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Flashcard 1429163609356

Tags
#means-of-communication #sister-miriam-joseph #symbols #the-function-of-language #trivium
Question
[...]: signals adopted by a football team, the password necessary to get through military lines, school or team colors.
Answer
Temporary symbols

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Temporary symbols: signals adopted by a football team, the password necessary to get through military lines, school or team colors. Permanent symbols: traffic lights, flags, a soldier’s salute

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Flashcard 1429257719052

Tags
#cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #microeconomics #reading-13-demand-and-supply-analysis-introduction #study-session-4
Question
Perhaps the most familiar auction mechanism is the [...] in which an auctioneer is selling a single item in a face-to-face arena where potential buyers openly reveal their willingness to buy the good at prices that are called out by an auctioneer. The auctioneer begins at a low price and easily elicits nods from buyers.
Answer
ascending price auction

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Perhaps the most familiar auction mechanism is the ascending price auction in which an auctioneer is selling a single item in a face-to-face arena where potential buyers openly reveal their willingness to buy the good at prices that are called out by an auctio

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3.8. Auctions as a Way to Find Equilibrium Price
o determine the ultimate buyer. These mechanisms include the ascending price (or English) auction, the first price sealed bid auction, the second price sealed bid (or Vickery) auction, and the descending price (or Dutch) auction. <span>Perhaps the most familiar auction mechanism is the ascending price auction in which an auctioneer is selling a single item in a face-to-face arena where potential buyers openly reveal their willingness to buy the good at prices that are called out by an auctioneer. The auctioneer begins at a low price and easily elicits nods from buyers. He then raises the price incrementally. In a common value auction, buyers can sometimes learn something about the true value of the item being auctioned from observing other bidders. Ul







Flashcard 1429320895756

Tags
#sister-miriam-joseph #trivium
Question
The quadrivium comprises not only mathematics but many branches of science. The theory of number includes not merely arithmetic but also [...], [...] , the [...] , and other branches of higher mathematics.

Answer
algebra

calculus

theory of equations

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The quadrivium comprises not only mathematics but many branches of science. The theory of number includes not merely arithmetic but also algebra, calculus, the theory of equations, and other branches of higher mathematics. The applications of the theory of number include not only music (here understood as musical principles, li

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Flashcard 1446974459148

Question
Compound statements typically span multiple lines and start with a [...ending with a...], which identifies the type of statement.
Answer
one-line header ending in a colon

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Compound statements typically span multiple lines and start with a one-line header ending in a colon, which identifies the type of statement.

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1.5 Control
ver, much of the interesting work of computation comes from evaluating expressions. Statements govern the relationship among different expressions in a program and what happens to their results. 1.5.2 Compound Statements In general, <span>Python code is a sequence of statements. A simple statement is a single line that doesn't end in a colon. A compound statement is so called because it is composed of other statements (simple and compound). Compound statements typically span multiple lines and start with a one-line header ending in a colon, which identifies the type of statement. Together, a header and an indented suite of statements is called a clause. A compound statement consists of one or more clauses: <span>
: ... : ... ... We can understand t







Flashcard 1451855580428

Tags
#charisma #myth
Question
Limbic resonance is made possible thanks to a certain class of neurons called oscillators, which [...] physically by regulating how and when their bodies move together.
Answer
coordinate people

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Limbic resonance is made possible thanks to a certain class of neurons called oscillators, which coordinate people physically by regulating how and when their bodies move together.

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#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #liking
Those who received an email from someone who had a similar sounding name returned the forms more that those who didnt.
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th anyone though creating rapport. To illustrate the power of this similarity factor, there was an experiment conducted where a certain number of people were mailed a survey and asked to return the form after filling it. <span>Those who received it from someone who had a similar sounding name returned the forms more that those who received it from people whose names were not identical or similar. This experiment proved that most people get influenced easily if they find that there is a similarity between them and their influencer. Perhaps unfairly, we also like people

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Nobody, doesnt matter how bad they are, blame theirselves for anything.
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It is proven that an animal rewarded for good behavior will learn much more rapidly and retain what it learns far more effectively than an animal punished for bad behavior.
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#48-laws-of-power #interpretation #law-3-conceal-your-intentions #part-i-use-objects-of-desire-and-red-herrings #transgression-of-the-law
In seduction you have to scramble your signals—appear interested in another man or woman (the decoy), then hint at being interested in the target, then feign indifference, on and on. Such patterns not only confuse, they excite.
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erything in seduction, however, depends on suggestion. You cannot announce your intentions or reveal them directly in words. Instead you must throw your targets off the scent. To surrender to your guidance they must be appropriately confused. <span>You have to scramble your signals—appear interested in another man or woman (the decoy), then hint at being interested in the target, then feign indifference, on and on. Such patterns not only confuse, they excite. Imagine this story from the countess’s perspective: After a few of the marquis’s moves, she sensed the marquis was playing some sort of game, but the game delighted her. She

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#48-laws-of-power #interpretation #law-3-conceal-your-intentions #part-i-use-objects-of-desire-and-red-herrings #transgression-of-the-law
The moment the marquis uttered that fatal word “love,” his true intention was revealed: He was seducing her. All that before had been charming now seemed ugly.
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n is better than the boredom of security. Perhaps the marquis had ulterior motives; most men do. But she was willing to wait and see, and probably if she had been made to wait long enough, what he was up to would not have mattered. <span>The moment the marquis uttered that fatal word “love,” however, all was changed. This was no longer a game with moves, it was an artless show of passion. His intention was revealed: He was seducing her. This put everything he had done in a new light. All that before had been charming now seemed ugly and conniving; the countess felt embarrassed and used. A door closed that would never open again. Do not be held a cheat, even though it is impossible to live today without being one. Let your greatest cunning lie in covering up what looks like cunning. Baltas

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#biochem #biology #cell
This total (total amount of DNA in yeast) is only about 2.5 times as much DNA as there is in E. coli, and it codes for only 1.5 times as many distinct proteins (about 6600 in all).
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Flashcard 1474559610124

Tags
#ir #peds
Question
A 14yo ♂ with 1y Hx of FTT. He is pale and has diffuse abdominal pain. What are tests you would do to narrow your differential?
Answer
Ix:
CBC/Fe (occult inf, anemias, immune deficiency)
Celiac screen (tTG) - antibody test
U/A & culture (hydration status, inf, renal tubular acidosis)
renal function (lytes, BUN, cr)
Liver function (LFTs considered if signs of protein wasting or organomegaly)
Sweat test for CF
Metabolic/Endo tests PRN (TSH - hyperthyroidism)

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A 14yo ♂ with 1y Hx of FTT. He is pale and has diffuse abdominal pain. What are possible causes? What are 5 tests you would do to narrow your differential? DDx: non-organic, celiac, IBD, CF, T1DM, haematologic, malignancy, liver disease, obstructive uropathy Ix: CBC/Fe, celiac screen (tTGT), lytes, urea, Cr, TSH, U/A, Ca 2+ ,

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Growth
GROWTH Failure to Thrive: cross 2 %-tiles, wt <3%-tile, <80% ideal body wt A 14yo ♂ with 1y Hx of FTT. He is pale and has diffuse abdominal pain. What are possible causes? What are 5 tests you would do to narrow your differential? DDx: non-organic, celiac, IBD, CF, T1DM, haematologic, malignancy, liver disease, obstructive uropathy Ix: CBC/Fe, celiac screen (tTGT), lytes, urea, Cr, TSH, U/A, Ca 2+ , Vit ADE 14yo at 3 rd %ile weight + 10 th %ile height is not eating well. What are 3 possible causes? See above A full term baby presents with an eating







Flashcard 1476744056076

Tags
#ir #peds
Question

If done early, the Kasai procedure will restore [...] and prevent liver damage.

Answer
bile flow

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early, biliary atresia can be treated surgically with the Kasai procedure (anastomosis of the intrahepatic bile ducts to a loop of intestine to allow bile to drain directly into the intestine). If done early, the Kasai procedure will restore <span>bile flow and prevent liver damage. <span><body><html>

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CLIPP 8 - neonatal jaundice
ust be evaluated with fractionated bilirubin (i.e., total and direct bilirubin levels). A patient suspected of having biliary atresia generally will be referred to a pediatric gastroenterologist or pediatric surgeon. <span>Treatment When diagnosed early, biliary atresia can be treated surgically with the Kasai procedure (anastomosis of the i ntrahepatic bile ducts to a loop of intestine to allow bile to drain directly into the intestine). If done early, the Kasai procedure will restore bile flow and prevent liver damage. Voiding and Stooling Patterns in the Newborn Voiding Urination changes in the first days after birth: Day 3: The baby should be voidi







Flashcard 1476745628940

Tags
#ir #peds
Question

If done early, the Kasai procedure will restore bile flow and prevent [...].

Answer
liver damage

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a can be treated surgically with the Kasai procedure (anastomosis of the intrahepatic bile ducts to a loop of intestine to allow bile to drain directly into the intestine). If done early, the Kasai procedure will restore bile flow and prevent <span>liver damage. <span><body><html>

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CLIPP 8 - neonatal jaundice
ust be evaluated with fractionated bilirubin (i.e., total and direct bilirubin levels). A patient suspected of having biliary atresia generally will be referred to a pediatric gastroenterologist or pediatric surgeon. <span>Treatment When diagnosed early, biliary atresia can be treated surgically with the Kasai procedure (anastomosis of the i ntrahepatic bile ducts to a loop of intestine to allow bile to drain directly into the intestine). If done early, the Kasai procedure will restore bile flow and prevent liver damage. Voiding and Stooling Patterns in the Newborn Voiding Urination changes in the first days after birth: Day 3: The baby should be voidi







Flashcard 1476760833292

Tags
#ir #peds
Question

Biliary atresia causes a [...] hyperbilirubinemia.

Answer
direct

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Biliary atresia Typically presents after 2 weeks of age with progressive jaundice and acholic stools. Causes a direct hyperbilirubinemia.

