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Flashcard 1425681026316

Tags

#cfa-level #economics #microeconomics #reading-13-demand-and-supply-analysis-introduction #study-session-4

Question

labor markets is when [...] sell their labor [...]

Answer

households sell their labor services to firms if payment exceeds the value of the leisure time they must give up.

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In one type of factor market, called labor markets , households offer to sell their labor services when the payment they expect to receive exceeds the value of the leisure time they must forgo. In contrast, firms hire workers when they

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2. TYPES OF MARKETS
fact may seem obvious, but it is fundamental to our understanding of markets. If a buyer values something more than a seller, not only is there an opportunity for an exchange, but that exchange will make both parties better off. In one type of factor market, called labor markets , households offer to sell their labor services when the payment they expect to receive exceeds the value of the leisure time they must forgo. In contrast, firms hire workers when they judge that the value of the productivity of workers is greater than the cost of employing them. A major source of household income and a major cost to firms is compensation paid in exchange for labor services. Additionally, households typically choose to spend less on consumption than they earn from their labor. This behavior is called saving , through which households can accum

Flashcard 1432689446156

Tags

#italian #italian-grammar

Question

All Italian nouns have either a masculine or a feminine [...]

Answer

gender

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All Italian nouns have either a masculine or a feminine gender

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Flashcard 1435603963148

Tags

#2-1-types-of-profit-measures #cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #microeconomics #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm #section-2-objectives-of-the-firm #study-session-4

Question

Accounting profit = [...] – Total accounting costs

Answer

Total revenue

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Accounting profit = Total revenue – Total accounting costs

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2. OBJECTIVES OF THE FIRM
he firm’s efficiency in producing that level of output when utilizing inputs, and resource prices as established by resource markets. TR is a function of output and product price as determined by the firm’s product market. 2.1. Types of Profit Measures The economics discipline has its own concept of profit, which differs substantially from what accountants consider profit. There are thus two basic types of profit—accounting and economic—and analysts need to be able to interpret each correctly and to understand how they are related to each other. In the theory of the firm, however, profit without further qualification refers to economic profit. 2.1.1. Accounting Profit Accounting profit is generally defined as net income reported on the income statement according to standards established by private and public financial oversight bodies that determine the rules for financial reporting. One widely accepted definition of accounting profit—also known as net profit, net income, or net earnings—states that it equals revenue less all accounting (or explicit) costs . Accounting or explicit costs are payments to non-owner parties for services or resources that they supply to the firm. Often referred to as the “bottom line” (the last income figure in the income statement), accounting profit is what is left after paying all accounting costs—whether the expense is a cash outlay or not. When accounting profit is negative, it is called an accounting loss . Equation 2 summarizes the concept of accounting profit: Equation (2) Accounting profit = Total revenue – Total accounting costs When defining profit as accounting profit, the TC term in Equation 1 becomes total accounting costs, which include only the explicit costs of doing business. Let us consider two businesses: a start-up company and a publicly traded corporation. Suppose that for the start-up, total revenue in the business’s first year is €3,500,000 and total accounting costs are €3,200,000. Accounting profit is €3,500,000 – €3,200,000 = €300,000. The corresponding calculation for the publicly traded corporation, let us suppose, is $50,000,000 – $48,000,000 = $2,000,000. Note that total accounting costs in either case include interest expense—which represents the return required by suppliers of debt capital—because interest expense is an explicit cost. 2.1.2. Economic Profit and Normal Profit Economic profit (also known as abnormal profit or supernormal profit ) may be defined broadly as acc

Flashcard 1450737274124

Tags

#cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #has-images #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm #section-3-analysis-of-revenue-costs-and-profit

Question

Economic profit occurs when [...]

Answer

price is greater than ATC.

Remember RRR is taken as a fixed cost.

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Point D, which corresponds to output Q 3 , is a position where economic profit occurs because price is greater than ATC.

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cost. However, in the long run, to remain in business, the price must cover all costs. Therefore, in the long run, at any price below the breakeven point, the firm will exit the market, i.e., the firm will no longer participate in the market. Point D, which corresponds to output Q 3 , is a position where economic profit occurs because price is greater than ATC. In the case of perfect competition, the breakeven point is the quantity where price, average revenue, and marginal revenue equal average total cost. It is al

Annotation 1453739609356

The amount of capital expenditures a company is likely to have depends on the industry it occupies. Some of the most capital intensive industries have the highest levels of capital expenditures including oil exploration and production, telecom, manufacturing and utilities.

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Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) Definition | Investopedia
the company to spread the cost of the expenditure (the fixed cost) over the useful life of the asset. If, however, the expense is one that maintains the asset at its current condition, the cost is deducted fully in the year of the expense. The amount of capital expenditures a company is likely to have depends on the industry it occupies. Some of the most capital intensive industries have the highest levels of capital expenditures including oil exploration and production, telecom, manufacturing and utilities. Capital expenditure should not be confused with revenue expenditure or operating expenses (OPEX). Revenue expenses are shorter-term expenses required to meet the ongoing operational c

Annotation 1453824544012

#cfa-level-1 #economics #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm #section-3-analysis-of-revenue-costs-and-profit

Aproach:

the revenue value of the output from the last unit of input employed equals the cost of employing that input unit

This method compares the estimated cost of each unit of input to that input’s contribution with projected total revenue.

If the increase in projected total revenue coming from the input unit exceeds its cost, it contributes to total profit.

If the increase in projected total revenue does not cover the input unit’s cost, total profit is diminished.

Profit maximization based on the employment of inputs occurs where the next input unit for each type of resource used no longer makes any contribution to total profit.

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3.1.4. Output Optimization and Maximization of Profit
ore units because each successive unit adds more to total revenue than it does to total costs. If MC is greater than MR, total profit is decreased when additional units are produced. The point of profit maximization occurs where MR equals MC. The third method compares the estimated cost of each unit of input to that input’s contribution with projected total revenue. If the increase in projected total revenue coming from the input unit exceeds its cost, a contribution to total profit is evident. In turn, this justifies further employment of that input. On the other hand, if the increase in projected total revenue does not cover the input unit’s cost, total profit is diminished. Profit maximization based on the employment of inputs occurs where the next input unit for each type of resource used no longer makes any contribution to total profit. <body><html>

Annotation 1457106586892

A list of length n is an ordered collection of n objects (which might be num- bers, other lists, or more abstract entities) separated by commas and surrounded by parentheses

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Flashcard 1457108159756

Question

A list of length n is [...]

Answer

an ordered collection of n objects (which might be num- bers, other lists, or more abstract entities) separated by commas and surrounded by parentheses

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A list of length n is an ordered collection of n objects (which might be num- bers, other lists, or more abstract entities) separated by commas and surrounded by parentheses

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Annotation 1457109732620

We will deﬁne a vector space to be a set V along with an addition and a scalar multiplication on V that satisfy the properties discussed in the previous paragraph. By an addition on V we mean a function that assigns an element u + v ∈ V to each pair of elements u, v ∈ V.

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Flashcard 1457110781196

Question

We will deﬁne a vector space to be a set V along with an addition and a scalar multiplication on V that satisfy the properties discussed in the previous paragraph. By an addition on V we mean [...]

Answer

a function that assigns an element u + v ∈ V to each pair of elements u, v ∈ V.

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We will deﬁne a vector space to be a set V along with an addition and a scalar multiplication on V that satisfy the properties discussed in the previous paragraph. By an addition on V we mean a function that assigns an element u + v ∈ V to each pair of elements u, v ∈ V.

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Annotation 1457112354060

By a scalar multiplication on V we mean a function that assigns an element av ∈ V to each a ∈ F and each v ∈ V.

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Flashcard 1457113402636

Question

By a scalar multiplication on V we mean [...]

Answer

a function that assigns an element av ∈ V to each a ∈ F and each v ∈ V.

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By a scalar multiplication on V we mean a function that assigns an element av ∈ V to each a ∈ F and each v ∈ V.

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Annotation 1457114451212

Now we are ready to give the formal deﬁnition of a vector space. A vector space is a set V along with an addition on V and a scalar multiplication on V such that the following properties hold:

commutativity
u + v = v + u for all u, v ∈ V;

associativity
(u+v)+w = u+(v +w) and (ab)v = a(bv) for all u,v,w ∈ V and all a,b ∈ F;

additive identity
there exists an element 0 ∈ V such that v +0 = v for all v ∈ V;

additive inverse
for every v ∈ V, there exists w ∈ V such that v + w = 0;

multiplicative identity
1v = v for all v ∈ V;

distributive properties
a(u +v) = au +av and (a +b)u = au +bu for all a,b ∈ F and all u,v ∈ V.

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Flashcard 1457116810508

Question

Answer

commutativity
u + v = v + u for all u, v ∈ V;

associativity
(u+v)+w = u+(v +w) and (ab)v = a(bv) for all u,v,w ∈ V and all a,b ∈ F;

additive identity
there exists an element 0 ∈ V such that v +0 = v for all v ∈ V;

additive inverse
for every v ∈ V, there exists w ∈ V such that v + w = 0;

multiplicative identity
1v = v for all v ∈ V;

distributive properties
a(u +v) = au +av and (a +b)u = au +bu for all a,b ∈ F and all u,v ∈ V.

