategia de negocios La estrategia de negocios es la forma en que un negocio compite en un sector particular. Las decisiones estratégicas adoptadas a nivel negocio tienen que ver con asuntos tales como la fijación de precios y la eficacia en la fabricación y la publicidad. La estrategia de negocios se basa principalmente en la obtención de una ventaja competitiva en el mercado . <body><html>

Flashcard 1454937869580

Tags

#48-laws-of-power #law-1-never-outshine-the-master #transgression-of-the-law

Question

What was the qualities of Louis XIV, the Sun King that Fouquet should have taken into account?

Answer

He was a proud and arrogant man who wanted to be the center of attention at all times;

he could not countenance being outdone in lavishness by anyone, and certainly not his finance minister.

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Louis XIV, the Sun King, was a proud and arrogant man who wanted to be the center of attention at all times; he could not countenance being outdone in lavishness by anyone, and certainly not his finance minister. To succeed Fouquet, Louis chose Jean-Baptiste Colbert, a man famous for his parsimony and for giving the dullest parties in Paris. Colbert made sure that any money liberated from the tr

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Flashcard 1478086757644

Tags

#cfa-level-1 #reading-23-financial-reporting-mechanics

Question

Some accounting systems also include [...] journals.

Answer

special

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r (chronological order). The general journal is the collection of all business transactions in an accounting system sorted by date. All accounting systems have a general journal to record all transactions. Some accounting systems also include special journals. For example, there may be one journal for recording sales transactions and another for recording inventory purchases.<body><html>

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ved and the corresponding liability to deliver newsletters) and, subsequently, 12 future adjusting entries, the first one of which was illustrated as Transaction 12. Each adjusting entry reduces the liability and records revenue. In practice, a large amount of unearned revenue may cause some concern about a company’s ability to deliver on this future commitment. Conversely, a positive aspect is that increases in unearned revenue are an indicator of future revenues. For example, a large liability on the balance sheet of an airline relates to cash received for future airline travel. Revenue will be recognized as the travel occurs, so an increase in this liability is an indicator of future increases in revenue. <body><html>

Flashcard 1478171954444

Tags

#cfa-level-1 #reading-23-financial-reporting-mechanics

Question

An important first step in analyzing financial statements is identifying the [...] and [...] in an entity’s financial statements. (Found in MD&A)

Answer

types of accruals

valuation entries

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An important first step in analyzing financial statements is identifying the types of accruals and valuation entries in an entity’s financial statements. Most of these items will be noted in the critical accounting policies/estimates section of management’s discussion and analysi

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7. USING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS IN SECURITY ANALYSIS
ions of balance sheet accounts. Accruals and valuation entries require considerable judgment and thus create many of the limitations of the accounting model. Judgments could prove wrong or, worse, be used for deliberate earnings manipulation. An important first step in analyzing financial statements is identifying the types of accruals and valuation entries in an entity’s financial statements. Most of these items will be noted in the critical accounting policies/estimates section of management’s discussion and analysis (MD&A) and in the significant accounting policies footnote, both found in the annual report. Analysts should use this disclosure to identify the key accruals and valuations for a company. The analyst needs to be aware, as Example 4 shows, that the manipulation of earnings and a

Flashcard 1611327474956

Question

The [...] includes all liabilities, including non-interest-bearing debt such as accounts payables, accrued expenses, and deferred taxes.

Answer

total debt

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Subject 5. Uses and Analysis of the Balance Sheet
vency of a company. Higher debt-equity ratio indicates higher financial risk. Debt-Equity Ratio includes short-term debt in the numerator. The total debt includes all liabilities, including non-interest-bearing debt such as accounts payables, accrued expenses, and deferred taxes. This ratio is especially useful in analyzing a company with substantial financing from short-term borrowing. Total Debt Ratio = Financial Levera

Annotation 1705361935628

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

O sistema muito útil para a geração de relatórios, que emprega os dados do SIAFI, é o Tesouro Gerencial, que conheceremos no final desta unidade.