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CLIPP 8 - neonatal jaundice
galactosemia or urea cycle defects-present with liver dysfunction, including jaundice, in addition to other features (like seizures, sepsis, ascites) depending on the defect. The newborn screen can help rule out these diagnoses. <span>Biliary atresia Typically presents after 2 weeks of age with progressive jaundice and acholic stools. Causes a direct hyperbilirubinemia. Intrinsic liver disease Very rare cause of neonatal jaundice Birth trauma (cephalohematoma or other bruising) Reabsorption of blood a







#medicine
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a medical condition that involves an accumulation of acid in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to appropriately acidify the urine.
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Flashcard 1476951149836

Tags
#medicine
Question
[...] is a medical condition that involves an accumulation of acid in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to appropriately acidify the urine.
Answer
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA)

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Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a medical condition that involves an accumulation of acid in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to appropriately acidify the urine.







Flashcard 1476954295564

Tags
#medicine
Question
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a medical condition that involves an accumulation of [...] in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to appropriately acidify the urine.
Answer
acid

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Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a medical condition that involves an accumulation of acid in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to appropriately acidify the urine.







Flashcard 1476955868428

Tags
#medicine
Question
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a medical condition that involves an accumulation of acid in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to appropriately [...] the urine.
Answer
acidify

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Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a medical condition that involves an accumulation of acid in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to appropriately acidify the urine.







Flashcard 1477033725196

Question
“IF YOU WANT TO GATHER HONEY, [...]
Answer
DON’T KICK OVER THE BEEHIVE

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“IF YOU WANT TO GATHER HONEY, DON’T KICK OVER THE BEEHIVE

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Flashcard 1477036346636

Question
It is proven that an animal [...] will learn much more rapidly and retain far more than an animal [...] .
Answer
rewarded for good behavior

punished for bad behavior

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It is proven that an animal rewarded for good behavior will learn much more rapidly and retain what it learns far more effectively than an animal punished for bad behavior.

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Flashcard 1477038705932

Tags
#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #social-proof
Question
This principle also comes across in the weight we [...] of other people around us.
Answer
give the advice

– even people unqualified to give a good opinion.

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This principle also comes across in the weight we give the advice of other people around us – even people unqualified to give a good opinion.

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Flashcard 1477041065228

Tags
#48-laws-of-power #law-2-never-trust-friends-learn-how-to-use-enemies #reversal
Question
Nothing is stable in the realm of power, and even [...] can be transformed into the worst of enemies.
Answer
the closest of friends

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Nothing is stable in the realm of power, and even the closest of friends can be transformed into the worst of enemies.

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Flashcard 1477042900236

Tags
#conversation-tactics
Question
Chapter 10. Celebrate people’s [...].
Answer
idiosyncrasies

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Chapter 10. Celebrate people’s idiosyncrasies.

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#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency
Simply by reminding someone that they have acted a certain way in the past, will start to cement their minds onto that track of thought and action.
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Simply by reminding someone that they have acted a certain way in the past, will start to cement their minds onto that track of thought and action. Also, always get someone to speak out loud about their previous actions in that direction. If they at least speak it to you, and preferably many people, they are in a way cementing in t

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#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency
Always get someone to speak out loud about their previous actions in the direction you want.
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Simply by reminding someone that they have acted a certain way in the past, will start to cement their minds onto that track of thought and action. Also, always get someone to speak out loud about their previous actions in that direction. If they at least speak it to you, and preferably many people, they are in a way cementing in their chosen course. And they will immediately begin in that direction and start justifying

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#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency
Start small, and gradually get bigger and bigger
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s actions in that direction. If they at least speak it to you, and preferably many people, they are in a way cementing in their chosen course. And they will immediately begin in that direction and start justifying it to themselves. <span>Start small, and gradually get bigger and bigger<span><body><html>

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Flashcard 1477051026700

Tags
#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #liking
Question
Those who received an email from someone who [...] returned the forms more that those who didnt.
Answer
had a similar sounding name

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Those who received an email from someone who had a similar sounding name returned the forms more that those who didnt.

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Flashcard 1477052599564

Tags
#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #liking
Question
We also like people who we find to be [...].
Answer
attractive

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we also like people who we find to be attractive. There is a theory, which states that, people who are attractive are also going to possess other qualities such as being loyal and committed and thus, people are more likely to listen t

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#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #liking
There is a theory, which states that, people who are attractive are also going to possess other qualities such as being loyal and committed and thus, people are more likely to listen to them and also get influenced by them.
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we also like people who we find to be attractive. There is a theory, which states that, people who are attractive are also going to possess other qualities such as being loyal and committed and thus, people are more likely to listen to them and also get influenced by them.

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Flashcard 1477056531724

Question
How can you develop an urge to get better at dealing with people?
Answer
By constantly reminding yourself how important these principles are to you.

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How can you develop an urge to get better at dealing with people? By constantly reminding yourself how important these principles are to you.

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Flashcard 1477061250316

Question
Nobody, doesnt matter how bad they are, [...]
Answer
blame theirselves for anything.

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Nobody, doesnt matter how bad they are, blame theirselves for anything.

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Flashcard 1477062823180

Tags
#69-ways-to-influence
Question
People do not necessarily know where their [...].
Answer
emotions are coming from

You can lead their emotions, in many man ways.

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People do not necessarily know where their emotions are coming from. You can lead their emotions, in many man ways.

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Flashcard 1477065182476

Question
[...], are funds used by a company to acquire or upgrade physical assets such as property, industrial buildings or equipment.
Answer
Capital expenditure, or CapEx

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Capital expenditure, or CapEx, are funds used by a company to acquire or upgrade physical assets such as property, industrial buildings or equipment.

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Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) Definition | Investopedia
<span>What is 'Capital Expenditure (CAPEX)' Capital expenditure, or CapEx, are funds used by a company to acquire or upgrade physical assets such as property, industrial buildings or equipment. It is often used to undertake new projects or investments by the firm. This type of outlay is also made by companies to maintain or increase the scope of their operations. These expenditures can include everything from repairing a roof to building, to purchasing a piece of equipment, or building a brand new factory. BREAKING DOWN 'Capital Expenditure (CAPEX)' In terms of accounting, an expense is considered to be a capital expenditure when the asset is a newly







Flashcard 1477066755340

Question
If an expense is a capital expenditure, it needs to be [...].
Answer
capitalized

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If an expense is a capital expenditure, it needs to be capitalized. This requires the company to spread the cost of the expenditure (the fixed cost) over the useful life of the asset.

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Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) Definition | Investopedia
companies to maintain or increase the scope of their operations. These expenditures can include everything from repairing a roof to building, to purchasing a piece of equipment, or building a brand new factory. <span>BREAKING DOWN 'Capital Expenditure (CAPEX)' In terms of accounting, an expense is considered to be a capital expenditure when the asset is a newly purchased capital asset or an investment that improves the useful life of an existing capital asset. If an expense is a capital expenditure, it needs to be capitalized. This requires the company to spread the cost of the expenditure (the fixed cost) over the useful life of the asset. If, however, the expense is one that maintains the asset at its current condition, the cost is deducted fully in the year of the expense. The amount of capital expenditures a company is likely to have depends on the industry it occupies. Some of the most capital intensive industries have the highest levels of capital ex







Revenue expenses or operating expenses (OPEX) are shorter-term expenses required to meet the ongoing operational costs of running a business, and therefore they are essentially identical to operating expenses.
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Capital expenditure should not be confused with revenue expenditure or operating expenses (OPEX). Revenue expenses are shorter-term expenses required to meet the ongoing operational costs of running a business, and therefore they are essentially identical to operating expenses.

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Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) Definition | Investopedia
s a company is likely to have depends on the industry it occupies. Some of the most capital intensive industries have the highest levels of capital expenditures including oil exploration and production, telecom, manufacturing and utilities. <span>Capital expenditure should not be confused with revenue expenditure or operating expenses (OPEX). Revenue expenses are shorter-term expenses required to meet the ongoing operational costs of running a business, and therefore they are essentially identical to operating expenses. Unlike capital expenditures, revenue expenses can be fully tax-deducted in the same year in which the expenses occur. Using Capital Expenditures in Multiples for Relative Valuation The cash flow to capital expenditure ratio, or CF/CapEX, relates to a company's ability to acquire long term assets us




Flashcard 1477070687500

Tags
#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency
Question
In action, you can influence people to act the way you want them to act by getting them to [...] in the direction you want them to go in.
Answer
agree and say ‘yes’ and take very small actions

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In action, you can influence people to act the way you want them to act by getting them to agree and say ‘yes’ and take very small actions in the direction you want them to go in.

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Flashcard 1477072260364

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#48-laws-of-power #law-3-conceal-your-intentions
Question
Do not give them the chance to sense what you are up to: Throw them off the scent by [...].
Answer
dragging red herrings across the path

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Do not give them the chance to sense what you are up to: Throw them off the scent by dragging red herrings across the path.

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Flashcard 1477073833228

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#48-laws-of-power #law-3-conceal-your-intentions
Question
Use [...], send [...], set up misleading objects of desire. Unable to distinguish the genuine from the false, they cannot pick out your real goal.
Answer
false sincerity

ambiguous signals

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Use false sincerity, send ambiguous signals, set up misleading objects of desire. Unable to distinguish the genuine from the false, they cannot pick out your real goal.

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Flashcard 1477080648972

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#cfa-level-1 #corporate-finance #reading-36-cost-of-capital
Question
The cost of capital that the investment analyst is concerned with is a [...]
Answer
marginal cost.

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The cost of capital that the investment analyst is concerned with is a marginal cost.