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Now we are ready to give the formal deﬁnition of a vector space. A vector space is a set V along with an addition on V and a scalar multiplication on V such that the following properties hold: commutativity u + v = v + u for all u, v ∈ V; associativity (u+v)+w = u+(v +w) and (ab)v = a(bv) for all u,v,w ∈ V and all a,b ∈ F; additive identity there exists an element 0 ∈ V such that v +0 = v for all v ∈ V; additive inverse for every v ∈ V, there exists w ∈ V such that v + w = 0; multiplicative identity 1v = v for all v ∈ V; distributive properties a(u +v) = au +av and (a +b)u = au +bu for all a,b ∈ F and all u,v ∈ V.

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Annotation 1457119431948

Proposition: A vector space has a unique additive identity.

Proof: Suppose 0 and 0 are both additive identities for some vector space V. Then 0' = 0' +0 = 0. Therefore 0' = 0.

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Flashcard 1457121529100

Question

Proposition: A vector space has a unique additive identity.

[...]

Answer

Proof: Suppose 0 and 0 are both additive identities for some vector space V. Then 0' = 0' +0 = 0. Therefore 0' = 0.

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Proposition: A vector space has a unique additive identity. Proof: Suppose 0 and 0 are both additive identities for some vector space V. Then 0' = 0' +0 = 0. Therefore 0' = 0.

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Annotation 1457122839820

Proposition: Every element in a vector space has a unique additive inverse. Proof: Suppose V is a vector space. Let v ∈ V. Suppose that w and w' are additive inverses of v. Then w' = w' + 0 = w' +(v + w) = (w'+v)+w = 0 + w = w. Thus w = w', as desired.

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Flashcard 1457125199116

Question

Proposition: Every element in a vector space has a unique additive inverse. Proof: [...]

Answer

Suppose V is a vector space. Let v ∈ V. Suppose that w and w' are additive inverses of v. Then w' = w' + 0 = w' +(v + w) = (w'+v)+w = 0 + w = w. Thus w = w', as desired.

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Proposition: Every element in a vector space has a unique additive inverse. Proof: Suppose V is a vector space. Let v ∈ V. Suppose that w and w' are additive inverses of v. Then w' = w' + 0 = w' +(v + w) = (w'+v)+w = 0 + w = w. Thus w = w', as desired.

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Flashcard 1457126771980

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

The summary function [...]

Answer

detects the type, or “class,” of the argument provided to it, and returns a summary appropriate for that class of object.

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The summary function detects the type, or “class,” of the argument provided to it, and returns a summary appropriate for that class of object.

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Flashcard 1457128344844

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

The aggregate function is very useful for [...]

Answer

summarizing data according to factor characteristics.

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The aggregate function is very useful for summarizing data according to factor characteristics.

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Flashcard 1457129917708

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

How do you write a function in R?

Answer

In general, a function in R in defined by code of the form: functionName = function( arguments ) { commands }

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In general, a function in R in defined by code of the form: functionName = function( arguments ) { commands } The commands inside the curly braces can extend over many lines of code.

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Flashcard 1457132277004

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

You invoke the function by commanding R thus: [...]

Answer

functionName( arguments=argumentValues )

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You invoke the function by commanding R thus: functionName( arguments=argumentValues )

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Flashcard 1457133849868

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

Where do the curly braces go in a conditional statement (if, else)?

Answer

In particular, the line containing “else” begins with a closing curly brace, which tells R that the “else” clause is continuing the preceding “if.” A line that begins with “else” causes an error

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Notice the arrangement of curly braces across lines in the if-else structure above. In particular, the line containing “else” begins with a closing curly brace, which tells R that the “else” clause is continuing the preceding “if.” A line that begins with “else” causes an error

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Flashcard 1457136209164

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

A simple way to measure processing time is with the [...] function, which returns the current computer-system time.

Answer

proc.time

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A simple way to measure processing time is with the proc.time function, which returns the current computer-system time. To measure the duration of a process, use proc.time at the beginning and end of the process, and compute the difference between

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Flashcard 1457138568460

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

A simple way to measure processing time is with the proc.time function, which returns the current computer-system time. To measure the duration of a process, [...]

Answer

use proc.time at the beginning and end of the process, and compute the difference between the times

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Flashcard 1457140141324

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

Which is faster? Loops or vectorized operations?

Answer

In general, for loops are slow relative to vectorized operations

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In general, for loops are slow relative to vectorized operations

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Flashcard 1457142500620

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

What is a sample space?

Answer

a set of possible outcomes in mind. This set exhausts all possible outcomes, and the outcomes are all mutually exclusive.

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Whenever we ask about how likely an outcome is, we always ask with a set of possible outcomes in mind. This set exhausts all possible outcomes, and the outcomes are all mutually exclusive. This set is called the sample space

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Flashcard 1457144859916

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

What is the technical term for heads in a coin?

Answer

“obverse.”

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Many coins minted by governments have the picture of an important person’s head on one side. This side is called “heads” or, technically, the “obverse.”

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Flashcard 1457147219212

Tags

#matlab #programming

Question

A more general form of for is [...] where v is any vector. The index moves through each element of the vector in turn, providing a neat way of processing each item in a list.

Answer

for index = v

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A more general form of for is for index = v where v is any vector. The index moves through each element of the vector in turn, providing a neat way of processing each item in a list.

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Flashcard 1457148792076

Tags

#matlab #programming

Question

The MATLAB function [...] returns a six-element vector with the current date and time in the format year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds. Thus, t0 records when the calculation starts.

Answer

clock

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The MATLAB function clock returns a six-element vector with the current date and time in the format year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds. Thus, t0 records when the calculation starts.</ht

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Flashcard 1457150364940

Tags

#matlab #programming

Question

The MATLAB function clock returns a [...] Thus, t0 records when the calculation starts.

Answer

six-element vector with the current date and time in the format year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds.

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The MATLAB function clock returns a six-element vector with the current date and time in the format year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds. Thus, t0 records when the calculation starts.

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Flashcard 1457151937804

Tags

#matlab #programming

Question

The function [...] returns the time in seconds elapsed between its two ar- guments, which must be vectors as returned by clock.

Answer

etime

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The function etime returns the time in seconds elapsed between its two ar- guments, which must be vectors as returned by clock.

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Flashcard 1457153510668

Tags

#matlab #programming

Question

The function etime returns the [...], which must be vectors as returned by clock.

Answer

time in seconds elapsed between its two ar- guments

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The function etime returns the time in seconds elapsed between its two ar- guments, which must be vectors as returned by clock.

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Flashcard 1457155083532

Tags

#matlab #programming

Question

The function etime returns the time in seconds elapsed between its two ar- guments, which must be [...]

Answer

vectors as returned by clock.

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The function etime returns the time in seconds elapsed between its two ar- guments, which must be vectors as returned by clock.

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Annotation 1457156656396

#matlab #programming

A complex number may be represented in polar coordinates: z =re^iθ

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A complex number may be represented in polar coordinates: z =re iθ angle(z) returns θ between −π and π ; that is, atan2(imag(z), real(z)). abs(z) returns the magnitude r

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Flashcard 1457159015692

Tags

#matlab #programming

Question

A complex number may be represented in polar coordinates: z =re iθ angle(z) returns [...]. abs(z) returns the magnitude r

Answer

θ between −π and π ; that is, atan2(imag(z), real(z))

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A complex number may be represented in polar coordinates: z =re iθ angle(z) returns θ between −π and π ; that is, atan2(imag(z), real(z)). abs(z) returns the magnitude r

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Flashcard 1457160588556

Tags

#matlab #programming

Question

A complex number may be represented in polar coordinates: z =re^iθ angle(z) returns θ between −π and π ; that is, atan2(imag(z), real(z)). abs(z) returns the [...]

Answer

magnitude r

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A complex number may be represented in polar coordinates: z =re iθ angle(z) returns θ between −π and π ; that is, atan2(imag(z), real(z)). abs(z) returns the magnitude r

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Flashcard 1457162161420

Tags

#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

A vector is [...]

Answer

the mathematical representation of a physical entity that may be characterized by size (or “magnitude”) and direction

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A vector is the mathematical representation of a physical entity that may be characterized by size (or “magnitude”) and direction

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#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

In other words, if you were to move the vector shown in Figure 1.1(a) to a different location without varying its length or its pointing direction, would it still be the same vector? In some applications, the answer is “yes,” and those vectors are called [...]

Answer

free vectors.

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ds, if you were to move the vector shown in Figure 1.1(a) to a different location without varying its length or its pointing direction, would it still be the same vector? In some applications, the answer is “yes,” and those vectors are called free vectors.<body><html>

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Flashcard 1457165307148

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#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

You can move a free vector anywhere you’d like as long as you don’t change its length or direction, and it remains the same vector. But in many physics and engineering problems, you’ll be dealing with vectors that apply at a given location; such vectors are called [...]

Answer

“bound” or “anchored” vectors,

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ctor anywhere you’d like as long as you don’t change its length or direction, and it remains the same vector. But in many physics and engineering problems, you’ll be dealing with vectors that apply at a given location; such vectors are called “bound” or “anchored” vectors,<body><html>

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Flashcard 1457168452876

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#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

You may see the term “sliding” vectors used for vectors that are free to move along their length but are not free to change length or direction; such vectors are useful for problems involving [...]

Answer

torque and angular motion

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You may see the term “sliding” vectors used for vectors that are free to move along their length but are not free to change length or direction; such vectors are useful for problems involving torque and angular motion

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Flashcard 1457170025740

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#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

A scalar is the [...]