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Flashcard 1705363508492

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

O sistema muito útil para a geração de relatórios, que emprega os dados do SIAFI, é o [...], que conheceremos no final desta unidade.

Answer

Tesouro Gerencial

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O sistema muito útil para a geração de relatórios, que emprega os dados do SIAFI, é o Tesouro Gerencial, que conheceremos no final desta unidade.

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Annotation 1705365343500

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

As demonstrações contábeis das entidades definidas no campo da Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público são:
(a) Balanço Patrimonial;
(b) Balanço Orçamentário;
(c) Balanço Financeiro;
(d) Demonstração das Variações Patrimoniais;
(e) Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa;
(f) Demonstração das Mutações do Patrimônio Líquido;
(g) Notas Explicativas. (NBC T 16.6)

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Annotation 1705367702796

Likewise the Koran was full of obscure words and allusions to events that were no longer under- stood by later generations. Rather than admit ignorance of these passages, later commentators adopted the face-saving expedient of inventing lines of poetry to use as loci probantes in support of their personal interpretations.

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Flashcard 1705369275660

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#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

As demonstrações contábeis das entidades definidas no campo da Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público são:
(a) Balanço [...];
(b) Balanço Orçamentário;
(c) Balanço Financeiro;
(d) Demonstração das Variações Patrimoniais;
(e) Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa;
(f) Demonstração das Mutações do Patrimônio Líquido;
(g) Notas Explicativas. (NBC T 16.6)

Answer

Patrimonial

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As demonstrações contábeis das entidades definidas no campo da Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público são: (a) Balanço Patrimonial; (b) Balanço Orçamentário; (c) Balanço Financeiro; (d) Demonstração das Variações Patrimoniais; (e) Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa; (f) Demonstração das Mutaç

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Flashcard 1705370848524

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

As demonstrações contábeis das entidades definidas no campo da Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público são:
(a) Balanço Patrimonial;
(b) Balanço [...];
(c) Balanço Financeiro;
(d) Demonstração das Variações Patrimoniais;
(e) Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa;
(f) Demonstração das Mutações do Patrimônio Líquido;
(g) Notas Explicativas. (NBC T 16.6)

Answer

Orçamentário

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Flashcard 1705372421388

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

As demonstrações contábeis das entidades definidas no campo da Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público são:
(a) Balanço Patrimonial;
(b) Balanço Orçamentário;
(c) Balanço [...];
(d) Demonstração das Variações Patrimoniais;
(e) Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa;
(f) Demonstração das Mutações do Patrimônio Líquido;
(g) Notas Explicativas. (NBC T 16.6)

Answer

Financeiro

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Flashcard 1705373994252

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

As demonstrações contábeis das entidades definidas no campo da Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público são:
(a) Balanço Patrimonial;
(b) Balanço Orçamentário;
(c) Balanço Financeiro;
(d) Demonstração das [...];
(e) Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa;
(f) Demonstração das Mutações do Patrimônio Líquido;
(g) Notas Explicativas. (NBC T 16.6)

Answer

Variações Patrimoniais

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>As demonstrações contábeis das entidades definidas no campo da Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público são: (a) Balanço Patrimonial; (b) Balanço Orçamentário; (c) Balanço Financeiro; (d) Demonstração das Variações Patrimoniais; (e) Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa; (f) Demonstração das Mutações do Patrimônio Líquido; (g) Notas Explicativas. (NBC T 16.6)<html>

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Flashcard 1705375567116

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

As demonstrações contábeis das entidades definidas no campo da Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público são:
(a) Balanço Patrimonial;
(b) Balanço Orçamentário;
(c) Balanço Financeiro;
(d) Demonstração das Variações Patrimoniais;
(e) Demonstração dos [...];
(f) Demonstração das Mutações do Patrimônio Líquido;
(g) Notas Explicativas. (NBC T 16.6)

Answer

Fluxos de Caixa

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entidades definidas no campo da Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público são: (a) Balanço Patrimonial; (b) Balanço Orçamentário; (c) Balanço Financeiro; (d) Demonstração das Variações Patrimoniais; (e) Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa; (f) Demonstração das Mutações do Patrimônio Líquido; (g) Notas Explicativas. (NBC T 16.6)<body><html>