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2. COST OF CAPITAL
ponent cost of capital . Because we are using the cost of capital in the evaluation of investment opportunities, we are dealing with a marginal cost—what it would cost to raise additional funds for the potential investment project. Therefore, <span>the cost of capital that the investment analyst is concerned with is a marginal cost. Let us focus on the cost of capital for the entire company (later we will address how to adjust that for specific projects). The cost of capital of a company is the require







Flashcard 1477082483980

Tags
#cfa-level-1 #corporate-finance #reading-36-cost-of-capital #taxes-and-cc
Question
Is Debt financing interest cost Tax deductable?
Answer
Yes, indeed it is

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In the United States and many other tax jurisdictions, the interest on debt financing is a deduction to arrive at taxable income.

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2.1. Taxes and the Cost of Capital
Notice that in Equation 1 we adjust the expected before-tax cost on new debt financing, r d , by a factor of (1 − t). In the United States and many other tax jurisdictions, the interest on debt financing is a deduction to arrive at taxable income. Taking the tax-deductibility of interest as the base case, we adjust the pre-tax cost of debt for this tax shield. Multiplying r d by (1 − t) results in an estimate of the after-tax co







Flashcard 1477085105420

Tags
#cfa-level-1 #corporate-finance #reading-36-cost-of-capital
Question

If we choose to use the company’s WACC in the calculation of the NPV of a project, we are assuming that the project:

  • will have a [...] throughout its useful life.

Answer
constant target capital structure

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y>If we choose to use the company’s WACC in the calculation of the NPV of a project, we are assuming that the project: has the same risk as the average-risk project of the company, and will have a constant target capital structure throughout its useful life.3<body><html>

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2.3. Applying the Cost of Capital to Capital Budgeting and Security Valuation
e of the cash outflows, discounted using that same opportunity cost of capital: NPV = Present value of inflows − Present value of outflows If an investment’s NPV is positive, the company should undertake the project. <span>If we choose to use the company’s WACC in the calculation of the NPV of a project, we are assuming that the project: has the same risk as the average-risk project of the company, and will have a constant target capital structure throughout its useful life.3 These may not be realistic or appropriate assumptions and are potential drawbacks to using the company’s WACC in valuing projects. However, alternative approaches a







Flashcard 1477087464716

Tags
#cfa-level-1 #corporate-finance #reading-36-cost-of-capital
Question

If we choose to use the company’s WACC in the calculation of the NPV of a project, we are assuming that the project:

  • has the [...] of the company.

Answer
same risk as the average-risk project

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If we choose to use the company’s WACC in the calculation of the NPV of a project, we are assuming that the project: has the same risk as the average-risk project of the company, and will have a constant target capital structure throughout its useful life.3

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2.3. Applying the Cost of Capital to Capital Budgeting and Security Valuation
e of the cash outflows, discounted using that same opportunity cost of capital: NPV = Present value of inflows − Present value of outflows If an investment’s NPV is positive, the company should undertake the project. <span>If we choose to use the company’s WACC in the calculation of the NPV of a project, we are assuming that the project: has the same risk as the average-risk project of the company, and will have a constant target capital structure throughout its useful life.3 These may not be realistic or appropriate assumptions and are potential drawbacks to using the company’s WACC in valuing projects. However, alternative approaches a







Flashcard 1477089824012

Question
A divestiture, in its simplest form, is the [...] by a company.
Answer
disposition or sale of an asset

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A divestiture, in its simplest form, is the disposition or sale of an asset by a company.

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Divestiture Definition | Investopedia
after a merger or acquisition, if the disposal of a unit increases the resale value of the firm, or if a court requires the sale of a business unit to improve market competition. BREAKING DOWN 'Divestiture' <span>A divestiture, in its simplest form, is the disposition or sale of an asset by a company. Divestitures are essentially a way for a company to manage its portfolio of assets. As companies grow, they may find that they are trying to focus on too many lines of business, and the







#dale-carnegie #how-to-win-friends
Being challenge to a duel to death taught Lincoln an invaluable lesson in the art of dealing with people. Which was it?

Never again did he write an insulting letter. Never again did he ridicule anyone. And from that time on, he almost never criticized anybody for anything.
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Flashcard 1477094542604

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#dale-carnegie #how-to-win-friends
Question
Being challenge to a duel to death taught Lincoln an invaluable lesson in the art of dealing with people. Which was it?
Answer
Never again did he criticized, insult or ridicule anyone.


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Being challenge to a duel to death taught Lincoln an invaluable lesson in the art of dealing with people. Which was it? Never again did he write an insulting letter. Never again did he ridicule anyone. And from that time on, he almost never criticized anybody for anything.

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Flashcard 1477126786316

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
This total (total amount of DNA in yeast) is only about [...] as much DNA as there is in E. coli, and it codes for only 1.5 times as many distinct proteins (about 6600 in all).
Answer
2.5 times

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This total (total amount of DNA in yeast) is only about 2.5 times as much DNA as there is in E. coli, and it codes for only 1.5 times as many distinct proteins (about 6600 in all).

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Flashcard 1477128621324

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
This total (total amount of DNA in yeast) is only about 2.5 times as much DNA as there is in E. coli, and it codes for only [...] as many distinct proteins (about 6600 in all).
Answer
1.5 times

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This total (total amount of DNA in yeast) is only about 2.5 times as much DNA as there is in E. coli, and it codes for only 1.5 times as many distinct proteins (about 6600 in all).

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Flashcard 1477130194188

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
This total (total amount of DNA in yeast) is only about 2.5 times as much DNA as there is in E. coli, and it codes for only 1.5 times as many distinct proteins (about [...] in all).
Answer
6600

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This total (total amount of DNA in yeast) is only about 2.5 times as much DNA as there is in E. coli, and it codes for only 1.5 times as many distinct proteins (about 6600 in all).

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Flashcard 1477132029196

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
bacteria and archaea are separated by perhaps [...] years of evolution, vertebrates and insects are separated by about 700 million years, fish and mammals by about 450 million years, and the different species of flowering plants by only about 150 mil- lion years
Answer
3.5 billion

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bacteria and archaea are separated by perhaps 3.5 billion years of evolution, vertebrates and insects are separated by about 700 million years, fish and mammals by about 450 million years, and the different species of flowering plants by onl

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Flashcard 1477133602060

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
bacteria and archaea are separated by perhaps 3.5 billion years of evolution, vertebrates and insects are separated by about [...] years, fish and mammals by about 450 million years, and the different species of flowering plants by only about 150 mil- lion years
Answer
700 million

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bacteria and archaea are separated by perhaps 3.5 billion years of evolution, vertebrates and insects are separated by about 700 million years, fish and mammals by about 450 million years, and the different species of flowering plants by only about 150 mil- lion years

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Flashcard 1477135174924

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
bacteria and archaea are separated by perhaps 3.5 billion years of evolution, vertebrates and insects are separated by about 700 million years, fish and mammals by about [...] years, and the different species of flowering plants by only about 150 mil- lion years
Answer
450 million

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bacteria and archaea are separated by perhaps 3.5 billion years of evolution, vertebrates and insects are separated by about 700 million years, fish and mammals by about 450 million years, and the different species of flowering plants by only about 150 mil- lion years

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Flashcard 1477136747788

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
bacteria and archaea are separated by perhaps 3.5 billion years of evolution, vertebrates and insects are separated by about 700 million years, fish and mammals by about 450 million years, and the different species of flowering plants by only about [...] years
Answer
150 mil- lion

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and archaea are separated by perhaps 3.5 billion years of evolution, vertebrates and insects are separated by about 700 million years, fish and mammals by about 450 million years, and the different species of flowering plants by only about <span>150 mil- lion years<span><body><html>

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Flashcard 1477138320652

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
[...] (Figure 1–39) is a small, harmless relative of the eel- worm that attacks crops. With a life cycle of only a few days, an ability to survive in a freezer indefinitely in a state of suspended animation, a simple body plan, and an unusual life cycle that is well suited for genetic studies (described in Chapter 21), it is an ideal model organism
Answer
Caenorhabditis elegans

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Caenorhabditis elegans (Figure 1–39) is a small, harmless relative of the eel- worm that attacks crops. With a life cycle of only a few days, an ability to survive in a freezer indefinitely in a state of sus

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Flashcard 1477139893516

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Caenorhabditis elegans (Figure 1–39) is a small, harmless relative of the eel- worm that attacks crops. With a life cycle of only a few days, an ability to [3 characteristics] (described in Chapter 21), it is an ideal model organism
Answer
survive in a freezer indefinitely in a state of suspended animation, a simple body plan, and an unusual life cycle that is well suited for genetic studies

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Caenorhabditis elegans (Figure 1–39) is a small, harmless relative of the eel- worm that attacks crops. With a life cycle of only a few days, an ability to survive in a freezer indefinitely in a state of suspended animation, a simple body plan, and an unusual life cycle that is well suited for genetic studies (described in Chapter 21), it is an ideal model organism

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Flashcard 1477146971404

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Drosophila requires only 9 days to progress from a fertilized egg to an adult; it is vastly easier and cheaper to breed than any vertebrate, and its genome is much smaller—about 200 million nucleotide pairs, compared with 3200 million for a human. This genome codes for about [...] proteins, and mutants can now be obtained for essentially any gene.
Answer
15,000

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rogress from a fertilized egg to an adult; it is vastly easier and cheaper to breed than any vertebrate, and its genome is much smaller—about 200 million nucleotide pairs, compared with 3200 million for a human. This genome codes for about <span>15,000 proteins, and mutants can now be obtained for essentially any gene.<span><body><html>

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Flashcard 1477148544268

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
[...] have long been used to study the early steps of embryonic development in vertebrates, because their eggs are big, easy to manipulate, and fertilized out- side of the animal, so that the subsequent development of the early embryo is easily followed
Answer
Frogs

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Frogs have long been used to study the early steps of embryonic development in vertebrates, because their eggs are big, easy to manipulate, and fertilized out- side of the animal, so that th

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Flashcard 1477152476428

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
The [...] has similar advantages, but without this drawback. Its genome is compact—only half as big as that of a mouse or a human—and it has a generation time of only about three months. Many mutants are known, and genetic engineering is relatively easy.
Answer
zebrafish Danio rerio