Answer

mathematical representation of a physical entity that may be characterized by magnitude only

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A scalar is the mathematical representation of a physical entity that may be characterized by magnitude only

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#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

you might suspect that there are other entities involving magnitude and directions that are more complex than vectors (that is, requiring more numbers than the number of spatial dimensions). Indeed there are, and such entities are called [...]

Answer

“tensors.”

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span>you might suspect that there are other entities involving magnitude and directions that are more complex than vectors (that is, requiring more numbers than the number of spatial dimensions). Indeed there are, and such entities are called “tensors.”<body><html>

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Flashcard 1457173171468

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#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

A tensor is the [...]

Answer

mathematical representation of a physical entity that may be characterized by magnitude and multiple directions

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A tensor is the mathematical representation of a physical entity that may be characterized by magnitude and multiple directions

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Flashcard 1457174744332

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#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

Recognizing scalars, vectors, and tensors is easy once you realize that a scalar can be represented by a [...], a vector by an ordered set of numbers, and a tensor by an array of numbers.

Answer

single number

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Recognizing scalars, vectors, and tensors is easy once you realize that a scalar can be represented by a single number, a vector by an ordered set of numbers, and a tensor by an array of numbers.

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Flashcard 1457176317196

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#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

Recognizing scalars, vectors, and tensors is easy once you realize that a scalar can be represented by a single number, a vector by [...], and a tensor by an array of numbers.

Answer

an ordered set of numbers

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Flashcard 1457177890060

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#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

Recognizing scalars, vectors, and tensors is easy once you realize that a scalar can be represented by a single number, a vector by an ordered set of numbers, and a tensor by [...].

Answer

an array of numbers

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Flashcard 1457179462924

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#biochem

Question

Why do the bases in DNA and RNA stack (2 reasons)

Answer

to optimize the van der Waals and electrostatic interactions between them, as well as to form mutually stabilizing hydrogen bonds where possible.

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Th e bases, in turn, need to stack to optimize the van der Waals and electrostatic interactions between them, as well as to form mutually stabilizing hydrogen bonds where possible.

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Flashcard 1457181822220

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#biochem

Question

What is the difference between the major and minor grooves in A and B-form DNA?

Answer

the major groove in the A-form is deeper and narrower than it is in B-form DNA, while the minor groove is wider and shallower

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the major groove in the A-form is deeper and narrower than it is in B-form DNA, while the minor groove is wider and shallower

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#biochem

Question

Why is it more difficult for proteins to interact with A-form DNA compared to B-form?

Answer

Th e narrowing and deepening of the major groove in A-form helices means that it is more diffi cult for proteins to read out the sequence-specifi c information at the edges of the bases in A-form helices (that is, α helices cannot readily enter the narrower major groove of the A-form helix).

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Th e narrowing and deepening of the major groove in A-form helices means that it is more diffi cult for proteins to read out the sequence-specifi c information at the edges of the bases in A-form helices (that is, α helices cannot readily enter the narrower major groove of the A-form helix).

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Flashcard 1457186540812

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

An array is a [...]

Answer

generalization of a matrix to multiple dimensions

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An array is a generalization of a matrix to multiple dimensions

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Flashcard 1457188113676

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

n the array function, the first argument specifies the [...], the second argument specifies the size of each dimension, and an optional third argument specifies the names of the dimensions and levels within dimensions

Answer

ordered contents

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n the array function, the first argument specifies the ordered contents, the second argument specifies the size of each dimension, and an optional third argument specifies the names of the dimensions and levels within dimensions

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Flashcard 1457189686540

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

n the array function, the first argument specifies the ordered contents, the second argument specifies the [...], and an optional third argument specifies the names of the dimensions and levels within dimensions

Answer

size of each dimension

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Flashcard 1457191259404

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

n the array function, the first argument specifies the ordered contents, the second argument specifies the size of each dimension, and an optional third argument specifies the [...]

Answer

names of the dimensions and levels within dimensions

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Flashcard 1457192832268

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#biochem

Question

Why do they call it "Z" DNA?

Answer

The alternation of sugar pucker gives the helix backbone a zigzag appearance

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Th e alternation of sugar pucker gives the helix backbone a zigzag appearance, which gives Z-form DNA its name. Because RNA cannot adopt a C2 ʹ endo sugar pucker, this confor- mation is restricted to DNA.

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Flashcard 1457195191564

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#biochem

Question

Is there Z-RNA? Why or why not?

Answer

No, because RNA cannot adopt a C2 ʹ endo sugar pucker

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Flashcard 1457197550860

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#biochem

Question

The persistence length of DNA corresponds to the [...]

Answer

maximum length of a segment of DNA that behaves as a rather rigid rod.

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The persistence length of DNA corresponds to the maximum length of a segment of DNA that behaves as a rather rigid rod.

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Flashcard 1457199123724

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

What does the first and second indices refer to (wrt row and column)

Answer

the indices are ordered such that the first index refers to the row and the second index refers to the column

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As you may have inferred by now, the indices are ordered such that the first index refers to the row and the second index refers to the column

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Flashcard 1457201483020

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

The elements of the data frame can be accessed as for a list, by [...or...]

Answer

using names or single brackets or double brackets

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The elements of the data frame can be accessed as for a list, by using names or single brackets or double brackets

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Flashcard 1457205415180

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

if we construct a vector consisting of numerical values, summary provides the [...], as shown by this example

Answer

minimum value in the vector, median value, etc.

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if we construct a vector consisting of numerical values, summary provides the minimum value in the vector, median value, etc., as shown by this example

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Flashcard 1457206988044

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

However, if we convert the vector to a factor, then the summary function provides a [...]

Answer

table with the frequency of each level

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However, if we convert the vector to a factor, then the summary function provides a table with the frequency of each level

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Flashcard 1457208560908

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

Thehead function returns [...]. The str function returns a compact display of the structure of its argument.

Answer

the first few components of the variable put in its argument

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Thehead function returns the first few components of the variable put in its argument. The str function returns a compact display of the structure of its argument.

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Flashcard 1457210133772

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

Thehead function returns the first few components of the variable put in its argument. The str function returns a [...]

Answer

compact display of the structure of its argument.

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Thehead function returns the first few components of the variable put in its argument. The str function returns a compact display of the structure of its argument.

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Flashcard 1457211706636

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

In R’s basic command window, set the working directory by selecting menu items [...]. In RStudio, set the working directory by selecting menu items Session → Set Working Directory.

Answer

File → Change dir

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In R’s basic command window, set the working directory by selecting menu items File → Change dir. In RStudio, set the working directory by selecting menu items Session → Set Working Directory.

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Flashcard 1457213279500

Tags

#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

In R’s basic command window, set the working directory by selecting menu items File → Change dir. In RStudio, set the working directory by selecting menu items [...].

Answer

Session → Set Working Directory

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Flashcard 1457216687372

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#matlab #programming

Question

If you want values displayed in scientific notation (floating-point form) whatever their size, enter the command [...]

Answer

format short e

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If you want values displayed in scientific notation (floating-point form) whatever their size, enter the command format short e

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Flashcard 1457218260236

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#matlab #programming

Question

Use [...] for financial calculations; you get fixed point with two dec- imal digits (for cents)

Answer

format bank

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Use format bank for financial calculations; you get fixed point with two dec- imal digits (for cents)

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Flashcard 1457219833100

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#matlab #programming

Question

Use [...] to get hexadecimal display.

Answer

format hex

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Use format hex to get hexadecimal display.

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Flashcard 1457221405964

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#matlab #programming

Question

The MATLAB function [...] generates a random number in the range 0–1

Answer

rand

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The MATLAB function rand generates a random number in the range 0–1

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#matlab #programming

Question

What is the equivalent of python's elif?

Answer

elseif

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In general, the elseif clause is used: if condition1 statementsA elseif condition2 statementsB

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Flashcard 1457225338124

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#matlab #programming

Question

[...] executes certain statements based on the value of a variable or expres- sion.

Answer

switch

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switch executes certain statements based on the value of a variable or expres- sion.

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Flashcard 1457226910988

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#matlab #programming

Question

The symbol [...] may be used to assign complex values, for example, z=2+3*

Answer

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The symbol i may be used to assign complex values, for example, z=2+3*

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Flashcard 1457228483852

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#electromagnetism #physics

Question

If the vector field is uniform but is not perpendicular to the surface, as in Figure 1.6(b), the flux may be determined simply by [...]

Answer

finding the component of ~ A perpendicular to the surface and then multiplying that value by the surface area

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If the vector field is uniform but is not perpendicular to the surface, as in Figure 1.6(b), the flux may be determined simply by finding the component of ~ A perpendicular to the surface and then multiplying that value by the surface area

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Flashcard 1457234775308

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#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

What is a collection of bound vectors called?

Answer

A collection of such vectors is called a vector field

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d vector at each point of interest, and each of those vectors would show the speed and direction of the wind at that location (most people draw the vector with its tail – the end without the arrow – at the point to which the vector is bound). A collection of such vectors is called a vector field<body><html>

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Annotation 1457237134604

#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

In this representation, the values that represent the vector are called the “components” of the vector

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In this representation, the values that represent the vector are called the “components” of the vector, and the number of components it takes to define a vector is equal to the number of dimensions in the space in which the vector exists

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Annotation 1457238707468

#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

the number of components it takes to define a vector is equal to the number of dimensions in the space in which the vector exists

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Annotation 1457240280332

#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

An example of a tensor is the inertia that relates the angular velocity of a rotating object to its angular momentum

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An example of a tensor is the inertia that relates the angular velocity of a rotating object to its angular momentum. Since the angular velocity vector has a direction and the angular momentum vector has a (potentially different) direction, the inertia tensor involves multiple directions

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#calculus #mathematics #tensors #vectors

Question

a tensor may be represented by an [...]. In this expression, “R” represents the rank of the tensor.