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Flashcard 1705377139980

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

As demonstrações contábeis das entidades definidas no campo da Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público são:
(a) Balanço Patrimonial;
(b) Balanço Orçamentário;
(c) Balanço Financeiro;
(d) Demonstração das Variações Patrimoniais;
(e) Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa;
(f) Demonstração das [...] do [...] ;
(g) Notas Explicativas. (NBC T 16.6)

Answer

Mutações do Patrimônio Líquido

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de Aplicada ao Setor Público são: (a) Balanço Patrimonial; (b) Balanço Orçamentário; (c) Balanço Financeiro; (d) Demonstração das Variações Patrimoniais; (e) Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa; (f) Demonstração das Mutações do Patrimônio Líquido; (g) Notas Explicativas. (NBC T 16.6)<body><html>

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Flashcard 1705379499276

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Answer

Explicativas

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nço Patrimonial; (b) Balanço Orçamentário; (c) Balanço Financeiro; (d) Demonstração das Variações Patrimoniais; (e) Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa; (f) Demonstração das Mutações do Patrimônio Líquido; (g) Notas Explicativas. (NBC T 16.6)<body><html>

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Annotation 1705381072140

During the early part of the 20th century, literature was the primary object of study and the ultimate goal of FL study, in part because of the nearly exclusive focus on reading and writing. As a result, literature held a place of prestige in the academic community and served as a source of moral and ideational inspiration and content. Yet, with the advent of audiolingualism in the postwar years, the onset of communicative language teaching in the 1970s, and the increased focus on oral competence that resulted, the role of literature in FL study began to shift.

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Annotation 1705385528588

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Os ativos devem ser classificados como “circulante” quando houver a expectativa de realizá-lo até o término do exercício seguinte, e o restante dos ativos deve ser classificado como não circulante.

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Flashcard 1705387101452

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Os ativos devem ser classificados como “[...]” quando houver a expectativa de realizá-lo até o término do exercício seguinte, e o restante dos ativos deve ser classificado como não [...] .

Answer

circulante

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Os ativos devem ser classificados como “circulante” quando houver a expectativa de realizá-lo até o término do exercício seguinte, e o restante dos ativos deve ser classificado como não circulante.

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Annotation 1705390247180

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Os passivos devem ser classificados como “circulante” quando forem exigíveis até o término do exercício seguinte. Os demais passivos são classificados como não circulante.
As contas do ativo devem ser dispostas em ordem decrescente de grau de conversibilidade; as contas do passivo, em ordem decrescente de grau de exigibilidade.

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Flashcard 1705392868620

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Os passivos devem ser classificados como “circulante” quando forem [atributo] até o término do exercício seguinte. Os demais passivos são classificados como não circulante.
As contas do ativo devem ser dispostas em ordem decrescente de grau de conversibilidade; as contas do passivo, em ordem decrescente de grau de exigibilidade.

Answer

exigíveis

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Os passivos devem ser classificados como “circulante” quando forem exigíveis até o término do exercício seguinte. Os demais passivos são classificados como não circulante. As contas do ativo devem ser dispostas em ordem decrescente de grau de conversibilida

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Flashcard 1705395227916

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Os passivos devem ser classificados como “circulante” quando forem exigíveis até o término do exercício seguinte. Os demais passivos são classificados como não circulante.
As contas do ativo devem ser dispostas em ordem [...] de grau de conversibilidade; as contas do passivo, em ordem [...] de grau de exigibilidade.

Answer

decrescente

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Flashcard 1705397587212

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Os passivos devem ser classificados como “circulante” quando forem exigíveis até o término do exercício seguinte. Os demais passivos são classificados como não circulante.
As contas do ativo devem ser dispostas em ordem decrescente de grau de [...]; as contas do passivo, em ordem decrescente de grau de [...] .