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The zebrafish Danio rerio has similar advantages, but without this drawback. Its genome is compact—only half as big as that of a mouse or a human—and it has a generation time of only about three months. Many m

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Flashcard 1477154049292

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
The zebrafish Danio rerio has similar advantages, but without this drawback. Its genome is compact—only [...] as big as that of a mouse or a human—and it has a generation time of only about three months. Many mutants are known, and genetic engineering is relatively easy. The zebrafish has the added virtue that it is transparent for the first two weeks of its life, so that one can watch the behavior of individual cells in the living organism
Answer
half

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The zebrafish Danio rerio has similar advantages, but without this drawback. Its genome is compact—only half as big as that of a mouse or a human—and it has a generation time of only about three months. Many mutants are known, and genetic engineering is relatively easy. The zebrafish has the

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Flashcard 1477157195020

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
The zebrafish Danio rerio has similar advantages, but without this drawback. Its genome is compact—only half as big as that of a mouse or a human—and it has a generation time of only about three months. Many mutants are known, and genetic engineering is relatively easy. The zebrafish has the added virtue that it is [...so that...]
Answer
transparent for the first two weeks of its life, so that one can watch the behavior of individual cells in the living organism

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Its genome is compact—only half as big as that of a mouse or a human—and it has a generation time of only about three months. Many mutants are known, and genetic engineering is relatively easy. The zebrafish has the added virtue that it is <span>transparent for the first two weeks of its life, so that one can watch the behavior of individual cells in the living organism<span><body><html>

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Flashcard 1477159554316

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Living organisms are made of only a small selection of the [how many?] naturally occurring elements, four of which—carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O)—make up 96.5% of an organism’s weight
Answer
92

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Living organisms are made of only a small selection of the 92 naturally occurring elements, four of which—carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O)—make up 96.5% of an organism’s weight

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Flashcard 1477161127180

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Living organisms are made of only a small selection of the 92 naturally occurring elements, four of which—[...])—make up 96.5% of an organism’s weight
Answer
carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O

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Living organisms are made of only a small selection of the 92 naturally occurring elements, four of which—carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O)—make up 96.5% of an organism’s weight

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Flashcard 1477162700044

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Living organisms are made of only a small selection of the 92 naturally occurring elements, four of which—carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O)—make up [...] of an organism’s weight
Answer
96.5%

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Living organisms are made of only a small selection of the 92 naturally occurring elements, four of which—carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O)—make up 96.5% of an organism’s weight

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Flashcard 1477166370060

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Noncovalent chemical bonds have less than [...] the strength of a covalent bond
Answer
1/20

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Noncovalent chemical bonds have less than 1/20 the strength of a covalent bond

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Flashcard 1477167942924

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
By weight, [...] are the most abundant carbon-containing molecules in a living cell
Answer
macromolecules

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By weight, macromolecules are the most abundant carbon-containing molecules in a living cell

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Flashcard 1477169515788

Tags
#bayes #programming #r #statistics
Question
“variance” is based on the [...]
Answer
squared difference between x and the mean

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“variance” is based on the squared difference between x and the mean

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Flashcard 1477171088652

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics
Question
The square root of the variance, sometimes referred to as [...], is called the standard deviation of the distribution
Answer
root mean squared deviation (RMSD)

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The square root of the variance, sometimes referred to as root mean squared deviation (RMSD), is called the standard deviation of the distribution

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Flashcard 1477172661516

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
The human genome contains [...] as many nucleotide pairs as the genome of a typical bacterium
Answer
1000 times

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The human genome contains 1000 times as many nucleotide pairs as the genome of a typical bacterium

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Flashcard 1477174234380

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Certain exceptional eukaryotic species, such as the [...], bear witness to the profligacy of their relatives; they have somehow managed to rid themselves of large quantities of noncoding DNA. Yet they appear similar in structure, behavior, and fitness to related species that have vastly more such DNA
Answer
puffer fish

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Certain exceptional eukaryotic species, such as the puffer fish, bear witness to the profligacy of their relatives; they have somehow managed to rid themselves of large quantities of noncoding DNA. Yet they appear similar in structure, behavior, a

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Flashcard 1477177380108

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
The complete genome sequence of S. cerevisiae, determined in 1997, consists of approximately 13,117,000 nucleotide pairs, including the small contribution ([...] nucleotide pairs) of the mitochondrial DNA.
Answer
78,520

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The complete genome sequence of S. cerevisiae, determined in 1997, consists of approximately 13,117,000 nucleotide pairs, including the small contribution (78,520 nucleotide pairs) of the mitochondrial DNA.

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Flashcard 1477178952972

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Five species have emerged as the foremost model organisms for molecular genetic studies. In order of increasing size, they are the [5 species]. Each has had its genome sequenced
Answer
nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, the fly Drosophila melanogaster, the zebrafish Danio rerio, the mouse Mus musculus, and the human, Homo sapiens

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Five species have emerged as the foremost model organisms for molecular genetic studies. In order of increasing size, they are the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, the fly Drosophila melanogaster, the zebrafish Danio rerio, the mouse Mus musculus, and the human, Homo sapiens. Each has had its genome sequenced

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Flashcard 1477181312268

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Mammals have typically [...] as many genes as Drosophila, a genome that is 16 times larger, and millions or billions of times as many cells in their adult bodies.
Answer
two times

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Mammals have typically two times as many genes as Drosophila, a genome that is 16 times larger, and millions or billions of times as many cells in their adult bodies.

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Flashcard 1477182885132

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#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Mammals have typically two times as many genes as Drosophila, a genome that is [...] times larger, and millions or billions of times as many cells in their adult bodies.
Answer
16

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Mammals have typically two times as many genes as Drosophila, a genome that is 16 times larger, and millions or billions of times as many cells in their adult bodies.

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Flashcard 1477184457996

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
cells are [...]% water
Answer
70

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cells are 70% water

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Flashcard 1477186030860

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
covalent bonds are typically [...] times stronger than the thermal energies within a cell, they resist being pulled apart by thermal motions, and they are normally broken only during specific chemical reactions with other atoms and molecules.
Answer
100

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covalent bonds are typically 100 times stronger than the thermal energies within a cell, they resist being pulled apart by thermal motions, and they are normally broken only during specific chemical reactions with ot

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Flashcard 1477187603724

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
[...], a protein that self-assembles to make the cell’s long microtubules
Answer
tubulin

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tubulin, a protein that self-assembles to make the cell’s long microtubules

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Flashcard 1477189176588

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
tubulin, [...]
Answer
a protein that self-assembles to make the cell’s long microtubules

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tubulin, a protein that self-assembles to make the cell’s long microtubules

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Flashcard 1477193108748

Tags
#bayes #programming #r #statistics
Question
The definition of variance is simply the [formula]
Answer
mean squared deviation (MSD) of the x values from their mean:\( \int var(x) = dx \space p(x) ( x − E[x] ) ^2\)

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The definition of variance is simply the mean squared deviation (MSD) of the x values from their mean: int var x = dxp(x) ( x − E[x] ) 2

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Flashcard 1477196516620

Tags
#bayes #programming #r #statistics
Question
Notice that Equation 4.8 is just like the formula for the mean (Equation 4.6)except that instead of integrating x weighted by x’s probability, we’re integrating ( x − E[x] ) 2 weighted by x’s probability. In other words, the variance is just the [...]
Answer
average value of ( x − E[x] ) 2

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ice that Equation 4.8 is just like the formula for the mean (Equation 4.6)except that instead of integrating x weighted by x’s probability, we’re integrating ( x − E[x] ) 2 weighted by x’s probability. In other words, the variance is just the <span>average value of ( x − E[x] ) 2<span><body><html>

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Flashcard 1477198089484

Tags
#bayes #programming #r #statistics
Question
In a normal distribution, about [...] of the distribution lies between μ and μ +σ
Answer
34%

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In a normal distribution, about 34% of the distribution lies between μ and μ +σ

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Flashcard 1477201497356

Tags
#biology #cell #genetics #molecular
Question
plasma membrane
Answer
selective barrier that enables the cell to concentrate nutrients gathered from its environment and retain the products it
synthesizes for its own use, while excreting its waste products

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#biology #cell #genetics #molecular
The individual cell is the minimal self-reproducing unit of living matter, and it con- sists of a self-replicating collection of catalysts. Central to this reproduction is the transmission of genetic information to progeny cells. Every cell on our planet stores its genetic information in the same chemical form—as double-stranded DNA. The cell replicates its information by separating the paired DNA strands and using each as a template for polymerization to make a new DNA strand with a complemen- tary sequence of nucleotides. The same strategy of templated polymerization is used to transcribe portions of the information from DNA into molecules of the closely related polymer, RNA. These RNA molecules in turn guide the synthesis of protein molecules by the more complex machinery of translation, involving a large multi- molecular machine, the ribosome. Proteins are the principal catalysts for almost all the chemical reactions in the cell; their other functions include the selective import and export of small molecules across the plasma membrane that forms the cell’s boundary. The specific function of each protein depends on its amino acid sequence, which is specified by the nucleotide sequence of a corresponding segment of the DNA—the gene that codes for that protein. In this way, the genome of the cell determines its chemistry; and the chemistry of every living cell is fundamentally similar, because it must provide for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein. The simplest known cells can survive with about 400 genes.
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Flashcard 1477206215948

Tags
#biology #cell #genetics #molecular
Question
organotrophic
Answer
animals, fungi, and the many different bacteria that live in the human gut, that get free energy by feeding on other living things or the organic chemicals they produce

(as compared to phototrophic [light] and lithotrophic [inorganic matter])

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Flashcard 1477210410252

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Even though a proton plus an electron is involved (instead of just an electron), such hydrogenation reactions are [...], and the reverse, dehydrogenation reactions are [...]
Answer
reductions; oxidations

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Even though a proton plus an electron is involved (instead of just an electron), such hydrogenation reactions are reductions, and the reverse, dehydrogenation reactions are oxidations.