Answer

array of 3^R numbers in 3-dimensional space

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a tensor may be represented by an array of 3 R numbers in 3-dimensional space. In this expression, “R” represents the rank of the tensor.

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Flashcard 1457244212492

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

R has another function, [...], for testing equality up to the degree of precision for the computer being used.

Answer

all.equal

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R has another function, all.equal, for testing equality up to the degree of precision for the computer being used.

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#bayes #programming #r #statistics

Question

One case of trying to make inferences from data without using a model is a method from NHST called [...]

Answer

resampling or bootstrapping.

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One case of trying to make inferences from data without using a model is a method from NHST called resampling or bootstrapping.

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Flashcard 1457247358220

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#biochem

Question

there is much better stacking of the bases in the [...] con- formation, as seen in a form of DNA known as Z-DNA (see Section 2.12) and in some RNA loop structures.

Answer

syn

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there is much better stacking of the bases in the syn con- formation, as seen in a form of DNA known as Z-DNA (see Section 2.12) and in some RNA loop structures.

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Flashcard 1457248931084

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#biochem

Question

there is much better stacking of the bases in the syn con- formation, as seen in a form of DNA known as [...] (see Section 2.12) and in some RNA loop structures.

Answer

Z-DNA

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there is much better stacking of the bases in the syn con- formation, as seen in a form of DNA known as Z-DNA (see Section 2.12) and in some RNA loop structures.

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Flashcard 1457250503948

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#biochem

Question

there is much better stacking of the bases in the syn con- formation, as seen in a form of DNA known as Z-DNA (see Section 2.12) and in some [...] structures.

Answer

RNA loop

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there is much better stacking of the bases in the syn con- formation, as seen in a form of DNA known as Z-DNA (see Section 2.12) and in some RNA loop structures.

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Flashcard 1457252076812

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#biochem

Question

h e distance between the phos- phate oxygen and the hydrogen atom is [...]

Answer

1.9 Å.

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h e distance between the phos- phate oxygen and the hydrogen atom is 1.9 Å.

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Flashcard 1457253649676

Tags

#biochem

Question

in RNA, the sugar adopts a [...] conformation (Figure 2.9), which causes a change in phosphate separation and a general modi- fi cation of the double-helical structure

Answer

C3ʹ endo

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in RNA, the sugar adopts a C3ʹ endo conformation (Figure 2.9), which causes a change in phosphate separation and a general modi- fi cation of the double-helical structure

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Flashcard 1457255222540

Tags

#biochem

Question

in RNA, the sugar adopts a C3ʹ endo conformation (Figure 2.9), which causes [...]

Answer

a change in phosphate separation and a general modi- fi cation of the double-helical structure

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in RNA, the sugar adopts a C3ʹ endo conformation (Figure 2.9), which causes a change in phosphate separation and a general modi- fi cation of the double-helical structure

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Flashcard 1457256795404

Tags

#matlab #programming

Question

The [...] op- erator is the complex conjugate transpose, meaning rows and columns are inter- changed and signs of imaginary parts are changed.

Answer

’

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The ’ op- erator is the complex conjugate transpose, meaning rows and columns are inter- changed and signs of imaginary parts are changed.

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Flashcard 1457258368268

Tags

#matlab #programming

Question

The [...] operator, on the other hand, does a pure transpose without taking the complex conjugate.

Answer

.’

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The .’ operator, on the other hand, does a pure transpose without taking the complex conjugate.

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Flashcard 1457302670604

Tags

#cfa #cfa-level-1 #economics #introduction #lol #microeconomics #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm #study-session-4

Question

What is the main focus of reading 15?

Answer

The cost side of the profit equation for companies competing in market economies under perfect competition.

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This is crucial. Sometimes when you try to exaggerate the joke or play it off, if you go to extremes, it actually sends the wrong message. It actually comes off as like you're pushing back or you're paying them back.

Patrick, your haircut is so weird. Yeah, it’s terrible. Everything I do is terrible and all my clothes are pieces of crap too. I’m going to go to the homeless shelter now. Thanks.

Very unnecessary escalation.

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Annotation 1457357458700

#conversation-tactics

A joke is acceptable, and the difference is usually the intent. A joke can touch upon you, and can be about a wide range of topics personal to you. You are the not the primary target. A ridicule has the sole intent to make you appear stupid, and will dig deep without moving on.

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Annotation 1457359031564

#conversation-tactics

You can deal with jokes in a very pleasant way, and it won’t lead to unnecessary drama. However, if you're dealing with somebody who is flat out ridiculing you, then you need to be more careful.

Don't come off as so defensive that it's obvious that you're insecure. Instead, call them out. A simple “What are you doing?” will suffice and stop most people.

The whole point here is to send the signal that you're not a pushover. You're communicating that you saw what they did, and highlighting the fact that you won’t stand for it.

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Annotation 1457361390860

#conversation-tactics

This is crucial because this impacts the respect that others will have for you. If people are subjecting you to ridicule left and right, then people are going to lose respect for you if you don't push back.

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Annotation 1457362963724

#conversation-tactics

Chapter 10. Celebrate people’s idiosyncrasies.

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Flashcard 1461287783692

Question

The amount of capital expenditures a company is likely to have depends on [...].

Answer

the industry it occupies

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The amount of capital expenditures a company is likely to have depends on the industry it occupies. Some of the most capital intensive industries have the highest levels of capital expenditures including oil exploration and production, telecom, manufacturing and utilities.</sp

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Annotation 1461312949516

Some of the most capital intensive industries have the highest levels of capital expenditures including oil exploration and production, telecom, manufacturing and utilities.

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Annotation 1461348076812

#sets

Russell’s Paradox. Consider the set S whose elements are all those (and only those) sets that are not members of themselves: S = {X : X/∈ X}. Question: Does S belong to S? If S belongs to S,then S is not a member of itself, and so S/∈ S. On the other hand, if S/∈ S,thenS belongs to S.In either case, we have a contradiction.

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Flashcard 1461353319692

Tags

#cfa-level-1 #economics #reading-15-demand-and-supply-analysis-the-firm #section-3-analysis-of-revenue-costs-and-profit

Question

Aproach:

the revenue value of the output from the last unit of input employed equals [...]

Answer

the cost of employing that input unit

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Aproach: the revenue value of the output from the last unit of input employed equals the cost of employing that input unit The third method compares the estimated cost of each unit of input to that input’s contribution with projected total revenue. If the increase in projected total revenue comi

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Flashcard 1461509819660

Tags

#sets

Question

What is Russell’s Paradox?

Answer

Consider the set S whose elements are all those (and only those) sets that are not members of themselves: S = {X : X/∈ X}. Question: Does S belong to S? If S belongs to S, then S is not a member of itself, and so S/∈ S. On the other hand, if S/∈ S, then S belongs to S. In either case, we have a contradiction

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Russell’s Paradox. Consider the set S whose elements are all those (and only those) sets that are not members of themselves: S = {X : X/∈ X}. Question: Does S belong to S? If S belongs to S,then S is not a member of itself, and so S/∈ S. On the other hand, if S/∈ S,thenS belongs to S.In either case, we have a contradiction.

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Annotation 1461556481292

#art-of-memory #linking-methods

Base object “ or just „ base “ – real object (or just image) that we already know. In linking techniques it is the first object in your link.

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r30's mnemonics
on? 3.5 3.5 Some exceptions 3.6 Inside vs next-to placement 4 4. Interaction Method 5 5. Link Systems 5.1 5.1 Mnemonic Link System 5.1.1 5.1.1 IM- or TM-based chain? 5.2 5.2 Pinned Link System 6 6. When to use which linking technique? 1. Used terminology „Base object“ or just „base“ – real object (or just image) that we already know. In linking techniques it is the first object in your link.Besides it being an "object", it may also be a person, or something general like room, wall, ground, etc. If it is an item from your Peg System, then we call it peg. In method of loci we call it locus (base has a position with respect to other objects). „Data object“ or just „dobe“– object that we want to memorize. It may be visual or nonvisual, e.g an abstract concept. If it is nonvisual then it is useful to first create a mnemonic image for the dobe (see How to Create Mnemonic Images). In MLS (and PLS) a random middle dobe of the chain is also base (you use it to recall the next dobe). Dobe is linked to base (an association made between them). Later you can use that base to recall the dobe. I took the liberty to classify different types of mnemonic linking techniques. The following two methods cover all the ways (that I can think of) to link dobe to base : Transformation m

Flashcard 1461570112780

Tags

#art-of-memory #linking-methods

Question

[...] “ – real object (or just image) that we already know. In linking techniques it is the first object in your link.

Answer

Base object “ or just „ base

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Base object “ or just „ base “ – real object (or just image) that we already know. In linking techniques it is the first object in your link.

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Annotation 1461610482956

#art-of-memory #linking-methods

Base object : Besides it being an "object", it may also be a person, or something general like room, wall, ground, etc.