Answer

conversibilidade
exigibilidade

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ssivos devem ser classificados como “circulante” quando forem exigíveis até o término do exercício seguinte. Os demais passivos são classificados como não circulante. As contas do ativo devem ser dispostas em ordem decrescente de grau de conversibilidade; as contas do passivo, em ordem decrescente de grau de exigibilidade.<body><html>

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Annotation 1705400732940

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Em geral, um resultado financeiro positivo é um indicador de equilíbrio financeiro. Mas, variação Positiva não é sinônimo, necessariamente, de bom desempenho da gestão financeira, pode decorrer, por exemplo, da elevação do endividamento público, e variação Negativa não significa, necessariamente, mau desempenho, pode decorrer de redução no endividamento. Análise deve ser feita com o Balanço Patrimonial, considerando demais variáveis orçamentárias e extraorçamentárias

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Flashcard 1705403354380

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Em geral, um resultado financeiro positivo é um indicador de equilíbrio financeiro. Mas, variação Positiva não é sinônimo, necessariamente, de bom desempenho da gestão financeira, pode decorrer, por exemplo, da elevação do [...] público, e variação Negativa não significa, necessariamente, mau desempenho, pode decorrer de redução no [...] . Análise deve ser feita com o Balanço Patrimonial, considerando demais variáveis orçamentárias e extraorçamentárias

Answer

endividamento

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d>Em geral, um resultado financeiro positivo é um indicador de equilíbrio financeiro. Mas, variação Positiva não é sinônimo, necessariamente, de bom desempenho da gestão financeira, pode decorrer, por exemplo, da elevação do endividamento público, e variação Negativa não significa, necessariamente, mau desempenho, pode decorrer de redução no endividamento. Análise deve ser feita com o Balanço Patrimonial, considerando de

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Flashcard 1705405713676

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Em geral, um resultado financeiro positivo é um indicador de equilíbrio financeiro. Mas, variação Positiva não é sinônimo, necessariamente, de bom desempenho da gestão financeira, pode decorrer, por exemplo, da elevação do endividamento público, e variação Negativa não significa, necessariamente, mau desempenho, pode decorrer de redução no endividamento. Análise deve ser feita com o Balanço [...], considerando demais variáveis orçamentárias e extraorçamentárias

Answer

Patrimonial

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mpenho da gestão financeira, pode decorrer, por exemplo, da elevação do endividamento público, e variação Negativa não significa, necessariamente, mau desempenho, pode decorrer de redução no endividamento. Análise deve ser feita com o Balanço Patrimonial, considerando demais variáveis orçamentárias e extraorçamentárias<body><html>

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Annotation 1705407286540

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

A Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa (DFC) apresenta as entradas e saídas de caixa e as classifica em fluxos operacional, de investimento e de financiamento

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Flashcard 1705409121548

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#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

A [...] ( [sigla] ) apresenta as entradas e saídas de caixa e as classifica em fluxos operacional, de investimento e de financiamento

Answer

Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa
DFC

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A Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa (DFC) apresenta as entradas e saídas de caixa e as classifica em fluxos operacional, de investimento e de financiamento

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Flashcard 1705411480844

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#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

A Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa (DFC) apresenta as entradas e saídas de caixa e as classifica em fluxos [...], de [...] e de [...]

Answer

operacional
investimento
financiamento

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A Demonstração dos Fluxos de Caixa (DFC) apresenta as entradas e saídas de caixa e as classifica em fluxos operacional, de investimento e de financiamento

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Annotation 1705414364428

A primary user of accounting information with a direct financial interest in the business would be a, Tax authority, creditor, labor union

#reading-21-fra-intro

Most companies must report to one or more regulatory agencies. Tax authorities oversee the collection of taxes to finance government.

Labor unions study the financial statements of corporations as part of preparing for labor negotiations.

They all have an indirect financial interest in a company. They have not invested in the business or loaned money to the business, but use the accounting information to make decisions on public issues.

Creditors are the primary users of accounting information, with a direct financial interest in businesses, because they make loans to companies and want to ensure that the companies will have the cash to pay interest charges and repay debt at the appropriate time.

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Annotation 1705416461580

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Ainda na LRF, foram estabelecidos os Anexo de Metas Fiscais e Anexo de Riscos Fiscais que devem compor a LDO.