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Flashcard 1477211983116

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Even though a proton plus an electron is involved (instead of just an electron), such hydrogenation reactions are reductions, and the reverse, dehydrogenation reactions are [...].
Answer
oxidations

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Even though a proton plus an electron is involved (instead of just an electron), such hydrogenation reactions are reductions, and the reverse, dehydrogenation reactions are oxidations.

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Flashcard 1477222468876

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
Can an enzyme change the equilibrium point of a reaction? Why or why not?
Answer
An enzyme cannot change the equilibrium point for a reaction. The reason is sim- ple: when an enzyme (or any catalyst) lowers the activation energy for the reaction Y → X, of necessity it also lowers the activation energy for the reaction X → Y by exactly the same amount (see Figure 2–21). The forward and backward reactions will therefore be accelerated by the same factor by an enzyme, and the equilib- rium point for the reaction will be unchanged (Figure 2–23). Thus no matter how much an enzyme speeds up a reaction, it cannot change its direction

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An enzyme cannot change the equilibrium point for a reaction. The reason is sim- ple: when an enzyme (or any catalyst) lowers the activation energy for the reaction Y → X, of necessity it also lowers the activation energy for the reaction X → Y by exactly the same amount (see Figure 2–21). The forward and backward reactions will therefore be accelerated by the same factor by an enzyme, and the equilib- rium point for the reaction will be unchanged (Figure 2–23). Thus no matter how much an enzyme speeds up a reaction, it cannot change its direction

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Flashcard 1477226663180

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
A small organic molecule, for example, takes only about [...] on average to diffuse a distance of 10 μm. Dif- fusion is therefore an efficient way for small molecules to move the limited dis- tances in the cell (a typical animal cell is 15 μm in diameter)
Answer
one-fifth of a second

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A small organic molecule, for example, takes only about one-fifth of a second on average to diffuse a distance of 10 μm. Dif- fusion is therefore an efficient way for small molecules to move the limited dis- tances in the cell (a typical animal cell is 15 μm in d

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Flashcard 1477228236044

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
A small organic molecule, for example, takes only about one-fifth of a second on average to diffuse a distance of [...].
Answer
10 μm

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A small organic molecule, for example, takes only about one-fifth of a second on average to diffuse a distance of 10 μm. Dif- fusion is therefore an efficient way for small molecules to move the limited dis- tances in the cell (a typical animal cell is 15 μm in diameter)

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Flashcard 1477229808908

Tags
#biochem #biology #cell
Question
A typical animal cell is [...] in diameter
Answer
15 μm

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anic molecule, for example, takes only about one-fifth of a second on average to diffuse a distance of 10 μm. Dif- fusion is therefore an efficient way for small molecules to move the limited dis- tances in the cell (a typical animal cell is <span>15 μm in diameter)<span><body><html>

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Flashcard 1477231381772

Tags
#matlab #programming
Question
If no variables are listed [...]. The extension .mat is the default—you can specify a different extension.
Answer
the entire workspace is saved

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If no variables are listed the entire workspace is saved. The extension .mat is the default—you can specify a different extension.

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Flashcard 1477234527500

Tags
#matlab #programming
Question
The expression y>0returns a logical vector with 1s where sin(x) is positive, and 0s otherwise. Element-by-element multiplication by y with [operator] then picks out the positive elements of y
Answer
.*

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The expression y>0returns a logical vector with 1s where sin(x) is positive, and 0s otherwise. Element-by-element multiplication by y with .* then picks out the positive elements of y

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Flashcard 1477236100364

Tags
#matlab #programming
Question
Logical vector subscripts provide an elegant way of removing certain elements from a vector, e.g., [...] removes all the non-positive elements from a, because a>0returns the log- ical vector [00111].
Answer
a=a(a>0)

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Logical vector subscripts provide an elegant way of removing certain elements from a vector, e.g., a=a(a>0) removes all the non-positive elements from a, because a>0returns the log- ical vector [00111].

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Flashcard 1477239508236

Tags
#bayes #programming #r #statistics
Question
A probability distribution can refer to probability of measurement values or of parameter values. The probability can be interpreted either as how much a value could be sampled from a generative process, or as [...]
Answer
how much credibility the value has relative to other values.

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l>A probability distribution can refer to probability of measurement values or of parameter values. The probability can be interpreted either as how much a value could be sampled from a generative process, or as how much credibility the value has relative to other values.<html>

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Flashcard 1477243178252

Tags
#bayes #programming #r #statistics
Question
The standard deviation of θ, which measures how wide the distribution is, can be thought of as a measure of [...].
Answer
uncertainty across candidate values

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The standard deviation of θ, which measures how wide the distribution is, can be thought of as a measure of uncertainty across candidate values. If the standard deviation is small, then we believe strongly in values of θ near the mean. If the standard deviation is large, then we are not very certain about what value of θ to bel

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Flashcard 1477245013260

Tags
#bayes #programming #r #statistics
Question
In other words, the mean of the distribution is the value that [minimizes what?]. In this way, the mean is a central tendency of the distribution
Answer
minimizes the expected squared deviation

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In other words, the mean of the distribution is the value that minimizes the expected squared deviation. In this way, the mean is a central tendency of the distribution

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Flashcard 1477249993996

Tags
#ir #peds
Question
Erythema infectiosum is also called [...]
Answer
Fifth disease

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Erythema infectiosum Also called fifth disease, this is caused by parvovirus B19.

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CLIPP 11 - Kawasaki
presents as a vesicular rash on the hands and feet and with ulcers in the mouth. Usually seen in late summer and early fall. While the fever associated with enteroviruses may be high, it usually lasts only a few days. <span>Erythema infectiosum Also called fifth disease, this is caused by parvovirus B19. There is frequently an associated low-grade fever (37.8-38.3 degrees C, or 100-101 degrees F), with a rash appearing seven to ten days later. The characteristic rash starts as facial erythema-the "slapped cheek" appearance. This can spread to the trunk and have an erythematous macular appearance. Central clearing of the rash appears, giving a lacy appearance. The rash often lasts longest on the extremities, where it has a lacy, reticular appearance. People with fifth disease can also develop pain and swelling in their joints (polyarthropathy syndrome). Individuals with underlying immune deficiencies who are exposed to this virus are at risk for developing aplastic anemia. Measles After a prodrome of fever (over 38.3 C, or 101 F), cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis, this maculopapular rash starts on the neck, behind the ears, and along







Flashcard 1477252353292

Tags
#ir #peds
Question
Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease) is caused by [...]
Answer
parvovirus B19

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Erythema infectiosum Also called fifth disease, this is caused by parvovirus B19.

Original toplevel document

CLIPP 11 - Kawasaki
presents as a vesicular rash on the hands and feet and with ulcers in the mouth. Usually seen in late summer and early fall. While the fever associated with enteroviruses may be high, it usually lasts only a few days. <span>Erythema infectiosum Also called fifth disease, this is caused by parvovirus B19. There is frequently an associated low-grade fever (37.8-38.3 degrees C, or 100-101 degrees F), with a rash appearing seven to ten days later. The characteristic rash starts as facial erythema-the "slapped cheek" appearance. This can spread to the trunk and have an erythematous macular appearance. Central clearing of the rash appears, giving a lacy appearance. The rash often lasts longest on the extremities, where it has a lacy, reticular appearance. People with fifth disease can also develop pain and swelling in their joints (polyarthropathy syndrome). Individuals with underlying immune deficiencies who are exposed to this virus are at risk for developing aplastic anemia. Measles After a prodrome of fever (over 38.3 C, or 101 F), cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis, this maculopapular rash starts on the neck, behind the ears, and along







Flashcard 1477254712588

Tags
#ir #peds
Question
In erythema infectiosum, there is frequently an associated low-grade fever ([...] degrees C), with a rash appearing seven to ten days later.
Answer
~38

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There is frequently an associated low-grade fever (37.8-38.3 degrees C, or 100-101 degrees F), with a rash appearing seven to ten days later.

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CLIPP 11 - Kawasaki
presents as a vesicular rash on the hands and feet and with ulcers in the mouth. Usually seen in late summer and early fall. While the fever associated with enteroviruses may be high, it usually lasts only a few days. <span>Erythema infectiosum Also called fifth disease, this is caused by parvovirus B19. There is frequently an associated low-grade fever (37.8-38.3 degrees C, or 100-101 degrees F), with a rash appearing seven to ten days later. The characteristic rash starts as facial erythema-the "slapped cheek" appearance. This can spread to the trunk and have an erythematous macular appearance. Central clearing of the rash appears, giving a lacy appearance. The rash often lasts longest on the extremities, where it has a lacy, reticular appearance. People with fifth disease can also develop pain and swelling in their joints (polyarthropathy syndrome). Individuals with underlying immune deficiencies who are exposed to this virus are at risk for developing aplastic anemia. Measles After a prodrome of fever (over 38.3 C, or 101 F), cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis, this maculopapular rash starts on the neck, behind the ears, and along







Flashcard 1477257071884

Tags
#ir #peds
Question
In erythema infectiosum, there is frequently an associated low-grade fever with a rash appearing [...] days later
Answer
seven to ten

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There is frequently an associated low-grade fever (37.8-38.3 degrees C, or 100-101 degrees F), with a rash appearing seven to ten days later.