If it is an item from your Peg System, then we call the base it peg.

In method of loci we call it locus (base has a position with respect to other objects).

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„ Base object “ or just „ base “ – real object (or just image) that we already know. In linking techniques it is the first object in your link. Besides it being an "object", it may also be a person, or something general like room, wall, ground, etc. If it is an item from your Peg System, then we call it peg. In method of loci we call it locus (base has a position with respect to other objects). „ Data object “ or just „ dobe “– object that we want to memorize. It may be visual or nonvisual, e.g an abstract concept. If it is nonvisual then it is useful to first c

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Annotation 1461677067532

#art-of-memory #linking-methods

Data object or dobe – object that we want to memorize. It may be visual or nonvisual, e.g an abstract concept.

If a dobe is nonvisual then it is useful to first create a mnemonic image for the dobe.

In Mnemonic Link System (and PLS) a random middle dobe of the chain is also base (you use it to recall the next dobe).

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, it may also be a person, or something general like room, wall, ground, etc. If it is an item from your Peg System, then we call it peg. In method of loci we call it locus (base has a position with respect to other objects). „ Data object “ or just „ dobe “– object that we want to memorize. It may be visual or nonvisual, e.g an abstract concept. If it is nonvisual then it is useful to first create a mnemonic image for the dobe. In MLS (and PLS) a random middle dobe of the chain is also base (you use it to recall the next dobe). Dobe is linked to base (an association made between them). Later you can use that base to recall the dobe. <body><html>

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Flashcard 1461805255948

Tags

#art-of-memory #linking-methods

Question

[...] – object that we want to memorize. It may be visual or nonvisual, e.g an abstract concept.

Answer

Data object or dobe

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Data object or dobe – object that we want to memorize. It may be visual or nonvisual, e.g an abstract concept. If a dobe is nonvisual then it is useful to first create a mnemonic image for the

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Annotation 1461844577548

#art-of-memory #linking-methods

Dobe is linked to base (an association made between them). Later you can use that base to recall the dobe.

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al or nonvisual, e.g an abstract concept. If it is nonvisual then it is useful to first create a mnemonic image for the dobe. In MLS (and PLS) a random middle dobe of the chain is also base (you use it to recall the next dobe). Dobe is linked to base (an association made between them). Later you can use that base to recall the dobe. <body><html>

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Annotation 1461888355596

#art-of-memory #has-images #linking-methods

(mnemo) deduction – Process of recalling dobe from its base (when the link between base and dobe is already made and we try to recall the dobe when seeing the base). In case of MLS the deduction would be recalling dobe from another dobe.

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Transformation method
ch spike can be thought as seperate object). We use this fact for letting base be constructed of little dobes (e.g lamp bulbs instead of spikes and skin) or just from dobe's surface (bulb's glass covering the skin and spikes). ( mnemo ) deduction – Process of recalling dobe from its base (when the link between base and dobe is already made and we try to recall the dobe when seeing the base). In case of MLS the deduction would be recalling dobe from another dobe. I use often term deduction instead of recall because in lot of cases the link between base and dobe is somehow logical and thus dobe can be deduced from its base. In case of

Flashcard 1461906181388

Tags

#art-of-memory #has-images #linking-methods

Question

[...] – Process of recalling dobe from its base (when the link between base and dobe is already made and we try to recall the dobe when seeing the base). In case of MLS the deduction would be recalling dobe from another dobe.

Answer

(mnemo) deduction

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( mnemo ) deduction – Process of recalling dobe from its base (when the link between base and dobe is already made and we try to recall the dobe when seeing the base). In case of MLS the deduction would be

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Annotation 1462352874764

The Third Meditation promises to establish a meta- physical result, “the existence of God.”

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Annotation 1462619213068

#69-ways-to-influence

We never admit that we made this decision based on what other people are doing, or because we felt a strong emotional need to do it, without understanding where that need came from.

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Annotation 1462710963468

#69-ways-to-influence

you are simply using the enormous forces that are already driving people, and are redirecting them a little. To go where you want them to go.

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Annotation 1462821588236

#69-ways-to-influence

6 key drivers of human behavior as laid out by Cialdini

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Annotation 1462856715532

#69-ways-to-influence

The 6 factors underling all of our decisions are:

reciprocation, social proof, commitment and consistency, authority, scarcity and liking

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Annotation 1462889483532

1. Reciprocation

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #reciprocation

When we feel that someone has done something for us, our hardwiring kicks in and we feel a very strong urge to return the favor. Throughout evolution humans have survived by cleanly and clearly reciprocating favors – it is one of the foundations of a successful society. People who did not feel a natural and strong desire to reciprocate would often have been kicked out of a social group. Which in the past, meant death. This is why the urge is so strong in us.

To influence someone to act in a way you desire, try to think how you can first give the impression at least of having done them a favor.

The initial thing could be a gift, and this gift can be in the form of a physical gift, a favor or a piece of advice. Perhaps some free information as marketers often use. The gifts or advice need not be too expensive and can be economical and yet, useful to the end user.

For example: by giving a free gift with a product, marketing companies make people buy something. This gift need not be something expensive but can be something of great use to the user.

At the workplace, if a particular thing is required to be done by a particular person, then attaching something as small as a nice hand written note will probably push your chances by 20%. Similarly, sending in personalized gifts or favors is sure to get you in many people’s good books regardless of whether it is for business purposes or personal use.

Here, it is important to understand that you have to have your favor returned and if you don’t, then it will be your loss. So what you give in the first place should be carefully thought for and you must make it worthwhile to the extent that the other person will return the favor even if he or she is not in a position to. They should take it upon themselves to give you what you ask for and when you ask for it owing to you having done the same to them

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Annotation 1462951087372

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #reciprocation

When we feel that someone has done something for us, our hardwiring kicks in and we feel a very strong urge to return the favor.

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When we feel that someone has done something for us, our hardwiring kicks in and we feel a very strong urge to return the favor. Throughout evolution humans have survived by cleanly and clearly reciprocating favors – it is one of the foundations of a successful society. People who did not feel a natural and stron

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Annotation 1462966291724

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #reciprocation

People who did not feel a natural and strong desire to reciprocate would often have been kicked out of a social group. Which in the past, meant death. This is why the urge is so strong in us.

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s done something for us, our hardwiring kicks in and we feel a very strong urge to return the favor. Throughout evolution humans have survived by cleanly and clearly reciprocating favors – it is one of the foundations of a successful society. People who did not feel a natural and strong desire to reciprocate would often have been kicked out of a social group. Which in the past, meant death. This is why the urge is so strong in us. To influence someone to act in a way you desire, try to think how you can first give the impression at least of having done them a favor. The initial thing could b

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Annotation 1462979398924

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #reciprocation

To influence someone to act in a way you desire, try to think how you can first give the impression at least of having done them a favor.

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he foundations of a successful society. People who did not feel a natural and strong desire to reciprocate would often have been kicked out of a social group. Which in the past, meant death. This is why the urge is so strong in us. To influence someone to act in a way you desire, try to think how you can first give the impression at least of having done them a favor. The initial thing could be a gift, and this gift can be in the form of a physical gift, a favor or a piece of advice. Perhaps some free information as marketers often use. Th

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Annotation 1463045983500

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #reciprocation

The initial thing could be a gift, and this gift can be in the form of a physical gift, a favor or a piece of advice. Perhaps some free information as marketers often use. The gifts or advice need not be too expensive and can be economical and yet, useful to the end user.

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al group. Which in the past, meant death. This is why the urge is so strong in us. To influence someone to act in a way you desire, try to think how you can first give the impression at least of having done them a favor. The initial thing could be a gift, and this gift can be in the form of a physical gift, a favor or a piece of advice. Perhaps some free information as marketers often use. The gifts or advice need not be too expensive and can be economical and yet, useful to the end user. For example: by giving a free gift with a product, marketing companies make people buy something. This gift need not be something expensive but can be something of great use

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Annotation 1463063285004

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #reciprocation

For example: by giving a free gift with a product, marketing companies make people buy something. This gift need not be something expensive but can be something of great use to the user.

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is gift can be in the form of a physical gift, a favor or a piece of advice. Perhaps some free information as marketers often use. The gifts or advice need not be too expensive and can be economical and yet, useful to the end user. For example: by giving a free gift with a product, marketing companies make people buy something. This gift need not be something expensive but can be something of great use to the user. At the workplace, if a particular thing is required to be done by a particular person, then attaching something as small as a nice hand written note will probably push your c

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Annotation 1463083732236

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #reciprocation

sending in personalized gifts or favors is sure to get you in many people’s good books regardless of whether it is for business purposes or personal use.

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thing of great use to the user. At the workplace, if a particular thing is required to be done by a particular person, then attaching something as small as a nice hand written note will probably push your chances by 20%. Similarly, sending in personalized gifts or favors is sure to get you in many people’s good books regardless of whether it is for business purposes or personal use. Here, it is important to understand that you have to have your favor returned and if you don’t, then it will be your loss. So what you give in the first place should be caref

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Annotation 1463094742284

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #reciprocation

At the workplace, if a particular thing is required to be done by a particular person, then attaching something as small as a nice hand written note will probably push your chances by 20%.