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Flashcard 1705418034444

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Ainda na LRF, foram estabelecidos os Anexo de [...] e Anexo de [...] que devem compor a [lei] .

Answer

Metas Fiscais
Riscos Fiscais
LDO

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scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

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Ainda na LRF, foram estabelecidos os Anexo de Metas Fiscais e Anexo de Riscos Fiscais que devem compor a LDO.

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Flashcard 1705420393740

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Documento onde serão avaliados os passivos contingentes e outros riscos capazes de afetar as contas públicas, informando as providências a serem tomadas, caso se concretizem

Answer

Anexo de Riscos Fiscais da LDO

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Annotation 1705423277324

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

riscos repetitivos deixam de ser riscos, devendo ser tratadas no âmbito do planejamento, ou seja, devem ser incluídas como ações na Lei de Diretrizes Orçamentárias e na Lei Orçamentária Anual do ente federativo. Por exemplo, se a ocorrência de catástrofes naturais – como secas ou inundações – ou de epidemias – como a dengue – tem sazonalidade conhecida, as ações para mitigar seus efeitos, assim como as despesas decorrentes, devem ser previstas na LDO e na LOA do ente federativo afetado, e não ser tratada como risco fiscal no Anexo de Riscos Fiscais.

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Flashcard 1705425898764

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Documento onde são estabelecidas metas anuais de receitas, despesas, resultados nominal e primário e montante da dívida pública para o exercício atual e os 2 seguintes.

Answer

Anexo de Metas Fiscais da LDO

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Annotation 1705429568780

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

LRF estabeleceu que ao final de cada quadrimestre os titulares de Poderes e órgãos emitirão Relatório de Gestão Fiscal (STN, 2017b), que deverá ser publicado e disponibilizado ao acesso público, inclusive em meios eletrônicos, até trinta dias após o encerramento do período a que corresponder

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Flashcard 1705431141644

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

LRF estabeleceu que ao final de cada quadrimestre os titulares de Poderes e órgãos emitirão [...] (STN, 2017b), que deverá ser publicado e disponibilizado ao acesso público, inclusive em meios eletrônicos, até trinta dias após o encerramento do período a que corresponder

Answer

Relatório de Gestão Fiscal

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repetition number in this series	0	memorised on		scheduled repetition
scheduled repetition interval		last repetition or drill

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LRF estabeleceu que ao final de cada quadrimestre os titulares de Poderes e órgãos emitirão Relatório de Gestão Fiscal (STN, 2017b), que deverá ser publicado e disponibilizado ao acesso público, inclusive em meios eletrônicos, até trinta dias após o encerramento do período a que corresponder</spa

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Annotation 1705432714508

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

último quadrimestre, o RGF deverá conter, também, o demonstrativo do montante da Disponibilidade de Caixa e dos Restos a Pagar referente às despesas liquidadas, às empenhadas e não liquidadas, inscritas até o limite do saldo da disponibilidade de caixa e às não inscritas por falta de disponibilidade de caixa e cujos empenhos foram cancelado

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Flashcard 1705434287372

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

último quadrimestre, o RGF deverá conter, também, o demonstrativo do montante da [...] e dos [...] referente às despesas liquidadas, às empenhadas e não liquidadas, inscritas até o limite do saldo da disponibilidade de caixa e às não inscritas por falta de disponibilidade de caixa e cujos empenhos foram cancelado

Answer

Disponibilidade de Caixa
Restos a pagar

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último quadrimestre, o RGF deverá conter, também, o demonstrativo do montante da Disponibilidade de Caixa e dos Restos a Pagar referente às despesas liquidadas, às empenhadas e não liquidadas, inscritas até o limite do saldo da disponibilidade de caixa e às não inscritas por falta

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Flashcard 1705444510988

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Índice que relaciona as receitas orçamentárias menos despesas orçamentárias, em relação à receita total;

Answer

Resultado orçamentário

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Flashcard 1705448967436

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Índice que relaciona volume de Gasto com Pessoal em relação à Receita Corrente Líquida

Answer

Comprometimento da Receita Corrente Líquida (CRCL)

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Annotation 1705451588876

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Índice de Restos a Pagar (IRPDC) indica quanto a entidade possui de disponibilidade de caixa para pagar cada unidade de restos a pagar. Apurado pela seguinte equação: IRPDC = Restos a Pagar/ Disponibilidade de Caixa.