Original toplevel document

CLIPP 11 - Kawasaki
presents as a vesicular rash on the hands and feet and with ulcers in the mouth. Usually seen in late summer and early fall. While the fever associated with enteroviruses may be high, it usually lasts only a few days. <span>Erythema infectiosum Also called fifth disease, this is caused by parvovirus B19. There is frequently an associated low-grade fever (37.8-38.3 degrees C, or 100-101 degrees F), with a rash appearing seven to ten days later. The characteristic rash starts as facial erythema-the "slapped cheek" appearance. This can spread to the trunk and have an erythematous macular appearance. Central clearing of the rash appears, giving a lacy appearance. The rash often lasts longest on the extremities, where it has a lacy, reticular appearance. People with fifth disease can also develop pain and swelling in their joints (polyarthropathy syndrome). Individuals with underlying immune deficiencies who are exposed to this virus are at risk for developing aplastic anemia. Measles After a prodrome of fever (over 38.3 C, or 101 F), cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis, this maculopapular rash starts on the neck, behind the ears, and along







Flashcard 1477259955468

Tags
#ir #peds
Question
Document all injuries on a [...]: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern
Answer
body diagram

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Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern

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Highlight doc Day 2 - maltx
at risk, relevant PHx Thorough O/E (completely undress): head, skin (ears, genitalia, buttocks), neuro (fontanelle, HC, fundi), mouth (frenulum), abdo, msk (swelling, pain), g/u (by specialized team) Palpate everywhere <span>Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern Photography of skin injuries is ideal (police or hospital camera) Ix (suspected non-accidental in non-ambulating children/infants): skeletal survey (all <2yo if NAI suspected), CT h







Flashcard 1477261790476

Tags
#ir #peds
Question
Document all injuries on a body diagram: [...], location, size, shape, colour, pattern
Answer
type

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Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern

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at risk, relevant PHx Thorough O/E (completely undress): head, skin (ears, genitalia, buttocks), neuro (fontanelle, HC, fundi), mouth (frenulum), abdo, msk (swelling, pain), g/u (by specialized team) Palpate everywhere <span>Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern Photography of skin injuries is ideal (police or hospital camera) Ix (suspected non-accidental in non-ambulating children/infants): skeletal survey (all <2yo if NAI suspected), CT h







Flashcard 1477263363340

Tags
#ir #peds
Question
Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, [...], size, shape, colour, pattern
Answer
location

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Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern

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at risk, relevant PHx Thorough O/E (completely undress): head, skin (ears, genitalia, buttocks), neuro (fontanelle, HC, fundi), mouth (frenulum), abdo, msk (swelling, pain), g/u (by specialized team) Palpate everywhere <span>Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern Photography of skin injuries is ideal (police or hospital camera) Ix (suspected non-accidental in non-ambulating children/infants): skeletal survey (all <2yo if NAI suspected), CT h







Flashcard 1477264936204

Tags
#ir #peds
Question
Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, [...], shape, colour, pattern
Answer
size

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Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern

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at risk, relevant PHx Thorough O/E (completely undress): head, skin (ears, genitalia, buttocks), neuro (fontanelle, HC, fundi), mouth (frenulum), abdo, msk (swelling, pain), g/u (by specialized team) Palpate everywhere <span>Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern Photography of skin injuries is ideal (police or hospital camera) Ix (suspected non-accidental in non-ambulating children/infants): skeletal survey (all <2yo if NAI suspected), CT h







Flashcard 1477266509068

Tags
#ir #peds
Question
Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, [...], colour, pattern
Answer
shape

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Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern

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at risk, relevant PHx Thorough O/E (completely undress): head, skin (ears, genitalia, buttocks), neuro (fontanelle, HC, fundi), mouth (frenulum), abdo, msk (swelling, pain), g/u (by specialized team) Palpate everywhere <span>Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern Photography of skin injuries is ideal (police or hospital camera) Ix (suspected non-accidental in non-ambulating children/infants): skeletal survey (all <2yo if NAI suspected), CT h







Flashcard 1477268081932

Tags
#ir #peds
Question
Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, [...], pattern
Answer
colour

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at risk, relevant PHx Thorough O/E (completely undress): head, skin (ears, genitalia, buttocks), neuro (fontanelle, HC, fundi), mouth (frenulum), abdo, msk (swelling, pain), g/u (by specialized team) Palpate everywhere <span>Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern Photography of skin injuries is ideal (police or hospital camera) Ix (suspected non-accidental in non-ambulating children/infants): skeletal survey (all <2yo if NAI suspected), CT h







Flashcard 1477269654796

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Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, [...]
Answer
pattern

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Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern

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Highlight doc Day 2 - maltx
at risk, relevant PHx Thorough O/E (completely undress): head, skin (ears, genitalia, buttocks), neuro (fontanelle, HC, fundi), mouth (frenulum), abdo, msk (swelling, pain), g/u (by specialized team) Palpate everywhere <span>Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern Photography of skin injuries is ideal (police or hospital camera) Ix (suspected non-accidental in non-ambulating children/infants): skeletal survey (all <2yo if NAI suspected), CT h







Flashcard 1477271227660

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Investigations in suspected NAI in non-ambulating children/infants
Answer
skeletal survey (all <2yo if NAI suspected)
CT head
direct ophthalmoscopy
labs for occult trauma (ALT, lipase, UA)

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Ix (suspected non-accidental in non-ambulating children/infants): skeletal survey (all <2yo if NAI suspected), CT head, direct ophthalmoscopy, labs for occult trauma (AST, ALT, lipase, UA)

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), abdo, msk (swelling, pain), g/u (by specialized team) Palpate everywhere Document all injuries on a body diagram: type, location, size, shape, colour, pattern Photography of skin injuries is ideal (police or hospital camera) <span>Ix (suspected non-accidental in non-ambulating children/infants): skeletal survey (all <2yo if NAI suspected), CT head, direct ophthalmoscopy, labs for occult trauma (AST, ALT, lipase, UA) Fractures: bone density on XR, Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Phos, ALP, PTH, VIT D Ddx: accidental inj, osteogenesis imperfecta, Menkes dz, osteopenia (rickets, prematurity, meds), os







Flashcard 1477273586956

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BMI = [...]
Answer
mass (kg) / height (m2)

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BMI = mass (kg) / height (m2)

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Growth
fication of food • May need referral to dietitian, social work Overweight and Obesity Introduction • Growth monitoring should be performed at primary care visits for children and youth ages 17 and younger • <span>BMI = mass (kg) / height (m2) o WHO Growth Charts for Canada are recommended which have different cutpoints for the definition of overweight and obesity than the US‐based CDC charts • Cut‐off poi







Flashcard 1477275684108

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Question
What is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in children?
Answer
Streptococcus pneumoniae

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Because Streptococcus pneumoniae continues to be the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in children, prescribing amoxicillin or ampicillin for seven to 10 days remains the mainstay of empirical therapy for nonsev

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Uncomplicated Pneumonia
gnosis of bacterial pneumonia should be supported by a chest radiograph before starting antimicrobials. Factors such as age, vital signs and other measures of illness severity are critical when deciding whether to admit a patient to hospital. <span>Because Streptococcus pneumoniae continues to be the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in children, prescribing amoxicillin or ampicillin for seven to 10 days remains the mainstay of empirical therapy for nonsevere pneumonia .If improvement does not occur, consideration should be given to searching for complications (empyema or lung abscess). Routine chest radiographs at the end of therapy are not recommend







Flashcard 1477278043404

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Question
What is the mainstay of empirical therapy for nonsevere pneumonia in children?
Answer
amoxicillin or ampicillin

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Because Streptococcus pneumoniae continues to be the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in children, prescribing amoxicillin or ampicillin for seven to 10 days remains the mainstay of empirical therapy for nonsevere pneumonia

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Uncomplicated Pneumonia
gnosis of bacterial pneumonia should be supported by a chest radiograph before starting antimicrobials. Factors such as age, vital signs and other measures of illness severity are critical when deciding whether to admit a patient to hospital. <span>Because Streptococcus pneumoniae continues to be the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in children, prescribing amoxicillin or ampicillin for seven to 10 days remains the mainstay of empirical therapy for nonsevere pneumonia .If improvement does not occur, consideration should be given to searching for complications (empyema or lung abscess). Routine chest radiographs at the end of therapy are not recommend







Flashcard 1477281189132

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Question
How long should you prescribe amoxicillin/ampicillin as an empirical therapy for pneumonia in children?
Answer
seven to 10 days

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Because Streptococcus pneumoniae continues to be the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in children, prescribing amoxicillin or ampicillin for seven to 10 days remains the mainstay of empirical therapy for nonsevere pneumonia

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Uncomplicated Pneumonia
gnosis of bacterial pneumonia should be supported by a chest radiograph before starting antimicrobials. Factors such as age, vital signs and other measures of illness severity are critical when deciding whether to admit a patient to hospital. <span>Because Streptococcus pneumoniae continues to be the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in children, prescribing amoxicillin or ampicillin for seven to 10 days remains the mainstay of empirical therapy for nonsevere pneumonia .If improvement does not occur, consideration should be given to searching for complications (empyema or lung abscess). Routine chest radiographs at the end of therapy are not recommend







Flashcard 1477283548428

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Question
2 month immunization
Answer
DTaP-IPV-Hib, Pneu-C-13 , Rot-1

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Flashcard 1477285645580

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4 month immunizations
Answer
DTaP-IPV-Hib, Pneu-C-13 , Rot-1

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Flashcard 1477287480588

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6 mo immunizations
Answer
DTaP-IPV-Hib

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Flashcard 1477289315596

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12 mo immunizations
Answer
Pneu-C-13, Men-C-C, MMR

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Flashcard 1477291150604

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15 mo immunizations
Answer
Var

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Flashcard 1477292985612

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18 mo immunizations
Answer
DTaP-IPV-Hib

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Flashcard 1477294820620

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4-6 yo immunizations
Answer
MMRV, Tdap-IPV

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Flashcard 1477296655628

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Gr 7 immunizations
Answer
HB, Men-C-ACYW, HPV-4

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14-16yo immunizations
Answer
Tdap

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Flashcard 1477300325644

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Question
24-26yo immunizations
Answer
Tdap

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Flashcard 1477302160652

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Question
34+ yo immunizations
Answer
Td (booster) - q10y

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Flashcard 1477303995660

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Question
65yo immunizations
Answer
HZ, Pneu-P-23

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Children 6mo to 8y age with no previous dose of influenza vaccine requires 2 doses 4+ weeks apart, then 1 dose per season thereafter.
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Flashcard 1477308976396

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Children [...] to 8y age with no previous dose of influenza vaccine requires 2 doses 4+ weeks apart, then 1 dose per season thereafter.
Answer
6mo

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Children 6mo to 8y age with no previous dose of influenza vaccine requires 2 doses 4+ weeks apart, then 1 dose per season thereafter.