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and yet, useful to the end user. For example: by giving a free gift with a product, marketing companies make people buy something. This gift need not be something expensive but can be something of great use to the user. At the workplace, if a particular thing is required to be done by a particular person, then attaching something as small as a nice hand written note will probably push your chances by 20%. Similarly, sending in personalized gifts or favors is sure to get you in many people’s good books regardless of whether it is for business purposes or personal use. Here, it

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Annotation 1463125675276

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #reciprocation

Here, it is important to understand that you have to have your favor returned and if you don’t, then it will be your loss. So what you give in the first place should be carefully thought for and you must make it worthwhile to the extent that the other person will return the favor even if he or she is not in a position to. They should take it upon themselves to give you what you ask for and when you ask for it owing to you having done the same to them

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Open it
s a nice hand written note will probably push your chances by 20%. Similarly, sending in personalized gifts or favors is sure to get you in many people’s good books regardless of whether it is for business purposes or personal use. Here, it is important to understand that you have to have your favor returned and if you don’t, then it will be your loss. So what you give in the first place should be carefully thought for and you must make it worthwhile to the extent that the other person will return the favor even if he or she is not in a position to. They should take it upon themselves to give you what you ask for and when you ask for it owing to you having done the same to them<body><html>

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Annotation 1463139831052

2. Social Proof

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #social-proof

We are extremely responsive to what we perceive others around us to be doing. This unconscious function has helped us make quick and good life-saving decisions throughout history. We quickly look around, see what everyone else is doing, assume that is the wise choice of action, and follow the resulting desire to act.

Study after study after study have shown how powerful this factor is. One practical experiment was an experiment conducted where a hotel wished their guests to reuse the towels in their rooms. They decided to put out a few signs, you have probably seen similar signs in your travels.

The first sign cited environmental reasons to encourage visitors to reuse their towels. The second sign said the hotel would donate a portion of end-of-year laundry savings to an environmental cause – trying to appeal to guests’ altruistic motives.

The third sign said the hotel had already given a donation and asked: “Will you please join us?” And the fourth sign said the majority of guests reused their towels at least once during their stay.

To their surprise, 48% responded positively to the fourth sign as opposed to 38% for the first, 36% for the second and 46% for the third.

If you want to influence people to act a certain way, there are few more powerful methods than to give the impression that other people – preferably people like them – are doing the action you desire them to do. Try to find examples of this to show them, or simply mention in conversation that others are doing it.

Always try to think of intelligent ways to demonstrate this. In business you can always find examples of how your target market is acting in that way. And of course, testimonials are the best possible marketing tool, because of this principle.

This principle also comes across in the weight we give the advice of other people around us – even people unqualified to give a good opinion. So if an office goer is unsure of what he should wear to a meeting, then he is sure to consult a colleague and wear a similar outfit. If a child is unsure of which ice cream flavor to pick, then she is sure to consult a friend or sibling to choose a flavor.

So, if you position yourself in such a way that you get asked for an advice, and then you can influence them to do what you want them to. That is, you can convince them do as you are and do what you want them to for you.

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#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #social-proof

We are extremely responsive to what we perceive others around us to be doing.

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#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #social-proof

This unconscious function has helped us make quick and good life-saving decisions throughout history. We quickly look around, see what everyone else is doing, assume that is the wise choice of action, and follow the resulting desire to act.

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We are extremely responsive to what we perceive others around us to be doing. This unconscious function has helped us make quick and good life-saving decisions throughout history. We quickly look around, see what everyone else is doing, assume that is the wise choice of action, and follow the resulting desire to act. Study after study after study have shown how powerful this factor is. One practical experiment was an experiment conducted where a hotel wished their guests to reuse the tow

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Annotation 1463175744780

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #social-proof

If you want to influence people to act a certain way, there are few more powerful methods than to give the impression that other people – preferably people like them – are doing the action you desire them to do. Try to find examples of this to show them, or simply mention in conversation that others are doing it.

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n said the majority of guests reused their towels at least once during their stay. To their surprise, 48% responded positively to the fourth sign as opposed to 38% for the first, 36% for the second and 46% for the third. If you want to influence people to act a certain way, there are few more powerful methods than to give the impression that other people – preferably people like them – are doing the action you desire them to do. Try to find examples of this to show them, or simply mention in conversation that others are doing it. Always try to think of intelligent ways to demonstrate this. In business you can always find examples of how your target market is acting in that way. And of course, testimon

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Annotation 1463177317644

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #social-proof

In business you can always find examples of how your target market is acting in that way. And of course, testimonials are the best possible marketing tool, because of this principle.

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ably people like them – are doing the action you desire them to do. Try to find examples of this to show them, or simply mention in conversation that others are doing it. Always try to think of intelligent ways to demonstrate this. In business you can always find examples of how your target market is acting in that way. And of course, testimonials are the best possible marketing tool, because of this principle. This principle also comes across in the weight we give the advice of other people around us – even people unqualified to give a good opinion. So if an office goer is unsure o

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Annotation 1463180987660

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #social-proof

Always try to think of intelligent ways to demonstrate this.

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ethods than to give the impression that other people – preferably people like them – are doing the action you desire them to do. Try to find examples of this to show them, or simply mention in conversation that others are doing it. Always try to think of intelligent ways to demonstrate this. In business you can always find examples of how your target market is acting in that way. And of course, testimonials are the best possible marketing tool, because of this principle.&#1

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Annotation 1463182560524

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #social-proof

This principle also comes across in the weight we give the advice of other people around us – even people unqualified to give a good opinion. So if an office goer is unsure of what he should wear to a meeting, then he is sure to consult a colleague and wear a similar outfit. If a child is unsure of which ice cream flavor to pick, then she is sure to consult a friend or sibling to choose a flavor.

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o think of intelligent ways to demonstrate this. In business you can always find examples of how your target market is acting in that way. And of course, testimonials are the best possible marketing tool, because of this principle. This principle also comes across in the weight we give the advice of other people around us – even people unqualified to give a good opinion. So if an office goer is unsure of what he should wear to a meeting, then he is sure to consult a colleague and wear a similar outfit. If a child is unsure of which ice cream flavor to pick, then she is sure to consult a friend or sibling to choose a flavor. So, if you position yourself in such a way that you get asked for an advice, and then you can influence them to do what you want them to. That is, you can convince them do as

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Annotation 1463184133388

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #social-proof

When somebody asks for your advice you ar in a great position to influence them.

Just convince them to go the direction you want.

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sure of what he should wear to a meeting, then he is sure to consult a colleague and wear a similar outfit. If a child is unsure of which ice cream flavor to pick, then she is sure to consult a friend or sibling to choose a flavor. So, if you position yourself in such a way that you get asked for an advice, and then you can influence them to do what you want them to. That is, you can convince them do as you are and do what you want them to for you.<body><html>

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Annotation 1463185706252

3. Commitment & Consistency

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency

This is by far one of the most powerful forces in our lives when it comes to making decisions. In the short term and long term too.

Throughout human history, it was always important for individuals to appear consistent in their thoughts and actions and character. People who change from moment to moment can appear ‘unreliable’ or ‘unpredictable’ which is why we all sometimes end up continuing to do something when we don’t even remember why we started doing it.

We also do not like to change course once we have begun. When we are on a course, we start to logically explain it with all sorts of clever arguments, which we then begin to believe ourselves. This cements us on that given track, and makes it hard to change course.

So our brains are hardwired to hold to commitments, and to remain consistent to our previous actions. This is many times more powerful when we have shown our actions to other people, or somehow publically committed to it. This is because it’s evolutionarily most important to use that we are seen to be consistent. And it’s almost physically painful to be seen to be inconsistent.

In action, you can influence people to act the way you want them to act by getting them to agree and say ‘yes’ and take very small actions in the direction you want them to go in. Perhaps a long time before you get to the bigger decision you are actually aiming for. In practice, you can start by simply getting a person to say ‘yes’ and agree that they have acted that way in the past.

Simply by reminding someone that they have acted a certain way in the past, will start to cement their minds onto that track of thought and action. Also, always get someone to speak out loud about their previous actions in that direction. If they at least speak it to you, and preferably many people, they are in a way cementing in their chosen course. And they will immediately begin in that direction and start justifying it to themselves.

Start small, and gradually get bigger and bigger

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#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency

Commitment and consistency is by far one of the most powerful forces in our lives when it comes to making decisions. In the short term and long term too.

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Annotation 1463189900556

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency

Throughout human history, it was always important for individuals to appear consistent in their thoughts and actions and character. People who change from moment to moment can appear ‘unreliable’ or ‘unpredictable’ which is why we all sometimes end up continuing to do something when we don’t even remember why we started doing it.

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This is by far one of the most powerful forces in our lives when it comes to making decisions. In the short term and long term too. Throughout human history, it was always important for individuals to appear consistent in their thoughts and actions and character. People who change from moment to moment can appear ‘unreliable’ or ‘unpredictable’ which is why we all sometimes end up continuing to do something when we don’t even remember why we started doing it. We also do not like to change course once we have begun. When we are on a course, we start to logically explain it with all sorts of clever arguments, which we then begin to

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Annotation 1463191473420

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency

We also do not like to change course once we have begun. When we are on a course, we start to logically explain it with all sorts of clever arguments, which we then begin to believe ourselves. This cements us on that given track, and makes it hard to change course.