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Flashcard 1705453161740

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Índice [...] indica quanto a entidade possui de disponibilidade de caixa para pagar cada unidade de [...] . Apurado pela seguinte equação: [...] / Disponibilidade de Caixa.

Answer

de Restos a Pagar (IRPDC)

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Índice de Restos a Pagar (IRPDC) indica quanto a entidade possui de disponibilidade de caixa para pagar cada unidade de restos a pagar. Apurado pela seguinte equação: IRPDC = Restos a Pagar/ Disponibilidade de Caixa.</

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Annotation 1705455783180

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Índice de Liquidez Corrente (LC) determina quanto a instituição possui de disponibilidade e créditos para cada unidade de obrigações exigíveis.

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Flashcard 1705457356044

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Índice de [...] determina quanto a instituição possui de disponibilidade e créditos para cada unidade de obrigações exigíveis.

Answer

Liquidez Corrente (LC)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
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Índice de Liquidez Corrente (LC) determina quanto a instituição possui de disponibilidade e créditos para cada unidade de obrigações exigíveis.

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Annotation 1705458928908

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Índice de Liquidez Imediata (LI) determina a relação de quanto a instituição possui de disponibilidade imediata ou de alta liquidez para cada unidade de obrigação exigível no passivo financeiro.

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Flashcard 1705460501772

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Índice de [...] determina a relação de quanto a instituição possui de disponibilidade imediata ou de alta liquidez para cada unidade de obrigação exigível no passivo financeiro.

Answer

Liquidez Imediata (LI)

status	not learned	measured difficulty	37% [default]	last interval [days]
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Índice de Liquidez Imediata (LI) determina a relação de quanto a instituição possui de disponibilidade imediata ou de alta liquidez para cada unidade de obrigação exigível no passivo financeiro.<

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Flashcard 1705462074636

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Índice de Liquidez Imediata (LI) determina a relação de quanto a instituição possui de disponibilidade [temporal] ou de alta [...] para cada unidade de obrigação exigível no passivo financeiro.

Answer

imediata
liquidez

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Parent (intermediate) annotation

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Flashcard 1705470725388

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Qual Índice da demonstra qual é a relação entre a diferença do montante do ativo circulante, subtraído do passivo circulante, em relação à receita total.

Answer

Índice da Situação Financeira Líquida (SFL)

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Annotation 1705473608972

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

O Tesouro Gerencial é um sistema da Secretaria do Tesouro Nacional para consulta de informações do SIAFI, construído em uma plataforma de business intelligence. A partir de 2015, esse sistema substituiu o SIAFI Gerencial para consulta da execução orçamentária e financeira do Governo Federal.

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Flashcard 1705475181836

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#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

O [...] é um sistema da Secretaria do Tesouro Nacional para consulta de informações do SIAFI, construído em uma plataforma de business intelligence. A partir de 2015, esse sistema substituiu o SIAFI Gerencial para consulta da execução orçamentária e financeira do Governo Federal.

Answer

Tesouro Gerencial

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O Tesouro Gerencial é um sistema da Secretaria do Tesouro Nacional para consulta de informações do SIAFI, construído em uma plataforma de business intelligence. A partir de 2015, esse sistema substituiu o

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Flashcard 1705476754700

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#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

O Tesouro Gerencial é um sistema da Secretaria do Tesouro Nacional para consulta de informações do [programa], construído em uma plataforma de business intelligence. A partir de 2015, esse sistema substituiu o [programa] Gerencial para consulta da execução orçamentária e financeira do Governo Federal.

Answer

SIAFI

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Annotation 1705479376140

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Embora tenha surgido para ocupar lacunas e resolver problemas, o SIAFI Gerencial não é utilizado para a execução orçamentária ou financeira, prestando-se apenas para a emissão de relatórios com a utilização do banco de dados que é executado pelo SIAFI Operacional.