Flashcard 1477310549260

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Children 6mo to [...] age with no previous dose of influenza vaccine requires 2 doses 4+ weeks apart, then 1 dose per season thereafter.
Answer
8y

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Children 6mo to 8y age with no previous dose of influenza vaccine requires 2 doses 4+ weeks apart, then 1 dose per season thereafter.







Flashcard 1477312122124

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Children 6mo to 8y age with no previous dose of influenza vaccine requires [...] doses 4+ weeks apart, then 1 dose per season thereafter.
Answer
2

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Children 6mo to 8y age with no previous dose of influenza vaccine requires 2 doses 4+ weeks apart, then 1 dose per season thereafter.







Flashcard 1477313694988

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Children 6mo to 8y age with no previous dose of influenza vaccine requires 2 doses [...] weeks apart, then 1 dose per season thereafter.
Answer
4+

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Children 6mo to 8y age with no previous dose of influenza vaccine requires 2 doses 4+ weeks apart, then 1 dose per season thereafter.







Flashcard 1477319462156

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Question
When designing features or algorithms for learning features, our goal is usually to separate the factors of v ariation that explain the observ ed data. In this con text, we use the w ord “factors” simply to refer to [...]
Answer
separate sources of influence

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d><head>When designing features or algorithms for learning features, our goal is usually to separate the factors of v ariation that explain the observ ed data. In this con text, we use the w ord “factors” simply to refer to separate sources of influence<html>

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Flashcard 1477322607884

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Question
How does deep learning solve the problem generating an appropriate representation in representation learning?
Answer
By intro- ducing representations that are expressed in terms of other, simpler representations.

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Deep learning solv es this cen tral problem in representation learning by intro- ducing representations that are expressed in terms of other, simpler representations.

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Flashcard 1477324180748

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The quin tessen tial example of a deep learning model is the [...].
Answer
feedforward deep net work or multilayer perceptron (MLP)

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The quin tessen tial example of a deep learning mo del is the feedforw ard deep net w ork or m ultila y er p erceptron (MLP). A multila y er p erceptron is just a mathematical function mapping some set of input v alues to output v alues. The function is formed b y comp osing many simpler functions. W e can th

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Flashcard 1477326802188

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Question
The quin tessen tial example of a deep learning mo del is the feedforw ard deep net w ork or m ultila y er p erceptron (MLP). A multila y er p erceptron is just a [...]. The function is formed b y comp osing many simpler functions. W e can think of eac h application of a differen t mathematical function as providing a new representation of the input.
Answer
mathematical function mapping some set of input v alues to output v alues

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The quin tessen tial example of a deep learning mo del is the feedforw ard deep net w ork or m ultila y er p erceptron (MLP). A multila y er p erceptron is just a mathematical function mapping some set of input v alues to output v alues. The function is formed b y comp osing many simpler functions. W e can think of eac h application of a differen t mathematical function as providing a new representation of the input.</s

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Flashcard 1477328375052

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Question
The quin tessen tial example of a deep learning mo del is the feedforw ard deep net w ork or m ultila y er p erceptron (MLP). A multila y er p erceptron is just a mathematical function mapping some set of input v alues to output v alues. The function is formed b y [doing what to what?] W e can think of eac h application of a differen t mathematical function as providing a new representation of the input.
Answer
comp osing many simpler functions.

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xample of a deep learning mo del is the feedforw ard deep net w ork or m ultila y er p erceptron (MLP). A multila y er p erceptron is just a mathematical function mapping some set of input v alues to output v alues. The function is formed b y <span>comp osing many simpler functions. W e can think of eac h application of a differen t mathematical function as providing a new representation of the input.<span><body><html>

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Flashcard 1477329947916

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Question
The quin tessen tial example of a deep learning mo del is the feedforw ard deep net w ork or m ultila y er p erceptron (MLP). A multila y er p erceptron is just a mathematical function mapping some set of input v alues to output v alues. The function is formed b y comp osing many simpler functions. W e can think of eac h application of a differen t mathematical function as [...]
Answer
providing a new representation of the input.

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ila y er p erceptron is just a mathematical function mapping some set of input v alues to output v alues. The function is formed b y comp osing many simpler functions. W e can think of eac h application of a differen t mathematical function as <span>providing a new representation of the input.<span><body><html>

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Flashcard 1477333355788

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Question
The idea of learning the right represen tation for the data provides one p ersp ec- tiv e on deep learning. Another p ersp ective on deep learning is that [...]. Eac h lay er of the represen tation can b e thought of as the state of the computer’s memory after executing another set of instructions in parallel. Netw orks with greater depth can execute more instructions in sequence.
Answer
depth allows the computer to learn a m ulti-step computer program

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The idea of learning the right represen tation for the data provides one p ersp ec- tiv e on deep learning. Another p ersp ective on deep learning is that depth allows the computer to learn a m ulti-step computer program. Eac h lay er of the represen tation can b e thought of as the state of the computer’s memory after executing another set of instructions in parallel. Netw orks with greater depth can e

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Flashcard 1477334928652

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Question
The idea of learning the right represen tation for the data provides one p ersp ec- tiv e on deep learning. Another p ersp ective on deep learning is that depth allows the computer to learn a m ulti-step computer program. Eac h lay er of the represen tation can b e thought of as the [...]. Netw orks with greater depth can execute more instructions in sequence.
Answer
state of the computer’s memory after executing another set of instructions in parallel

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ation for the data provides one p ersp ec- tiv e on deep learning. Another p ersp ective on deep learning is that depth allows the computer to learn a m ulti-step computer program. Eac h lay er of the represen tation can b e thought of as the <span>state of the computer’s memory after executing another set of instructions in parallel. Netw orks with greater depth can execute more instructions in sequence.<span><body><html>

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Flashcard 1477343579404

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Question
[...] is the length of the longest path from input to output but dep ends on the definition of what constitutes a p ossible computational step
Answer
Depth

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Depth is the length of the longest path from input to output but dep ends on the definition of what constitutes a p ossible computational step

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Flashcard 1477346725132

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Another approac h, used b y deep probabilistic mo dels, regards the depth of a mo del as b eing not the depth of the computational graph but the depth of the graph describing how [...]
Answer
concepts are related to each other.

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Another approac h, used b y deep probabilistic mo dels, regards the depth of a mo del as b eing not the depth of the computational graph but the depth of the graph describing how concepts are related to each other.

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Flashcard 1477349870860

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Question
How ev er, deep learning can safely b e regarded as the study of mo dels that either involv e a greater amount of [...or...] than traditional mac hine learning do es
Answer
comp osition of learned functions or learned concepts

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How ev er, deep learning can safely b e regarded as the study of mo dels that either inv olv e a greater amount of comp osition of learned functions or learned concepts than traditional mac hine learning do es

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Flashcard 1477351443724

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Question
deep learning dates bac k [...]
Answer
to the 1940s

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deep learning dates bac k to the 1940s

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Flashcard 1477353016588

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Broadly sp eaking, there ha v e b een three wa ves of dev elopmen t of deep learning: deep learning kno wn as [...] deep learning kno wn as connectionism in the 1980s–1990s, and the curren t resurgence under the name deep learning b eginning in 2006.
Answer
cyb ernetics in the 1940s–1960s,

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Broadly sp eaking, there ha v e b een three wa ves of dev elopmen t of deep learning: deep learning kno wn as cyb ernetics in the 1940s–1960s, deep learning kno wn as connectionism in the 1980s–1990s, and the curren t resurgence under the name deep learning b eginning in 2006.

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Flashcard 1477354589452

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Broadly sp eaking, there ha v e b een three wa ves of dev elopmen t of deep learning: deep learning kno wn as cyb ernetics in the 1940s–1960s, deep learning kno wn as [...], and the curren t resurgence under the name deep learning b eginning in 2006.
Answer
connectionism in the 1980s–1990s

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Broadly sp eaking, there ha v e b een three wa ves of dev elopmen t of deep learning: deep learning kno wn as cyb ernetics in the 1940s–1960s, deep learning kno wn as connectionism in the 1980s–1990s, and the curren t resurgence under the name deep learning b eginning in 2006.

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Flashcard 1477360880908

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What type were the ealierst predecessors of modern deep learning models and what were they designed to do?
Answer
They were linear models designed to tak e a set of n input v alues x 1 , . . . , x n and asso ciate them with an output y

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The earliest predecessors of mo dern deep learning were simple linear mo dels motiv ated from a neuroscientific p ersp ective. These mo dels w ere designed to tak e a set of n input v alues x 1 , . . . , x n and asso ciate them with an output y . These mo dels w ould learn a set of w eigh ts w 1 , . . . , w n and compute their output f ( x w , ) = x 1 w 1 + · · · + x n w n .

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Flashcard 1477365075212

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\(p(c|r) = \frac{p(r, c )}{ p(r)} \) In words, the definition simply says that the probability of c given r is the probability that [...]
Answer
they happen together relative to the probability that r happens at all

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p(c|r)=p(r,c)p(r)p(c|r)=p(r,c)p(r) In words, the definition simply says that the probability of c given r is the probability that they happen together relative to the probability that r happens at all

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Flashcard 1477366123788

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Question
In summary, the key idea is that conditionalizing on a known row value is like [...]
Answer
restricting attention to only the row for which that known value is true, and then normalizing the probabilities in that row by dividing by the row’s total probability.