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ghts and actions and character. People who change from moment to moment can appear ‘unreliable’ or ‘unpredictable’ which is why we all sometimes end up continuing to do something when we don’t even remember why we started doing it. We also do not like to change course once we have begun. When we are on a course, we start to logically explain it with all sorts of clever arguments, which we then begin to believe ourselves. This cements us on that given track, and makes it hard to change course. So our brains are hardwired to hold to commitments, and to remain consistent to our previous actions. This is many times more powerful when we have shown our actions to other

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Annotation 1463193046284

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency

So our brains are hardwired to hold to commitments, and to remain consistent to our previous actions.

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se once we have begun. When we are on a course, we start to logically explain it with all sorts of clever arguments, which we then begin to believe ourselves. This cements us on that given track, and makes it hard to change course. So our brains are hardwired to hold to commitments, and to remain consistent to our previous actions. This is many times more powerful when we have shown our actions to other people, or somehow publically committed to it. This is because it’s evolutionarily most important to use that we

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Annotation 1463194619148

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency

This is many times more powerful when we have shown our actions to other people, or somehow publically committed to it. This is because it’s evolutionarily most important to use that we are seen to be consistent. And it’s almost physically painful to be seen to be inconsistent.

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ver arguments, which we then begin to believe ourselves. This cements us on that given track, and makes it hard to change course. So our brains are hardwired to hold to commitments, and to remain consistent to our previous actions. This is many times more powerful when we have shown our actions to other people, or somehow publically committed to it. This is because it’s evolutionarily most important to use that we are seen to be consistent. And it’s almost physically painful to be seen to be inconsistent. In action, you can influence people to act the way you want them to act by getting them to agree and say ‘yes’ and take very small actions in the direction you want them to g

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Annotation 1463196192012

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency

In action, you can influence people to act the way you want them to act by getting them to agree and say ‘yes’ and take very small actions in the direction you want them to go in. Perhaps a long time before you get to the bigger decision you are actually aiming for. In practice, you can start by simply getting a person to say ‘yes’ and agree that they have acted that way in the past.

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hown our actions to other people, or somehow publically committed to it. This is because it’s evolutionarily most important to use that we are seen to be consistent. And it’s almost physically painful to be seen to be inconsistent. In action, you can influence people to act the way you want them to act by getting them to agree and say ‘yes’ and take very small actions in the direction you want them to go in. Perhaps a long time before you get to the bigger decision you are actually aiming for. In practice, you can start by simply getting a person to say ‘yes’ and agree that they have acted that way in the past. Simply by reminding someone that they have acted a certain way in the past, will start to cement their minds onto that track of thought and action. Also, always get someone t

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Annotation 1463197764876

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency

Simply by reminding someone that they have acted a certain way in the past, will start to cement their minds onto that track of thought and action.

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you want them to go in. Perhaps a long time before you get to the bigger decision you are actually aiming for. In practice, you can start by simply getting a person to say ‘yes’ and agree that they have acted that way in the past. Simply by reminding someone that they have acted a certain way in the past, will start to cement their minds onto that track of thought and action. Also, always get someone to speak out loud about their previous actions in that direction. If they at least speak it to you, and preferably many people, they are in a way cementing in t

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Annotation 1463199337740

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #commitment-and-consistency

Simply by reminding someone that they have acted a certain way in the past, will start to cement their minds onto that track of thought and action. Also, always get someone to speak out loud about their previous actions in that direction. If they at least speak it to you, and preferably many people, they are in a way cementing in their chosen course. And they will immediately begin in that direction and start justifying it to themselves.

Start small, and gradually get bigger and bigger

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Annotation 1463200910604

4. Authority

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence

Any attempt to influence someone in any direction will be instantly more powerful and effective if the person being influenced perceives the person influencing to be of higher authority.

This is why you always see so called doctors and celebrity figures used in marketing. We unconsciously see them as being of higher authority and therefore their opinion and decision is a better one for us too.

This principle doesn’t serve us in society today as it once did, but you can use it to your advantage by thinking how you can give the impression of having authority. This might be as simple as the way you dress.

In one experiment there was a man standing at a road crossing, dressed normally. Many times he waited until there was a large crowd of people around him, then when the light was still red he suddenly crossed the road (when there were no cars and no danger). A few people followed his example and crossed the road with him.

However, they repeated the experiment many times, but this time the man was dressed in a really nice suit – a symbol of authority in most cultures. When he crossed the road twice as many people followed him on average!

This principle is so powerful that generally speaking if you have a very qualified person lying to you and someone of a lesser stature telling you the truth, then you are more likely to believe the qualified person’s lie more than the other person’s truth. It’s unfortunate but true.

This might not only have to do with qualifications and titles and things like owning a posh car or living in a palatial house are also things that people will take an instant liking to and be influenced easily.

Another ‘costume’ or way of dressing to symbolize authority is a lab coat or doctors clothing. There was an infamous experiment conducted known as the Miligram experiment where test subjects were wired up to electricity, so that by pressing a button people in the room next door could give them electric shocks of increasing power.

Scientists (really experimenters pretending to be scientists) were dressed in lab coats and they asked the actors wired up to answer a few questions correctly. Next to them were participants who didn’t know the whole thing was fake with actors.

The scientists asked the wired up actors in the other room a series of questions. Every time they were wrong they told the participant to give them an electric shock. Each time the shock got stronger, and the actors wired up were showing great amounts of pain. In about 4 times out of 5 the people giving the shock kept on going all the way up to high voltage that would kill anyone. Just because the person in authority was telling them to.

Do not underestimate the power of this principle.

Always think how you can apply it. In marketing, you should get testimonials from people in authority like doctors – this doubles up social proof with authority. Think about the way you dress. Think about your credentials. And think about who the person you are trying to influence sees as authority figures.

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Annotation 1463201959180

1 I know with certainty that I am a thinking thing. 2 This knowledge is based solely on a clear and distinct perception of its truth. 3 Clear and distinct perception would not be sufficient to yield such knowledge if it were in any way fallible. 4 Therefore, clear and distinct perception provides a sufficient ground for knowledge; whatever I so perceive is true.

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Annotation 1463205367052

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #authority

Any attempt to influence someone in any direction will be instantly more powerful and effective if the person being influenced perceives the person influencing to be of higher authority.

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This is why you always see so called doctors and celebrity figures used in marketing. We unconsciously see them as being of higher authority and therefore their opinion and decision is a better one for us too.

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Any attempt to influence someone in any direction will be instantly more powerful and effective if the person being influenced perceives the person influencing to be of higher authority. This is why you always see so called doctors and celebrity figures used in marketing. We unconsciously see them as being of higher authority and therefore their opinion and decision is a better one for us too. This principle doesn’t serve us in society today as it once did, but you can use it to your advantage by thinking how you can give the impression of having authority. This mi

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Annotation 1463234989324

The existence of the idea of God is the basis for Descartes’ first proof from effects. The proof claims that the content of the meditator’s idea of God could exist only if God produced that content himself.

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Annotation 1463236037900

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #authority

This principle doesn’t serve us in society today as it once did, but you can use it to your advantage by thinking how you can give the impression of having authority. This might be as simple as the way you dress.

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authority. This is why you always see so called doctors and celebrity figures used in marketing. We unconsciously see them as being of higher authority and therefore their opinion and decision is a better one for us too. This principle doesn’t serve us in society today as it once did, but you can use it to your advantage by thinking how you can give the impression of having authority. This might be as simple as the way you dress. In one experiment there was a man standing at a road crossing, dressed normally. Many times he waited until there was a large crowd of people around him, then when the light

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Annotation 1463237610764

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #authority

However, they repeated the experiment many times, but this time the man was dressed in a really nice suit – a symbol of authority in most cultures. When he crossed the road twice as many people followed him on average!

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he waited until there was a large crowd of people around him, then when the light was still red he suddenly crossed the road (when there were no cars and no danger). A few people followed his example and crossed the road with him. However, they repeated the experiment many times, but this time the man was dressed in a really nice suit – a symbol of authority in most cultures. When he crossed the road twice as many people followed him on average! This principle is so powerful that generally speaking if you have a very qualified person lying to you and someone of a lesser stature telling you the truth, then you are mor

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Annotation 1463239183628

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #authority

This principle is so powerful that generally speaking if you have a very qualified person lying to you and someone of a lesser stature telling you the truth, then you are more likely to believe the qualified person’s lie more than the other person’s truth.

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Do not underestimate the power of this principle.

Always think how you can apply it. In marketing, you should get testimonials from people in authority like doctors – this doubles up social proof with authority. Think about the way you dress. Think about your credentials. And think about who the person you are trying to influence sees as authority figures.

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#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #scarcity

Similar to social proof is the principle of scarcity. We naturally start to desire something as soon as we sense that it is scarce. That it is somehow limited in time or number.

We see this all the time in marketing because it is so very effective. Think of a time when you thought you were about to lose something or someone. It greatly heightens the feeling of desire, doesn’t it!

When you are trying to influence someone, always say something to create an air of scarcity. You can always s find a genuine reason. And it’s best to give a true ‘because’ as well. For example, you might say they do not have much time because you are not sure how much longer this opportunity will be open for.

It is vague, but even this will have an unconscious impact on their decision-making process. When you start using numbers, saying there is only this much tie or this many days, or this many of it left. Then it gets really powerful.

The reason it works so strongly to write the number of spaces open on a course, on the sales page, and then count them down as people sign up. The reason this works so well is because it combines scarcity with social proof. And as soon as you begin combining these factors you get what Charlie Munger calls the ‘Lollapalooza’ affect. The secret weapon of world-class influencers. More on that in the next chapter.