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Flashcard 1705480949004

Tags

#contabilidade #contabilidade-pública

Question

Embora tenha surgido para ocupar lacunas e resolver problemas, o SIAFI [...] não é utilizado para a execução orçamentária ou financeira, prestando-se apenas para a emissão de relatórios com a utilização do banco de dados que é executado pelo SIAFI [...] .

Answer

Gerencial
Operacional

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Embora tenha surgido para ocupar lacunas e resolver problemas, o SIAFI Gerencial não é utilizado para a execução orçamentária ou financeira, prestando-se apenas para a emissão de relatórios com a utilização do banco de dados que é executado pelo SIAFI Operacional.</

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Annotation 1705489075468

#filosofia #platão

Estrangeiro — Declaro, então, que tudo o que possui uma determinada faculdade, seja de atuar de a algum modo sobre outra coisa, seja de sofrer a influência, embora mínima, do mais insignificante agente, mas que fosse uma única vez, é um ser real. Minha definição para explicar os seres é que não passam de capacidade ou força.

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Annotation 1705492221196

devemos dizer que tudo isso nasceu por outra influência que não a de alguma divindade, já que antes não existia? Ou aceitaremos a opinião comum, para falarmos como o povo? Teeteto — Qual opinião? Estrangeiro — Que a Natureza os gerou em virtude de uma causa natural e destituída de pensamento; ou terá sido gerado por alguma força divina, dotada de razão e de conhecimento, oriunda de Deus? Teeteto — Talvez por causa da idade, tenho mudado muito de opinião; porém ao ver-te neste momento, suspeito que és inclinado a acreditar que tudo isso nasce de um pensamento divino, conclusão que eu também aceito.

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Annotation 1705493794060

Estrangeiro — Sendo assim, a espécie imitativa e suscitadora de contradições da parte dissimuladora da arte baseada na opinião, pertencente ao gênero imaginário que se prende à arte ilusória da produção de imagens, criação humana, não divina, desse malabarismo ilusório com palavras: quem afirmar que é de semelhante sangue e dessa estirpe que provém o verdadeiro sofista, só dirá, como parece, a pura verdade

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Annotation 1705496677644

Sofista é um diálogo platônico que ocupa-se com os conceitos de sofista, homem político e filósofo. Aborda também a questão do não-ser.

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Sofista (diálogo) – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre
ta (diálogo) – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre Sofista (diálogo) Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre. Ir para: navegação, pesquisa Sofista (em grego antigo: Σοφιστής, em latim: Sophista [1] ) é um diálogo platônico que ocupa-se com os conceitos de sofista, homem político e filósofo. Além disso, o diálogo aborda a questão do não-ser. Nesta obra encontra-se uma posição de Platão sobre o conhecimento e também uma explicitação detalhada do método da investigação filosófica. [2] Referências Ir para cima ↑ Henri Es

Flashcard 1705499561228

Tags

#filosofia #platão

Question

[...] é um diálogo platônico que ocupa-se com os conceitos de [...] , homem político e filósofo. Aborda também a questão do não-ser.

Answer

Sofista

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Sofista é um diálogo platônico que ocupa-se com os conceitos de sofista, homem político e filósofo. Aborda também a questão do não-ser.

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Flashcard 1705501920524

Question

Sofista é um diálogo platônico que ocupa-se com os conceitos de sofista, homem [...] e [...] . Aborda também a questão do não-ser.

Answer

político
filósofo

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Sofista é um diálogo platônico que ocupa-se com os conceitos de sofista, homem político e filósofo. Aborda também a questão do não-ser.

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Flashcard 1705504279820

Question

Sofista é um diálogo platônico que ocupa-se com os conceitos de sofista, homem político e filósofo. Aborda também a questão do não-[...]

Answer

ser.

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Sofista é um diálogo platônico que ocupa-se com os conceitos de sofista, homem político e filósofo. Aborda também a questão do não-ser.

Edited, memorised or added to reading queue

on 16-Oct-2017 (Mon)

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