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In summary, the key idea is that conditionalizing on a known row value is like restricting attention to only the row for which that known value is true, and then normalizing the probabilities in that row by dividing by the row’s total probability.

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A fontanelle is measured as full, fl at, or
depressed
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output. Initial assessment revealed an illappearing, febrile infant. While observing the infant and beginning the physical exam, it is important to place your hand on the infant’s head and assess the fontanelle. <span>A fontanelle is measured as full, fl at, or depressed. Cup your palm on the back of the baby’s head and then move forward. The curve of your palm should touch the fontanelle if it is normal. If the fontanelle doesn’t to

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Tricking Kids into the Perfect Exam: Tips for Evaluating the Pediatric Patient
king for rashes, bruises, hair tourniquets, etc. During the exam, this newborn was observed to have an apneic episode. The patient was admitted for an evaluation that ultimately revealed a diagnosis of pertussis. <span>Infant Case 2: A 5-month-old male presented with fever and fussiness. The patient was seen fi ve days earlier with fever and URI, diagnosed with otitis media and discharged home with amoxicillin. Prior to arrival, the patient had multiple episodes of vomiting and decreased urine output. Initial assessment revealed an illappearing, febrile infant. While observing the infant and beginning the physical exam, it is important to place your hand on the infant’s head and assess the fontanelle. A fontanelle is measured as full, fl at, or depressed. Cup your palm on the back of Rose House, MD EM/Pediatrics Resident Indiana University Indianapolis, IN “In general, when evaluating any child, observation is the best initial diagnostic tool.” 34 EMResident the baby’s head and then move forward. The curve of your palm should touch the fontanelle if it is normal. If the fontanelle doesn’t touch, it is depressed; if it pushes your hand up, it is full. In young infants, a bulging fontanelle may be seen with meningitis, but meningismus is rare before one year of age. Another possible exam fi nding in infants with meningitis is a paradoxical response to consoling maneuvers like cuddling. When a caregiver “cuddles” an infant, the meninges are stretched and irritated making the infant more fussy. By contrast, the same infant will calm when laid fl at. This infant’s fontanelle was full and tense. Throughout the exam, the patient was irritable and diffi cult to console. The infant was appropriately resuscitated and underwent a full septic work-up, revealing pneumococcal meningitis. Toddler Case 3: An 18-month-old male presents with complaint of seizure witnessed at home 20 minutes prior to arrival. Many pediatric patients will present to&#




#ir #peds
In young infants, a bulging fontanelle may
be seen with meningitis, but meningismus
is rare before one year of age.
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m on the back of the baby’s head and then move forward. The curve of your palm should touch the fontanelle if it is normal. If the fontanelle doesn’t touch, it is depressed; if it pushes your hand up, it is full. <span>In young infants, a bulging fontanelle may be seen with meningitis, but meningismus is rare before one year of age. Another possible exam fi nding in infants with meningitis is a paradoxical response to consoling maneuvers like cuddling. When a caregiver “cuddles” an infant,

Original toplevel document

Tricking Kids into the Perfect Exam: Tips for Evaluating the Pediatric Patient
king for rashes, bruises, hair tourniquets, etc. During the exam, this newborn was observed to have an apneic episode. The patient was admitted for an evaluation that ultimately revealed a diagnosis of pertussis. <span>Infant Case 2: A 5-month-old male presented with fever and fussiness. The patient was seen fi ve days earlier with fever and URI, diagnosed with otitis media and discharged home with amoxicillin. Prior to arrival, the patient had multiple episodes of vomiting and decreased urine output. Initial assessment revealed an illappearing, febrile infant. While observing the infant and beginning the physical exam, it is important to place your hand on the infant’s head and assess the fontanelle. A fontanelle is measured as full, fl at, or depressed. Cup your palm on the back of Rose House, MD EM/Pediatrics Resident Indiana University Indianapolis, IN “In general, when evaluating any child, observation is the best initial diagnostic tool.” 34 EMResident the baby’s head and then move forward. The curve of your palm should touch the fontanelle if it is normal. If the fontanelle doesn’t touch, it is depressed; if it pushes your hand up, it is full. In young infants, a bulging fontanelle may be seen with meningitis, but meningismus is rare before one year of age. Another possible exam fi nding in infants with meningitis is a paradoxical response to consoling maneuvers like cuddling. When a caregiver “cuddles” an infant, the meninges are stretched and irritated making the infant more fussy. By contrast, the same infant will calm when laid fl at. This infant’s fontanelle was full and tense. Throughout the exam, the patient was irritable and diffi cult to console. The infant was appropriately resuscitated and underwent a full septic work-up, revealing pneumococcal meningitis. Toddler Case 3: An 18-month-old male presents with complaint of seizure witnessed at home 20 minutes prior to arrival. Many pediatric patients will present to&#




Flashcard 1477389454604

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Question
Penicillins cover most [...] , [...] , and [...]
Answer
Streptococcus (GP), N Meningitidis (GN), Oral anaerobes

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Flashcard 1477391289612

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#peds
Question
What are 3 classes of penicillins?
Answer
[CAP]
Cloxacillin
Ampicillin (IV)/Amoxicillin (PO)
Piperacillin

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Flashcard 1477393648908

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Question
What is MSSA?
Answer
methicillin-sensitive S. aureus

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Flashcard 1477395483916

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#peds
Question
Ampicillin (IV)/Amoxicillin (PO) also covers [...] ​and [...] .
Answer
Enterococcus
HiPLESS (H influenza, Proteus, Listeria, E coli, Salmonella,Shigella)

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Flashcard 1477397318924

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Question
Ampicillin (IV)/Amoxicillin (PO) does not cover [...] ​/ [...]
Answer
MSSA/MRSA

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Flashcard 1477399416076

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Question
A common combination of Amoxicillin is [...]
Answer
amoxicillin-clavulanate

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Flashcard 1477403086092

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Question
Piperacillin also covers [...], HiPLESS (H influ, proteus, listeria, e coli, salmonella, shigella), pseudomonas, and enterobacter.
Answer
enterococcus

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Piperacillin also covers enterococcus, HiPLESS (H influ, proteus, listeria, e coli, salmonella, shigella), pseudomonas, and enterobacter.







Flashcard 1477404658956

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Question
Piperacillin also covers enterococcus, [...], pseudomonas, and enterobacter.
Answer
HiPLESS (H influ, proteus, listeria, e coli, salmonella, shigella)

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Piperacillin also covers enterococcus, HiPLESS (H influ, proteus, listeria, e coli, salmonella, shigella), pseudomonas, and enterobacter.







Flashcard 1477406231820

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Question
Piperacillin also covers enterococcus, HiPLESS (H influ, proteus, listeria, e coli, salmonella, shigella), [...], and enterobacter.
Answer
pseudomonas

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Piperacillin also covers enterococcus, HiPLESS (H influ, proteus, listeria, e coli, salmonella, shigella), pseudomonas, and enterobacter.







Flashcard 1477407804684

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Question
Piperacillin also covers enterococcus, HiPLESS (H influ, proteus, listeria, e coli, salmonella, shigella), pseudomonas, and [...].
Answer
enterobacter

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Piperacillin also covers enterococcus, HiPLESS (H influ, proteus, listeria, e coli, salmonella, shigella), pseudomonas, and enterobacter.







Flashcard 1477409377548

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Question
A common combination of piperacillin is [...]
Answer
piperacillin-tazobactam

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Flashcard 1477412523276

Question
1st gen cephalosporins are [...] and cefazolin (IV).
Answer
cephalexin (PO)

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1st gen cephalosporins are cephalexin (PO) and cefazolin (IV).







Flashcard 1477414096140

Question
1st gen cephalosporins are cephalexin (PO) and [...].
Answer
cefazolin (IV)

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1st gen cephalosporins are cephalexin (PO) and cefazolin (IV).







Flashcard 1477416979724

Question
2nd gen cephalosporins are [...] and cefprozil (IV).
Answer
cefuroxime (PO)

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2nd gen cephalosporins are cefuroxime (PO) and cefprozil (IV).







Flashcard 1477418552588

Question
2nd gen cephalosporins are cefuroxime (PO) and [...].
Answer
cefprozil (IV)

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2nd gen cephalosporins are cefuroxime (PO) and cefprozil (IV).







Flashcard 1477421436172

Question
3rd gen cephalosporins are [...], ceftriaxone (IV), cefixime (PO).
Answer
cefotaxime (IV)

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3rd gen cephalosporins are cefotaxime (IV), ceftriaxone (IV), cefixime (PO).







Flashcard 1477423009036

Question
3rd gen cephalosporins are cefotaxime (IV), [...], cefixime (PO).
Answer
ceftriaxone (IV)

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3rd gen cephalosporins are cefotaxime (IV), ceftriaxone (IV), cefixime (PO).







Flashcard 1477424581900

Question
3rd gen cephalosporins are cefotaxime (IV), ceftriaxone (IV), [...].
Answer
cefixime (PO)

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3rd gen cephalosporins are cefotaxime (IV), ceftriaxone (IV), cefixime (PO).







Flashcard 1477426679052

Question
A 4th gen cephalosporin is [...]
Answer
cefepime (IV)

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Flashcard 1477428514060

Question
1st gen cephalosporins are good against mostly [...] ​ and some [...]
Answer
mostly GP
some GN

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Flashcard 1477430349068

Question
2nd gen cephalosporins are good against some [...] , some [...] , and some have [...] coverage
Answer
some GP, some GN, some anaerobic

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Flashcard 1477432184076

Question
3rd gen cephalosporins are good against some [...] and good against [...] .
Answer
some GP, good vs GN

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Flashcard 1477434019084

Question
4th gen cephalosporins are good vs [...] ​ and most [...] ​ and [...]
Answer
good vs GP, most GN, pseudomonas

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Flashcard 1477435854092

Question
fluoroquinolones have good [...] ​ coverage but there are [...] ​ issues
Answer
GN coverage, resistance issues

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