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Annotation 1463253077260

Any contributing cause less powerful than God would still have to depend on the infinite power of God for its very being. God’s power is left as the only explanation of the continuing existence of all finite beings.

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Annotation 1463256485132

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #scarcity

We naturally start to desire something as soon as we sense that it is scarce. That it is somehow limited in time or number.

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Similar to social proof is the principle of scarcity. We naturally start to desire something as soon as we sense that it is scarce. That it is somehow limited in time or number. We see this all the time in marketing because it is so very effective. Think of a time when you thought you were about to lose something or someone. It greatly heightens the

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Annotation 1463258057996

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #scarcity

Think of a time when you thought you were about to lose something or someone. It greatly heightens the feeling of desire, doesn’t it!

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proof is the principle of scarcity. We naturally start to desire something as soon as we sense that it is scarce. That it is somehow limited in time or number. We see this all the time in marketing because it is so very effective. Think of a time when you thought you were about to lose something or someone. It greatly heightens the feeling of desire, doesn’t it! When you are trying to influence someone, always say something to create an air of scarcity. You can always s find a genuine reason. And it’s best to give a true ‘because’ as

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Annotation 1463259630860

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #scarcity

When you are trying to influence someone, always say something to create an air of scarcity. You can always s find a genuine reason. And it’s best to give a true ‘because’ as well. For example, you might say they do not have much time because you are not sure how much longer this opportunity will be open for.

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time or number. We see this all the time in marketing because it is so very effective. Think of a time when you thought you were about to lose something or someone. It greatly heightens the feeling of desire, doesn’t it! When you are trying to influence someone, always say something to create an air of scarcity. You can always s find a genuine reason. And it’s best to give a true ‘because’ as well. For example, you might say they do not have much time because you are not sure how much longer this opportunity will be open for. It is vague, but even this will have an unconscious impact on their decision-making process. When you start using numbers, saying there is only this much tie or this many day

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Annotation 1463261203724

Finally, the meditator returns to the deceiving-God hypothesis. From the idea of God as an infinite, perfect being, she concludes that God “is subject to no defect whatsoever.” From this, it follows “that he cannot be a deceiver, since it is manifest by the natural light that all fraud and deception depend on some defect” (7:52). God’s perfection excludes deception.

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Annotation 1463262252300

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #scarcity

When you start using numbers, saying there is only this much tie or this many days, or this many of it left. Then it gets really powerful.

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The reason it works so strongly to write the number of spaces open on a course, on the sales page, and then count them down as people sign up. The reason this works so well is because it combines scarcity with social proof. And as soon as you begin combining these factors you get what Charlie Munger calls the ‘Lollapalooza’ affect. The secret weapon of world-class influencers.

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t is vague, but even this will have an unconscious impact on their decision-making process. When you start using numbers, saying there is only this much tie or this many days, or this many of it left. Then it gets really powerful. The reason it works so strongly to write the number of spaces open on a course, on the sales page, and then count them down as people sign up. The reason this works so well is because it combines scarcity with social proof. And as soon as you begin combining these factors you get what Charlie Munger calls the ‘Lollapalooza’ affect. The secret weapon of world-class influencers. More on that in the next chapter.<body><html>

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6. Liking

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #liking

One of the simplest and most powerful principles of persuasion is liking. We listen to people we like. We do what people we like want us to do. Simple.

The interesting thing here is who we like. Who we honestly like in an unconscious automatic, instant reaction kind of way. First and foremost, Cialdini says we like people who are similar to us. This is perfectly understandable.

As we will discover in later chapters – with NLP and chapter 5,6 and 7 – there are many ways to create this liking and sense of bonding and trust through creating a feeling of great similarity. IN fact, you can create this instantly with anyone though creating rapport.

To illustrate the power of this similarity factor, there was an experiment conducted where a certain number of people were mailed a survey and asked to return the form after filling it.

Those who received it from someone who had a similar sounding name returned the forms more that those who received it from people whose names were not identical or similar. This experiment proved that most people get influenced easily if they find that there is a similarity between them and their influencer.

Perhaps unfairly, we also like people who we find to be attractive. There is a theory, which states that, people who are attractive are also going to possess other qualities such as being loyal and committed and thus, people are more likely to listen to them and also get influenced by them. This is perhaps the least easy principle of influence for anyone to replicate, but it is worth remembering!

If you can begin to utilize and combine Cialdini’s factors of influence, you will see instant results. Remember, it is like Aikido. You are not doing anything new, people are constantly responding to and using these forces all day long. You are simply going to be more intelligent about it from now on.

The next chapter will show you more powerful principles of human behavior which will allow you to influence people with ease. And also the incredible power of combining factors all together, and how you can do this in your life starting today.

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Descartes responded to this charge of circularity in the Fourth Replies (drawing also on the Second): I have already given an adequate explanation of this point in my reply to the Second Objections, under the headings Thirdly and Fourthly, where I made a distinction between what we in fact perceive clearly and what we remember having perceived clearly on a previous occasion. To begin with, we are sure that God exists because we attend to the arguments which prove this; but subse- quently it is enough for us to remember that we perceived something clearly in order for us to be certain that it is true. This would not be sufficient if we did not know that God exists and is not a deceiver. [7:246]

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Annotation 1463273000204

Descartes seems to be claiming that the charge of circu- larity is not a problem, because the proof of God’s existence (which relies on clear and distinct perception) merely gives the meditator license to trust the remembered results of clear and distinct percep- tions when she is not having them – presumably, by removing the “slight” and “metaphysical” doubt of the deceiving-God hypothesis. But, this reply presupposes, there was no need to justify clear and distinct perception itself, even as the power that investigates the grounds for doubt.

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Annotation 1463274835212

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #liking

One of the simplest and most powerful principles of persuasion is liking. We listen to people we like. We do what people we like want us to do.

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Who we honestly like in an unconscious automatic, instant reaction kind of way. First and foremost, Cialdini says we like people who are similar to us.

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One of the simplest and most powerful principles of persuasion is liking. We listen to people we like. We do what people we like want us to do. Simple. The interesting thing here is who we like. Who we honestly like in an unconscious automatic, instant reaction kind of way. First and foremost, Cialdini says we like people who are similar to us. This is perfectly understandable. As we will discover in later chapters – with NLP and chapter 5,6 and 7 – there are many ways to create this liking and sense of bonding and

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Annotation 1463282175244

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #liking

there are many ways to create this liking and sense of bonding and trust through creating a feeling of great similarity. IN fact, you can create this instantly with anyone though creating rapport.

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unconscious automatic, instant reaction kind of way. First and foremost, Cialdini says we like people who are similar to us. This is perfectly understandable. As we will discover in later chapters – with NLP and chapter 5,6 and 7 – there are many ways to create this liking and sense of bonding and trust through creating a feeling of great similarity. IN fact, you can create this instantly with anyone though creating rapport. To illustrate the power of this similarity factor, there was an experiment conducted where a certain number of people were mailed a survey and asked to return the form after

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Annotation 1463283748108

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #liking

Those who received an email from someone who had a similar sounding name returned the forms more that those who didnt.

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th anyone though creating rapport. To illustrate the power of this similarity factor, there was an experiment conducted where a certain number of people were mailed a survey and asked to return the form after filling it. Those who received it from someone who had a similar sounding name returned the forms more that those who received it from people whose names were not identical or similar. This experiment proved that most people get influenced easily if they find that there is a similarity between them and their influencer. Perhaps unfairly, we also like people

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Annotation 1463285320972

What if Descartes believed that the meditator could reasonably begin with, or at some point adopt, a presumption in favor of the human intellect? That is, what if the burden of proof were on the doubter? In that case, a “remove the doubt” strategy might suffice, when paired with this presumption.

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Annotation 1463286369548

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #liking

we also like people who we find to be attractive. There is a theory, which states that, people who are attractive are also going to possess other qualities such as being loyal and committed and thus, people are more likely to listen to them and also get influenced by them.

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those who received it from people whose names were not identical or similar. This experiment proved that most people get influenced easily if they find that there is a similarity between them and their influencer. Perhaps unfairly, we also like people who we find to be attractive. There is a theory, which states that, people who are attractive are also going to possess other qualities such as being loyal and committed and thus, people are more likely to listen to them and also get influenced by them. This is perhaps the least easy principle of influence for anyone to replicate, but it is worth remembering! If you can begin to utilize and combine Cialdini’s factors of infl

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Annotation 1463287942412

#6-principles #69-ways-to-influence #liking

Remember, it is like Aikido. You are not doing anything new, people are constantly responding to and using these forces all day long. You are simply going to be more intelligent about it from now on.

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influenced by them. This is perhaps the least easy principle of influence for anyone to replicate, but it is worth remembering! If you can begin to utilize and combine Cialdini’s factors of influence, you will see instant results. Remember, it is like Aikido. You are not doing anything new, people are constantly responding to and using these forces all day long. You are simply going to be more intelligent about it from now on. The next chapter will show you more powerful principles of human behavior which will allow you to influence people with ease. And also the incredible power of combining facto

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Annotation 1463289515276

Loolapalloza Example

#69-ways-to-influence

For example, instead of just showing that many people are taking this choice (social proof), you could show that many very similar people to the individual are taking the choice (liking) and among them are people of authority, and also, because there are so many of them doing it there are not many places left and they are going fast (scarcity).

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Edited, memorised or added to reading queue

on 30-Jan-2017 (Mon)

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